Abstract
In this paper, the author looks at two of Charles Dickens' famous books,"David Copperfield" and "Great Expectations". The author starts the paper with a study of Dickens' life and his early childhood using this in his analysis of the books that Dickens wrote, looking at the characters portrayed as a reflection of the life that Dickens had.The paper concludes with the statement that Dickens started writing novels that ridiculed the ruling classes based on his experiences and observations.

From the Paper
"In an even more autobiographical reference, David's last stop in his youth is Dover, where he lives with his father's sister, Betswet Trotwood who lives with her crazy cousin Mr. Dick. David takes to Mr. Dick right off, and again, David is happy. This is similar to Dickens' own experiences. As a boy, Dickens lived with his aunt after his father was sent to prison. David is then sent to live with the Wickfield family, which includes old Mr. Wickfield who is well off, but an alcoholic, businessman; his daughter Agnes who is David's age, and the clerk Uriah Heep. "

Tags:working, class, children, social, reforms, middle, class, observer

Abstract
In his book, "In The Shadow of FDR," William E. Leuchtenburg follows the presidencies of all of the men who followed Franklin D. Roosevelt and compares their presidential styles to his. He argues that all of these men lived in the shadow of FDR, striving for but never quite achieving what he did in his presidency. This book review critically examines Leuchtenburg's arguments.

From the Paper
"The one American President who has most affected his successors and changed the shape of politics is Franklin Delano Roosevelt. This view is espoused by William E. Leuchtenburg in his book, In The Shadow of FDR. Leuchtenburg's book covers the presidencies of all the men who have followed Roosevelt (up to the time the book was written, in 1989), from Truman to Reagan, and, while noting the changing times, examines how Roosevelt has influenced them all, regarding their policies and personalities. As the scope of this book is so vast, this paper will deal with a few of these Presidents and the most important ways they were affected by Roosevelt."

Tags:delano, democrat, eisenhower, johnson, kennedy

Abstract
This freshman paper highlights the reasons for Maya Angelou's writing the famous book: "I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings" followed by a brief overview of the noteworthy events in the book. The paper supports reasons for the grandmother's subtle resistance as a cage for Maya.

Tags:AFRICAN-AMERICAN STUDIES / LITERATURE, grandmothers subtle resistance

Abstract
Rachel Carson is celebrated as one of the most influential conservationist of the 20th century and one who will continue to to inspire generations to come. This paper examines the life story of Carson, beginning with her childhood, her university education, and her love for nature. It also focuses on Carson's most famous book, "The Silent Spring", which opened the world's eyes to the dangers of pesticide such as DDT and changed the course of this form of destruction to the environment.

From the Paper
"In 1958 Carson received a letter from Olga Owens Huckins, owner of a private bird sanctuary in Duxbury, Massachusetts, who was horrified one day to find birds dead and dying throughout her property (Rachel pp). Explaining that only days earlier local agencies had conducted a massive, unannounced spraying of the pesticide DDT, Huckins begged Carson to find someone in government to look into the regulations regarding chemical spraying (Rachel pp). Carson had long suspected the danger posed by the use of DDT and in fact had once tried to interest Reader's Digest in an article based on research by Elmer Higgins and Clarence Cottram at the Fish and Wildlife Service, but Reader's Digest declined and the findings were never released to the public (Rachel pp)."

Tags:Kaiulani, Lee, biologist

Abstract
This paper is an analysis of historian Alan Brinkley's review of Richard Hofstadter's famous work, The Age of Reason, describing the author's viewpoint and his methodology in the review, and assessing its effectiveness.

From the Paper
Richard Hofstadter's The Age of Reform In his book review on The Age of Reform Alan Brinkley provides muchmore than a mere summary of the historian's book He weaves the prevailingviews of Hofstadter's contemporaries in and among the views expressed int

Tags:book review, Alan Brinkley, Richard Hofstadter, populism, progressivism

Abstract
This paper chronicles the famous Scottsboro Boys trial. It's a story of racism in the 1930's that describes the events leading to the trial, the trial itself and the outcome. The paper describes what happened to the boys while they were in jail and the events and outcome of their second trial. Racism appears and reappears throughout the story of the Scottsboro Boys, as they were sentenced to death on several different occasions, despite obvious inconclusive or debatable evidence. Finally, the paper briefly describes the fate of all people involved in the case.

From the Paper
"When the train that they were riding on stopped in Stevenson, Alabama, the small group of black boys decided to walk along the tracks. A short while later they met up with some more black boys from another car. The boys decided that they would get back at the white boys who had been throwing rocks at them earlier. Once the train started again, the same group of white boys started throwing rocks at the blacks from a lower car. The now rather large group of blacks got in the car that the whites were riding in and started fighting them."

Tags:1930, black, blacks, book, boys, nigger, racism, report, scottsboro, train, trial

Abstract
This paper introduces the book, "Free to Choose: A Personal Statement", by Milton and Rose Friedman and, in particular, indicates which school of thought the authors are from and gives a short critique of the book. It looks at how "Free to Choose" is probably one of the most famous books written on economic theory, how PBS created a 10-part documentary in concert with the book, and how the book remains a textbook on economic and political thought today. It also shows how it is a fascinating look into economic theory and a must-read for anyone who would like to learn more about the free-market economy we live in today.

From the Paper
"The Friedman's are clearly of the monetary school of thought, but they advocate a "less is more" form of government, thereby utilizing money more effectively. They advocate a free-market economy, and take care to explain just why planned or controlled economies fail. The Friedman's are definitely capitalists, and do not adhere to the socialist economic theory. Ultimately, the book equates economic freedom with political freedom, and the authors go on to explain their theories that "less is more" in all forms of government, and the people should be free to choose whatever they want, despite whether it is good or bad for them, they should still have the right to choose for themselves."

Tags:free, market, economy, government, capitalism

Abstract
This paper explains that Stephen Crane wrote "Maggie: A Girl of the Streets" to tell the story of a girl of promise who succumbs to the brutal circumstances of her life in the slums of New York City's Lower East Side. The author points out that in the book the reader sees the way the vicious cycle of poverty leads individuals to go to extremes in order to survive but, in the end, the adversity is too difficult to overcome and everything falls apart. The paper relates that, in "Maggie", the reader can already observe the realism of Crane's writing, which characterizes his style in his books.

From the Paper
"Maggie, the novel's central character, grows up in the middle of abuse and poverty in the Bowery neighborhood of New York City's Lower East Side. Maggie is a child living in the tenements of the Bowery. Her father and mother are both alcoholics, resulting in a very violent and abusive childhood. She and her two brothers are suffering from illness and starvation all the time. The younger of the two boys dies, but Maggie and Jimmie survive all the illness and starvation. Maggie is a beautiful romantic who hopes for a better life than what she has known in her childhood. All Maggie knows is what her mother and father have become and the horrible examples they are for her and Jimmie. As this suggests, within the framework of the social structure provided by the Bowery slum, Maggie is different."

Tags:bowery, reporter, realism, melodramatic, deterioration

Abstract
This paper explains that Gibran's early books, written in Arabic, are full of anger and rebellion and express the sadness of a lonely soul; but, later in his life, Gibran's changed view expresses a tender and benevolent view of life as he demonstrates in his masterpiece, "The Prophet". The author argues that Gibran is teaching the reader that, without suffering, a person can never truly love and live life; without this pain, man would only live halfway. This paper relates that the book is not only a lesson that pain and happiness exist together, but also a guidebook for living life.

From the Paper
"In the last chapter of the book, Gibran writes about Almustafa's farewell to the people of Orphalese and passage into the next world, or death. In this chapter, Almustafa tells the people that he is moving on past death into the next level of existence and he thanks them for teaching him. At this point in the story, his teachings address the idea of man being one with God and death as being a "stepping-stone" to living in the next life.
Gibran writes, "There are no graves here. These mountains and plains are a cradle and a stepping-stone." (The Prophet, p.87). Gibran adds, "You are not enclosed within your bodies, nor confined to houses or fields. That which is you dwells above the mountain and roves with the wind. It is not a thing that crawls into the sun for warmth or digs holes into darkness for safety, but a thing free, a spirit that envelopes the earth and moves in the ether" ".

Tags:didactic, qur?an, almustafa, island, parent

Abstract
This paper reports on "Paul Robeson: A Biography" by Martin Bauml Duberman, which tells about the man who made a name as one of the most famous black singers and actors of the twentieth century. He achieved his success at a time when racism and discrimination were prevalent and he fought against these ills and became an activist on these and similar issues. He further ran afoul of the political forces of the time because of his communist leanings and this reduced his ability to work in his later years. The paper explains that, in this book, Duberman provides a detailed account of Robeson's life, an in-depth biography that covers Robeson's life and work, including material from his letters and other writings as well as interviews, newspaper and magazine articles, and so on.

Tags:paul, robeson, biography