Abstract
The paper reviews the Save the Children agency and discusses in brief its values and ethics. The paper examines an ethical dilemma which invariably arises when such organizations endeavor to assist at-risk children, specifically, should utilitarian and/or social justice considerations be taken into account or should another ethical mechanism be employed when determining who receives what? In the end, the paper decides that programs and aid geared towards helping children should be dispensed in a manner that is color-blind and free of gender-based considerations.

From the Paper
"The Save the Children agency is well-regarded for its many earnest efforts on behalf of the most vulnerable members of our society. Simply put, the values and ethics which guide this organization are laudable and in keeping with the most estimable ideals of American philanthropy. Specifically, the organization is wholly committed to seeing to it that children everywhere should receive all the assistance they can so that they can enjoy happy and fulfilling lives (Save the Children, 2007a). Additionally, the organization has pledged itself to the operational principles of accountability, collaboration and innovation and to giving children and the communities that serve them in the developing world the services, skills, and resources that will make it possible for young people in less-developed nations to reach their full human potential."

Tags:resources, gender, race, color, objectivity, utilitarianism

Abstract
The paper begins with a definition of business ethics, then looks into the history of the subject. The writer continues by looking into sources that criticize the approach of businesses in the area of ethics, followed by the subject of philanthropy.

Table of Contents:
Classical/Historical View
Criticism
Shared Values and Goals
Corporate Philanthropy
Attracting and Building a Productive Workforce
Environmentalism and Corporate Responsibility
Conclusion

From the Paper
"American business is under particular pressure to invest well in humans: to make them productive, motivated people working in a safe environment free from racial, sexual and other forms of discrimination. The social and political system sends signals to business about what is acceptable through trends in regulation and enforcement.
Managers often fail to understand that employees see work/life balance as a moral issue. Balancing work and family responsibilities is an ethical issue for everyone involved employees, employers and society; it's a matter of being socially responsible within the workplace. It is ethically positive to provide proactive family and flexibility programs for the workforce, but most companies won't do so unless it's profitable or legally mandated. (Kleiman, 2000)."

Tags:philanthropy, employees, companies, environment, workplace

Abstract
This paper explains that, in his article "Code and Covenant or Philanthropy and Contract?", William F. May states his belief that the medical profession is mostly unaccountable for its actions, resulting in immediate harm to the patient and in the loss of professional reputation and public accountability. Next, the author relates that May believes that the concepts presented in the Hippocratic Oath are to blame for this situation and suggests that doctors instead have a contractual relationship with their patients. The paper praises the writings style and contents of May's chapter.

From the Paper
""Code" refers to the code of ethics that doctors are required to follow in their relationship with their patients. This entails a rather one-sided relationship in which the doctor is required to provide patients with a particular type of care according to a set of rules. However, the problem is that the doctor also often feels obliged to act protectively towards his or her fellow medical professionals. This falls in the "covenant" category. Originally, the covenant occurs between the doctor and his or her instructors, to whom the medical professional is beholden for knowledge."

Tags:accountability obligations, one-sided relationship, condescending attitude, equal parties

Abstract
This is a how-to book for ethics and the ministry. There has to be a basic core of ethics and integrity within anyone who has any chance of succeeding in the ministry. One could be hard pressed to find any profession, career, or job where integrity is not a basic job requirement. But for the minister, integrity and ethics are not just core necessities, they are what might be called tools of the trade.

From the Paper
C20572 BOOK REVIEW - MINISTERIAL ETHICS Joe E. Trull and James C. Carter Ministerial Ethics: Moral Foundation for Church Leaders Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2004 revision of 1993 original edition. Any potential reader of this book might ask one obvious question before actually sitting down to read Ministerial Ethics, by Joe E. Trull and James C. Carter. The ministry is usually considered a profession unlike virtually all others, a profession one does not choose but to which one is

Tags:ministry, religion, ethics

Abstract
The paper examines deontological (doing the right thing because it is the right thing to do) and teleological (doing something because it will satisfy some greater good or morally-appealing final outcome) ethics with context of police work - mostly with the aim of showing the destructive effects which inevitably arise when teleological ethics are employed in police work instead of deontological ethics. The paper argues that, while perfectly understandable, the idea that those who are entrusted with "serving and protecting" the public have the prerogative to act immorally as part of their efforts to secure the apprehension of dangerous criminals is simply wrong-headed. The writer contends that using immoral means to arrive at a desired moral end is not an irresolvable problem because it should be evident that immoral police conduct will heighten public cynicism/resentment towards the police, will lead to court intervention, and will make the job of policing vastly more difficult than it already is; it will also encourage the very sort of "blue wall" that has been sharply denounced in the past. The paper concludes that the idea that teleological ethics is defensible in policing - save, perhaps, in extreme instances wherein an officer's life is in clear danger - is not one that stands up to scrutiny.

From the Paper
"The following paper will examine deontological (doing the right thing because it is the right thing to do) and teleological (doing something because it will satisfy some greater good or morally-appealing final outcome) ethics with context of police work - mostly with the aim of showing the destructive effects which inevitably arise when teleological ethics are employed in police work instead of deontological ethics. The paper will argue that, while perfectly understandable, the idea that those who are entrusted with "serving and protecting" the public have the prerogative to act immorally as part of their efforts to secure the..."

Tags:ethics, end, means

Abstract
The paper discusses how whistleblowers who reveal business' ethics violations can often suffer consequences and also explains the importance of a uniform code of ethics for all the branches of a company. The paper then looks at a retired executive from Hewlett-Packard's four lessons on building a moral business foundation in a global economy. The paper concludes by questioning whether schools and universities are doing enough to emphasize business ethics in their curricula and emphasizing the ever increasing role ethics plays in our businesses.

From the Paper
"According to Wikipedia, business ethics is a form of applied ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. There seems to be a common misunderstanding regarding the perception of business ethics to the typical businessperson amidst the increasingly conscience-focused marketplaces in which we work today. A great deal of data and research concerning ethics tend to be shifting away from ethical vs. unethical case studies, but instead are now focusing on the broad scope of ethics and exactly which areas of business are frequently disregarded as ethical gray areas as well as the consequences of doing 'the right thing' by reporting potential ethical dilemmas. Global ethics also remains a constant fixture among recent research concerning whether or not to apply a standard code of ethics in companies that have facilities in other countries and cultures. In recent years, we have been exposed to companies such as Enron and WorldCom as the beaming examples of how to be unethical. Since the downfalls or Enron and WorldCom, are colleges and universities throughout the United States and around the world dedicating enough of their curricula toward ethics?"

Tags:whistleblowers, code, of, ethics, management, employees

Abstract
Corporate social responsibility programs are more than attempts to generate the benefits of altruism and ethics. They are the basis of defining how organizations can be the catalyst of positive change within their communities. The writer of the paper contends that when taken from an Islamic law perspective the religious requirements as defined by the precepts of the Koran bring an added dimension that encompasses reciprocity as a moral and religious duty. The paper then proceeds to examine the fundamentals of Islamic CSR as compared with other models.

Outline:
Introduction
Variations in Philanthropy Between Islamic and Neoclassical Economics
Comparing CSR Initiatives in Islamic and Common Law-based Nations
References

From the Paper
"The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is at its very basis an exercise in Utilitarian ethics (Lynch-Wood, Williamson, Jenkins. 2009, 53, 54), egalitarianism (Stephenson, 2009, et.al), and concept of inculcating high ethical standards of reciprocity at the highest levels of an organization (McDonald, Pak, 1996, 973) which have been proven to influence ethicacy throughout the organization itself. CSR programs are more than attempts to generate the benefits of altruism and ethicacy however; they are the basis of defining how organizations can be the catalyst of positive change within their communities (Sirsly, 2009, 90 - 94). It is not so much the investment in the community to gain financial rewards, but to enrich ones' community for the mutual benefit of all, with many of these benefits not realized for years or decades. There is a consistency of research showing that the value from any CSR program concentrates on measuring and evaluating the long-tern value gained by those the program is meant to serve (Berens, van Riel, Rekom, 2007, 245 - 252). When taken from an Islamic law perspective the religious requirements as defined by the precepts of Qur'an bring an added dimension that encompasses reciprocity as a moral and religious duty (Mirfazli, 2008, 275 - 278)."

Tags:ethical, religious, mudarabah, interest, utilitarianism, philanthropy

Abstract
The paper provides an overview of Cisco and its financial performance and discusses the internship opportunities the company offers. The paper focuses on Cisco's corporate social responsibility and corporate citizenship and discusses why Cisco is considered to be one of the most ethically astute and well-run companies in the United States today. The paper then turns to the Blizzard Entertainment company and its corporate social responsibility programs, and uses Cisco as a model for Blizzard to follow in defining CSR programs and initiatives to educate low-income children about programming and also provide them with a potential career path. This paper contains tables and an appendix.

Outline:
Cisco Systems: Executive Summary
Financial Reports and Analysis
Internship Opportunities
Social Responsibility and Corporate Citizenship
Cisco Charitable Giving Programs
Corporate Social Responsibility at Blizzard: Executive Summary
Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics
Modeling Cisco's CSR Programs and Initiatives
Blizzard Needs To Supplant Education-Based CSR Programs
The Next Step: Creating Internship Opportunities
Summary

From the Paper
"Cisco today has grown to employ over 39,000 professionals including 6,800 in manufacturing and service, 13,900 in engineering, 14,200 in Sales and Marketing, and 4,100 in Finance and Administration. The company is organized in five business segments that are categorized by product class. These include switches, routers, advanced technologies, services and other products. Switches are the majority of revenue at 40.7%, with routers contributing 22.2% followed by Advanced Technologies at 17.8% and other products and services contributing the remaining 3.4% and 15.9%. Cisco also has organized its sales operations into the Americas Region, Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA), and Asia-Pacific and Japan. The company further defines its four main categories of customers as large enterprise businesses, service providers, commercial customers, and consumers."

Tags:internship, ethics, management, philanthropy

Abstract
This paper analyzes the company management philosophy and style of the Hershey Company (Hershey). It describes Hershey's corporate citizenship, as well as its corporate structure and orientation. The paper shows how Hershey's management style, structure and oversight have been effective throughout its history. Finally, the paper shows how Hershey's success can be attributed to its religious focus on ethical leadership and guidance, based on the spirit of philanthropy.

Table of Contents:
Company Overview
Management Philosophy
Corporate Citizenship
Corporate Structure and Orientation
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Hershey is a top down management style enterprise. While it likes to emphasize that its employees are empowered and that its corporate culture is one of inclusion, most public companies in the current business climate cannot afford to be a bottom up managed company. The corporate structure at Hershey is typical in that it is overseen by an independent Board of Directors (BoD) who, "together with the Compensation and Executive Organization Committee, monitor the performance of the CEO"("Company"). This degree of oversight extends into the company's operations as well. The BoD review the corporate strategic plan annually in order to ensure that the company's corporate strategy is appropriate for the market and emerging market developments ("Company"). Additionally, public companies are further restricted in their managerial latitude by reporting and oversight requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley legislation. Sarbanes-Oxley essentially creates another added layer of bureaucracy within public companies because of the compliance and cost issues associated with meeting Sarbanes-Oxley regulatory requirement."

Tags:directors, BoD, investors, employees, corporate, culture

Abstract
This paper examines how social responsibility is an important concern of corporations and community alike. In particular, it discusses the important tool of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and how firms use it. The paper looks at how it is usually used for financial gains or for enhancing a company's image and how some firms might engage in it for purely philanthropic reasons. The paper recommends uses for corporate soical responsibility and discusses how it can be tied with better financial health.

Outline:
Introduction
Theory and Assumptions
How Social Responsibility Affects Business
Recommendations
References

From the Paper
"Social responsibility has also become a buzzword because of the availability of large variety of similar goods. When a product comes into the market, it has to fight very hard for consumer's attention because there are several other rival goods competing for the same. A marketing and design consultant (Neuborne, 1991) states: "There was a time when you bought a product just for its price or performance...but with the number of products available, it is increasingly difficult to differentiate one product from another." In this situation, a consumer may base his buying decision on company's image and its commitment to public good. This is clearly indicated by a book, 'Shopping for a Better World' that has been selling millions of copies since it first came out in the market."

Tags:philanthropy, community, involvment, corporate, ethics