Abstract
This paper explores extensively the controversial George W. Bush's public policy called the "Faith-Based Initiative", which seeks to support the work of faith-based organizations (FBOs) including allowing FBOs to compete on an equal footing with other social service providers in the receipt of federal grants. The author points out the ways Bush's faith-based initiatives have created public debate and clamoring criticism because of his public policy to end what he describes as "discrimination" against religion. The paper underscores the problems created by the widely varying interpretations of how exactly this new church and state partnership fits into the constitutional scheme. The paper analyzes several legal cases regarding this issue to support its discussion.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Charitable Choice and the Faith-Based Initiative
Defining Charitable Choice
Defining the Faith-Based Initiative
Charitable Choice's Danger to Beneficiaries and FBOs
Major Legal Issues Associated with the Faith-Based Initiative
The New Paradigm of Church and State Collaboration
Establishment Clause Issues
Employment Discrimination
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Bush's proposal, however, differs significantly from the 1996 charitable choice laws and his plan's increased potential for entanglement has garnered concern and criticism from both secularist and religious organizations, albeit for different reasons. While secularists see a violation of the Establishment Clause as the most troubling result of entanglement, the religious communities fear loss of autonomy and government scrutiny. In fact, the President's own denomination, the United Methodist Church, has opposed his policy."

Tags:discrimination, government money, entanglement, charitable choice, hiring

Abstract
This paper states that President George W. Bush's (1) foreign policy is overly ambitious, violent and disruptive to world peace; (2) faith-based initiative unravels years of social progress by reintroducing religion into the domain of politics and (3) the 'No Child Left Behind Act' leaves behind precisely those children it claims to help. The author bases this refutation of George W. Bush's presidency on the ideology of liberalism, which cannot stomach the war in Iraq because that war was a preemptive strike against a sovereign nation, cannot fathom a faith-based initiative that permits overt discrimination and cannot tolerate legislation like the 'No Child' Act because of its discrimination against underprivileged communities. The paper recommends that President Bush could do a far better job in the Oval Office by implementing some basic changes to his administration's ideology such as being more cooperative with the international community regarding matters of foreign policy.

From the Paper
"Bush's 'No Child Left Behind Act' is no less frightening than the faith-based initiative. Hiding behind good intentions, the 'No Child Left Behind Act' fails to take into account a major factor: reality. Jim Donlevy notes, "It simply is not reasonable to continue to identify thousands of failing schools throughout the United States and then to see through to completion the sanctions written into the Act." The Act includes provisions for annual testing for schools, with progress requirements in core subjects such as English, math and science. "The idea is to be sure that all students are learning at higher standards. " However, the Act demands too much too soon. Forcing some schools to shut down due to substandard testing performance, the Act essentially discriminates against poor and underprivileged communities and the students that reside within them."

Tags:liberalism, preemptive-strike, discrimination, religion, ideology

Abstract
This paper focuses on three religious groups which are extreme to the point of being considered cults, namely, Heaven's Gate, The Family and the Davidians. The paper discuses how, through an effective combination of lifestyles, worldviews and human gullibility, these initially harmless religious groups are changed into fanatical cults. The paper highlights the realities of these cults and the control, which at times is abusive and even illegal and immoral, they are able to exert over their followers.

Outline:
Cults
Davidians
The Family
Heaven's Gate

From the Paper
"Within the United States there are a number of religious groups which are extreme to the point of being considered cults. Amongst these are Heaven's Gate, The Family, and the Davidians. Cults such as the Branch Davidians and Heaven's Gate have traditionally been perceived as the creation of a deviant and egotistical individual. Through the use of brainwashing and reprogramming techniques, this individual is able to fashion a mindless collective of individuals willing to follow him or her even to the point of death. While the leader is an essential aspect in such organizations, there are others necessities. These cults are essentially a product of the normal human fascination with the end of time, which is shifted into extreme apocalyptic groupings and tendencies by the teachings and actions of the leader. Through an effective combination of lifestyles, worldviews, and human gullibility, these initially harmless religious groups are thus changed into fanatical cults. (Von Hoey 2) These teachings are rather universal across the religions, in that the end is near, and something must be done."

Tags:fanatics, followers, leaders, beliefs, faith, apocalypse

Abstract
The paper examines Kubler-Ross' work "Death: The Final Stages of Growth" and her premise that denial of death is the central paradigm that creates the conflict between science and religion. The paper discusses how Kubler-Ross uses religious explanations of death to help unify her theory that more social and faith-based initiatives can help a death-denying society accept death as part of life.

From the Paper
"Kubler-Ross's analysis relies on varying different social backgrounds that define death through a religious perspective. In many cases, accounts from different religious organizations and belief systems are used to bring death to the forefront of American society and its denial of death. Kubler-Ross's background in the medical profession often elucidates this problem through the institutions of doctor, family, and social denial of death in her own experiences."

Tags:hope, faith, science, technology, denial

Abstract
The paper discusses how the basis of religion will always be a factor within the confines of secular society and for the implications that modern science have to offer humankind. The paper explains that foundations of reason as well as the unknown, offer a platform for religion to attempt to answer these questions through the various forms of Christianity or furthermore world religions that have given the human race hope since the beginning of time. The paper addresses the question if society will become secularized in an absolutist forum. The paper says the answer would tend to be in the negative, since religion provides a basis for ethical moral and faith based initiatives that drive humankind.

From the Paper
"Before addressing the inevitability and desirability of secularization, it is important to understand the varying definitions of religion. Differing opinions about what religion constitutes poses different implications on the idea of secularization. Secularization is defined as the separation from religious connection or influences. The term can be used to describe two particular phenomena. Firstly, it is used to describe the decline in the extent of religious observance within a particular society; and secondly, it is also the name given to a general belief about history, namely that the development of society is dialectically progressive: as society progressed towards modernization it depends less on a religious understanding of itself and so religion loses its position of authority and legitimization."

Tags:sociology, secular, religious

Abstract
The paper analyzes the different facets and challenges for modern Biblical counseling and argues that the case for psychoanalysis must be taken into the modern forum for counseling Christians that seek a faith-based initiative within their emotional conflict resolution patterns. The paper argues that the modern Bible counselor can make sure to integrate the various aspects of Bible studies into the psychological spectrum, which has provided counselors with new approaches to human behaviors and complexes.

Tags:bible, counseling, theory

Abstract
This paper gives an in-depth analysis of George W. Bush's presidency, concluding that it was a failure and citing Bush's religious beliefs as the cause. According to the paper, during the period of George W. Bush's rule, the United States was driven into a series of bloody international conflicts, was plunged into a desperate economic recession produced by an epidemic of corrupt abuses and generally fell under the pale of social programs and legal ideologies both founded on explicitly pronounced tenets of Christianity. The paper then explicitly describes why this Christian ideology was the reason for the many problems faced by Bush's during his tenure as president. The paper concludes by stating that some of Bush's faith-based initiative were clearly unconstitutional.

From the Paper
"It is thus that we are encouraged to consider the political implications of such a policy initiative. Indeed, at the time of Bush's bid for reelection, many of his prospects were rather grim. Indeed, as an incumbent, he was facing an extremely close race with Senator Kerry. Much of this was based on his terrible record to that juncture in wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, his very poor handling of an economy increasingly in dire straits and, in the wake of congressional hearings both on the handling of 9/11 and the lead up to Iraq revealing the administration to have willfully botched intelligence findings. Bush entered his reelection bid with greater negatives and approval ratings challenges than any incumbent in history who has proceeded to victory."

Tags:stem-cell research, religious right, Christian Fundamentalism, gay marriage, conservatives

Abstract
The paper discusses how today's nurse brings her faith, beliefs and skills to each and every patient served, utilizing many resources, many of which can be God, and spirituality, based upon the patient's religious preferences. The paper shows how using passages from the Bible and looking at how Jesus lived his life can help a patient focus on his or her life and how sickness can be healed.

From the Paper
"The nurse of today brings to nursing her own faith, beliefs, and nursing skills, ready to take care of any patient or client that is entrusted into her care. A strong faith in God and knowledge about the Bible and Christianity can only create positive outcomes for a patient in need. This paper will cover some of the resources available to the nurse of today who wants to take a Christian approach to her nursing care, and how faith can be integrated into health and wellness. It began with Florence Nightingale in 1837, who wrote in her diary that God had spoken to her and called her into his service (Tomey and Alligood,...)"

Tags:nursing, faith, health

Abstract
This paper examines the problems and their causes currently facing Faith Community Hospital. First, the paper suggests that the lack of clarity in the mission statement allows for it to be interpreted from many different perspectives, with such interpretations then influencing and determining the manner in which medical care and services are offered and received. The paper next suggests that there is also a lack of clarity amongst board members and staff regarding legal and policy mandates, which the hospital must adhere to in order to protect itself as well as its' patients. A third significant problem identified is that the hospital does not have an established specialization or identity. Finally, the paper looks at the problem of decreasing patients. Included in the discussion of each problem is a recommendation for resolving it.

From the Paper
"There is lack of consensus and understanding amongst the Board of Directors, health and medical staff, and patients of the differences between values and ethics, and how each of these influences medical practices. The basis of this confusion and lack of clarity appears to be the result of the mission statement of Faith Community Hospital which emphasizes the role of spiritual values and beliefs in directing medical care. No one spiritual faith is adhered to or largely represented amongst board members, staff and patients. Thus, such diversity in spiritual and religious backgrounds leads to massive opportunities for the mission statement to be interpreted from many different perspectives, with such interpretations then influencing and determining the manner in which medical care and services are offered and received. Lack of clarity in the mission statement leads to lack of clarity in purpose and fails to provide a clear and concise foundation upon which the hospital builds its' identity and determines its' daily practices and operations. Currently, the mission statement is such that it allows for the board of directors, the staff and patients to use their own personal/professional identities as well as values, ethics and beliefs as the basis for decision-making."

Tags:health, medical, staff, patients, care, ethics, value-based, law, rights, organizational, identity

Abstract
This paper discusses the controversy of the separation of church and state. This is a persuasive essay, comprised of with an introduction of unbiased information. In addition, two essays follow, one pro-religious/government affiliation and the second sides with the need for increased separation of church and state.

From the Paper
"The concept of the United States Federal Government funding religiously based organizations seems to be a very implausible idea. Assuming that something of this nature was put into effect, Congress would have to guarantee that no person(s) would be discriminated against regardless of religious and/or faith practices in order to receive federal funding for their religious organization. During his campaign for the Presidency in 1999, while in Indianapolis, Indiana, Presidential hopeful George W. Bush was quoted in saying,[1]?We will keep a commitment to pluralism [and] not discriminate for or against Methodist or Mormon or Muslims or good people with no faith at all.?

Tags:based, bush, faith, initiative, president