Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of the life of famed musician, Frank Zappa. The life and works of Zappa are explored, and reasons are presented as to why he should be labeled a 20th century genius in the field of music.

From the Paper
"It used to be that the word genius only applied to a standardized IQ score on an Intelligence Quotient test. In more recent years the world has come to the understanding that there are many types of intelligence and that genius can be found in many areas of life. One area that has always escaped the watchful eye of genius identifiers has been that of the music world. While musicians were often referred to as talented or gifted, the word genius was rarely used. Today, with the new understanding that genius can come in many forms; artists from the past and present are being recognized for the true genius they possessed. One of the most talented geniuses in the field of music was famed artist Frank Zappa. Zappa will always be remembered as a 20th century genius because of his lifetime achievement and contributions to the world of music."

Tags:rock, and, roll, the, yellow, shark, joe's, garage, composing, audience, pop, plastic, people

Abstract
This paper studies the life and works of the famous saxophonist, Sidney Bechet. It details the reasons for his being a soloist and gives an historical overview of his personal life. It details his hard but successful life as a musician. It examines the major players influenced by Bechet such as Bob Wilder and Johnny Hughes. It concludes with quotes of things said about Bechet by famous musicians.

From the Paper
"Sidney Bechet truly led the life of a jazz musician. He was a supporter of Dixieland Jazz who played the clarinet and was the first person to play Jazz on a Soprano Saxophone. Domineering is a word frequently used to express his music. Various fights showed he had a short temper that reflects in his music. His solos were often soaring and passionate, endlessly inventive, direct rather than ornate. Throughout his life, he never had the discipline needed to play in a regular band; he always preferred to be a soloist and worked in many different bands. "

Tags:Sydney, Bechet, saxophonist, jazz, musician, Soprano, Bob, Wilder, Duke, Ellington

Abstract
The paper introduces the famous names in musical arrangement history. It provides a brief look at the musician's childhood and then mentions important milestones and works in his career. Several arrangers mentioned are Claus Ogerman ("Fiddler on the Roof"), Duke Ellington ("Crescendo in Blue") and Quincy Jones (Michael Jackson's "Thriller" and "The Color Purple").

From the Paper
"Quincy Jones is one of the most famous arrangers in the world. He is also a producer, conductor, instrumentalist and record company executive. His credits include the production of Michael Jackson's Thriller album, which has sold more copies than any other album in the history of music. Quincy Jones is also famous for his ability to work with artists from a myriad of musical genres. Jones has worked with a range of artist from Count Bassie to Queen Latifah. Among his most notable accomplishments was his co-production of the film The Color Purple which was granted 11 academy awards."

Tags:Don, Sebesky, Gil, Evans, Thad, Jones, Henry, Mancini, Marty, Paich, film, academy, awards

Abstract
This paper explains that the concept album "The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars" by David Bowie, the self-made man who is famous for his fleeting construction of personas, changed the way heavy metal, hard rock, punk music, glam rock and progressive rock sounded. The author points out that David Bowie's teenage wilderness years coincided with the gold-lame era of vintage rock 'n' roll, which reached England in the late 1950s in the form of American hip-swinging, lip-curling singers giving vent to youthful frustrations in a way seen as morally threatening such as Elvis Presley's "Hound Dog", Fats Domino's "Blueberry Hill" and Little Richard. The paper states that the album represented the archetypal rise and fall of the world of pop, which recently had experienced a sense of lost with the breakup of the Beatles and, with them, the cheery innocence of the 1960's; thereby, Ziggy became for many people the missing link between American punk and tight Beatle melodies.

From the Paper
"Kenneth Pitt first entered Bowie's life when he made a suggestion to Bowie's manager that there were already too many Joneses in the entertainment world. The Bromley-raised David Jones saw the adoption of a new stage name as an opportunity to redefine his faltering career and changed his name to David Bowie, after the American Colonel James Bowie, Davy Crockett's sidekick in The Alamo. Pitt and Bowie soon paired up, and it became apparent the Bowie desired to become the "renaissance man of pop". Bowie's aspirations were to sing and dance; he wanted to be seen as an artiste rather than someone who had only just recently shed his rough and ready R&B skin."

Tags:beatles, punk, personas, innovation, link

Abstract
This paper takes a look at James Joyce's "Ulysses" which was transformed from a novel into an opera. It analyzes the impact that each of these art forms has on the work and how the format changes. It provides a background of James Joyce's life and the background to his writing the novel. Within the novel itself, the "Siren Song" chapter is analyzed.

From the paper:

"Historians with idle time on their hands occasionally may indulge in moments of wishful revisionism. "What if," they say, "That young dreamer named Adolph Hitler had been accepted into art school? Wouldn't the world be different?" History is littered with celebrities who, for better or worse, had as youngsters fervently wished to be doing something different than their allotted role. Among them was one James Joyce, who, as it so happened, wanted to be a musician. If Hitler had been an artist instead, he probably would have been drawing propaganda posters for a second World War that would have persisted without his figure head. If James Joyce has been a musician, would he still have created Ulysses? At first glance, of course one must say not. This book is, after all, celebrated as one of the best modern examples of the novel -- not an opera. However, if what we look for in Ulysses is not its obviously visible shape, but rather, its messages, its rhythms and stories and symbolisms, then it is entirely possible that it would be the same creation if it were suddenly transmutated into music."

Tags:music, overture, critic, artist, prose, culture, rhythm, dance, abstract, classical

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the life of Omar Khayyam, born on 18 May 1048 at Nishapur, the provincial capital of Khurasan. The writer explores all aspects of his amazing life, as painter, mathematician, musician, writer and philosopher. The paper begins with his early life in Persia through to his death in Nishapur on 4th December 1131. The writer believes that Omar Khayyam was an outstanding astronomer and astrologer and his contributions to this field are invaluable still today. The paper includes a number of drawings of the man and examples of his writing.

From the Paper
"Omar Khayyam was well known as a poet, philosopher, mathematician, astronomer and physician. His full name was Ghiyath al-Din Abul-Fath Omar ibn Ibrahim Al-Nishapuri al-Khayyami. A literal translation of the name al-Khayyami means "tent maker" which maybe derived from his father's trade or he may have practiced this skill at one time. Khayyam played on the meaning of his own name when he wrote; "Khayyam, who stitched the tents of science, Has fallen in grief's furnace and been suddenly burned, The shears of Fate have cut the tent ropes of his life, And the broker of Hope has sold him for nothing!"."

Tags:algebra, astrologer, astronomer, geometry, mathematician, philosopher, physician, poet, ruba

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the history of music is replete with examples of musical suppression. The writer notes that in the days of the classical composers such as Mozart, Bach, and Beethoven these 'now famous' musicians were referred to as 'long hair' musicians and were shunned much in the way that the 'long hair' musicians of the 1960s and 1970s were shunned by proper aristocratic society. The writer points out that classical musicians such as those mentioned were completely dependent upon their patrons. Further, the writer notes that the musicians in today's world are not so hampered as those in earlier decades and centuries, however, there has always been a political and sociological force within the world that attempts to control music through legal means in what some believe is a form of protection and others believe is a form of domination. The writer concludes that while Max Weber views the control of music to be a form of protection, the view of the Marxist is that legal control of music is a strategy of the ruling social class to keep the lower classes under their thumb, stifling creative expression.

Outline:
Objective
Introduction
The Marxist View
The Shifting Cultural Perspective and Music
The Weberian View Contrasted to the Marxist View
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"The view of Marxism can be applied to the shift from the 'bee-bop' music of the 1950s to the Beatles rock of the 1960s, a shift which was helped along greatly by the pelvis gyration music of Elvis Presley in which the entire beat of the music changed and along with this came the music revolution that led to 'rock-and-roll' much despised by the controlling social class in that decade. Along with this new form of musical expression came expression of rebellion against the Vietnam War that was taking place in the songs of that time that spoke of revolution and played out in society by draft dodgers and flag burners protesting the war that was taking place in Vietnam."

Tags:protection, musician, expression, culture

Abstract
This paper provides biographical information on the famous composer, Arcangelo Corelli. It includes his inspirations, teachers, and the effect he had on Baroque music. Also included is an explanation of Corelli's composition, "La Follia".

From the Paper
"Corelli was particularly skilled as a conductor and was considered a pioneer of modern orchestral direction. However, it is said that he reached his creative peak in his Concerti Grossi Opus 6. Corelli was the first to prove the potentialities of the Concerto
Grosso. He then popularized it and wrote the first great music for it. The Concerto Grosso was based on contrasting two different sized instrumental groups. In Corelli's case, the smaller group was made up of two violins and a cello and the larger was a string orchestra. The ideas of crescendo and diminuendo were unknown."

Tags:composer, music, violin, sonata, concerto, grosso

Abstract
This paper discusses how Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio was known for portraying insolent boys and rough looking peasants within the masquerade of Roman gods and Christian saints. The paper describes and analyzes some of his more famous works such as "The Musicians", "Sick Bacchus" and "Boy Peeling a Fruit" and concludes that there was a feeling and sense of imminent terror in many of Caravaggio's works.

From the Paper
"Boy Peeling a Fruit is oftentimes associated with genre paintings however, it is different from a genre painting in the sense that the boy in the painting seems to be more refined and in control. A characteristic of this painting, as well, would be the absence of a rustic or disheveled individual (something that is characteristic of Caravaggio's paintings). Again, these are Caravaggio's secular paintings and the fact that the boy is peeling a less desirable looking piece of fruit while they are more spectacular looking pieces of fruit laid out in front of him, it suggests that there might be a moralizing theme here, though not necessarily religious: the resisting of seductive temptations. "

Tags:Musicians, Sick, Bacchus

Abstract
The paper relates that John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr are probably the most famous pop musicians of all time; they are the members of the Beatles, a pop group that forever changed the way our society views pop and music. The paper reveals that Beatles are probably the most famous music group of all time with millions of fans even today, and, by the time the Beatles conquered America, they had 'ruled' the UK and the rest of Europe. This paper examines how the Beatles conquered America and argues that besides being talented musicians, the Beatles were at the right place at the right time as well.

From the Paper
"John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr are probably the most famous pop musicians of all time. They are the members of the Beatles, a pop group that forever changed the way our society views pop and music. The Beatles are probably the most famous music group of all time with millions of fans even today. By the time the Beatles conquered America, they had `ruled' the UK and the rest of Europe. This paper will examine how the Beatles conquered America. The paper will argue that besides being talented musicians, the Beatles were at the right place at the right time as well. The combination of the members' characteristics,..."

Tags:music, beatles, fame