Abstract
Alfred D. Chandler's article entitled "The Enduring Logic of Industrial Success" states that the pioneers in a market will dominate their industries and continue to do so for decades. The writer examines in detail why these companies are identified as first movers and how they take advantage of being first movers to capture markets and become successful.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Findings & Discussion
L'Oreal
Toyota
P&G
Conclusion

From the Paper
"L'Oreal is one of the first companies who sought to compete internationally beyond local or regional markets. When it enters a new market, the most significant strategy is to buy and repackage the local brands and make them world-famous. The most famous examples are Maybelline, Soft Sheen and Carson in the United States and Shu Uemura in Japan. L'Oreal was not satisfied with the profit-guaranteed market of Maybelline in Middle America. Aggressively, it promotes its products worldwide. When Carson found a market in South Africa, the Savannah firm, in debt, was unable to do the investment, L'Oreal made it because Owen Jones, the chairman of the company realized that "people of African origin, where they were in the world, were a huge future potential business" (Tomlinson, 2002). In addition to economics of scale to exert its cost advantage, L'Oreal also expands via economics of scope tremendously in years. The company started out in hair dyes. Now they have products in hair color, permanents, hairstyling aids, body and skin care, skin cleansers, and fragrances. Since they market over 500 brands and more than 2000 products, this provides them with a very strong presence in the beauty market. L'Oreal products are found in all distribution channels: hair salons, hypermarkets, supermarkets, health and beauty outlets, and direct mail. This gives them an advantage over competitors with limited distribution outlets."

Tags:Chandler, enduring, industrial, logic, mover, pioneers, success

Abstract
This paper discusses the link between the criminal justice system and politics in the United States. It suggests that independence for the criminal justice system would have to be paired with strict oversight, but could permit the development of new criminal justice policies that were based entirely on the empirical evidence and not on the political ideologies of politicians. The paper bases its arguments on "Sense and Nonsense about Crime and Drugs" by S. Walker.

From the Paper
"Perhaps the most significant reason why criminal justice policies have had such limited effect is because they have not been based on available evidence and rigorous testing. Evidence-based policymaking is only recently coming into its own in the United States. This trend in criminal justice is perhaps the most important one to date. It should be encouraged without question. Evidence-based policymaking will help actors in the criminal justice system to sort through the current policies and weed out the ones that simply do not work to reduce crime or, worse, actually have an adverse effect on the goals of the system. Additionally, this approach to criminal justice can help design new, more effective, policies that are based on sound science and evidence instead of wishful thinking and faith in commonsense metaphors. It short, the lack of evidence-based testing in the criminal justice system has been a major factor in the limited effectiveness of existing policies. Incorporating empirical evidence and testing into the policy process will improve the quality of criminal justice policies in the future."

Tags:politician, legislation, policies, evidence

Abstract
This paper begins with an overview of Buddhism and the idea of enduring self. It then provides greater detail on this subject in an account of personal continuity explained in Buddhism through the teaching of Dependent Origination (paticca-samuppada). The paper explores what Western philosophers like Locke and Hume think about this concept. This is followed by a comparison and contrast of both the Eastern and Western views in order to arrive at a satisfactory conclusion of whether or not a person requires an enduring self to be someone who is harmonious with his/her world.

From the Paper
"In order to discuss the concept of enduring self, then, it makes sense to put it into more specific terms. The Buddhists recognize that the self is in constant flux, yet people still cling to something called permanence or an enduring self that they form out of the impermanent self. If they deeply experienced and understood that the self is ever impermanent, there would be no identification with any particular form of craving, with any particular country, nation, or any organized system of thought or religion. But this realization perhaps comes only with sustained and serious meditation, which is a mind-cleansing rather than a mind-filling activity. This is what most people cannot practice, since it is so unfamiliar for the typical Western ways of gaining knowledge. In a more practical viewpoint, an enduring self for the Buddhists is only a myth, a fantasy or an illusion. It is pretty much the same as trying to grab hold of the rays of sunlight reflecting in a lake or an object reflecting in a mirror. Since this is impossible, it can only lead to frustration or suffering."

Tags:Dependent, Origination, paticca-samuppada, buddhist, hume, locke

Abstract
This paper examines how Ian McEwan's novel, "Enduring Love", is a psychological thriller of a novel that tells the story of Joe Rose and his lover, Clarissa. It looks at how the theme of the paradoxically enduring nature of unhealthy, fixated love emerges in Joe's struggle to evade the grasp of the stalker, Joe Parry. It also discusses how this theme emerges in what seems to be a quite minor character and in a comical and incidental scene where Joe is attempting to buy a gun to free himself of his attacker.

From the Paper
"At times, Clarissa often acts in a mother-like fashion towards Joe, from preparing his food to soothing his supposedly foolish anxieties. In this scene, however, another mother-like figure emerges. Perhaps the most poignant character, however, present in the commune-type environment is the woman who serves food and cooks for most of the characters in the home. Joe Rose notes, again with a barely concealed sneer, that he always used to wonder what happened to such women. He notes that the lifestyle of such hippie women somewhat predated feminism, and it seemed that their function in society was to bake the hash brownies and to clean up after the men around them."

Tags:joe, rose, clarissa, stalker, parry

Abstract
In this paper, the writer discusses the work "Enduring Love" by Ian McEwan and maintains that the characters, Joe, Jed, Clarissa, and Mrs. Logan all represent a various elements of madness. The writer discusses that the subtext of this madness often revolves around shame, guilt, remorse, detachment, and obsession that arise, especially in how the characters use psychological language to define their mortal dilemma. Within the overall depictions of madness represented in the novel the writer points out that these four characters exhibit differing approaches to the tragic death they had witnessed and how they coped with its aftermath.

Tags:love, guilt

Abstract
This paper examines the psychological pathology of madness that arises within the novel "Enduring Love" by Ian McEwan. The characters Joe, Jed, Clarissa and Mrs. Logan are critically analyzed through a narrative perspective, which divulges the pathology of madness that is present within the novel.

From the Paper
"The central theme of Ian McEwan's novel Enduring love revolves around the subtext of guilt, shame, and remorse that Joe Rose must face after failing to rescue a boy from a balloon. In the Chilterns, Joe Rose and his wife Clarissa witness a balloon accident where a boy is trapped within balloon that has gotten out of control. In an effort to try and brig the balloon back down the ground, Joe and two other men fail to pull the balloon downwards. Although Joe and Jed had dropped off as the wind took the aircraft in a sudden gust, the third man, John Logan, falls to his death because of a late release. "

Tags:Joe, Jed, Clarissa, Mrs., Logan

Abstract
This paper evaluates the views of some of the most famous philosophers on the theories of 'self' being an entity in its own right and social contract theory, that individuals living in isolation and without government would come together to form a government, binding themselves to a sovereign in exchange for protection. It shows amongst some of the views described in the paper how Descartes believed that the self was a continuing entity, how John Locke believed in the enduring self but stated that the existence of the self was dependent on memory, and how David Hume rejects the idea of the self as existing at all.

From the Paper
"The self is often thought of as interchangeable with the concept of identity, with an emphasis on the inner dimension of human consciousness and thought. The self is thought of as a part of consciousness. Descartes believed that the self was a continuing entity, the same throughout life. Descartes stated, "I think, therefore I am," indicating that reason was the source of all knowledge and that the application of reason alone demonstrated that the enduring self was a real entity. The concept has become bound with issues of perception. Descartes placed the source of all perceptions in reason, while others saw all knowledge as perceptual, perceived only through the senses, and therefore not trustworthy because the senses can be wrong. Descartes believed in the enduring self because he could reason that the self he knew endured in the same form at all times."

Tags:descartes, hume, locke, rousseau, kant, aristotle, hobbes

Abstract
This paper explores how Ian McEwan's novel, "Enduring Love", examines the fallacy of begging the question or circular reasoning. It looks at how this fallacy occurs when one infers a conclusion that, ultimately, is based on that very conclusion. It also illustrates how the narrative examination of this fallacy shows how an individual can act as an agent of his own fate, neglecting to embrace the freedom bestowed upon all humanity.

From the Paper
"Uncertain of his own impetus to help, Rose reveals that no one "would ever know fully" the significance of the incident or their involvement. Implicit in this statement is Rose's acknowledgment of a partial understanding which he refuses to address. Rather than explore his inability to "fully" grasp the significance Rose offers a surface (albeit truthful) explanation that cannot be contended. "Superficially the answer was a balloon," says Rose, and thus admittedly abandons the metaphysical question for a physical answer. While Rose's superficial explanation is based on truthful characteristics of a balloon it commits the fallacy of begging the question. By comparing the incident to the beginning of the universe Rose deems the incident "the first step" in a chain of events. However, he can only define the initial "step" by its consequences."

Tags:clarissa, madness, murder, science, rose

Abstract
This paper discusses the enduring popularity of Ernest Shackleton who was involved in a legendary Antarctic expedition. It particularly focuses on why interest in Ernest Shackleton increased dramatically in about 1995 and lasted until 2003. It discusses the expedition and looks at the film "The Endurance: Shackleton's Legendary Antarctic Expedition," that The Burke Museum of Natural History at the University of Washington showed in 2001.

From the Paper
"With the release of the new information, there followed a wide range of materials dealing with Shackleton. These included two biographies suitable for elementary students (Marcovitz; reviewed by Ching; Calvert, reviewed by McLoughlin), and two others suitable for middle school students (Plimpton, reviewed by Cohen; reviewed by Jones; Johnson, reviewed by Engberg, and reviewed by Gawron). At the same time, there has been a remarkable general revival of interest in all things from these expeditions. Captain Scott's snow goggles were recently sold at auction for more than L20,000, and a biscuit recovered from that expedition went for a remarkable L4,000 (Smith 50)."

Tags:endurance, exploration, journey

Abstract
This paper provides broader insight into topics such as technology use, copy right laws, user needs, costs and the integration of digital and physical materials. The author points out that the advantages of digital libraries include immediate access to a heterogeneous presentation of materials and the ability to find new and innovative uses for these materials; however, the disadvantages of digital libraries include the costs associated with maintaining them. The paper indicates the need for considering the needs of users when selecting the types of materials that will be present in a digital library. The paper includes chart, several quotations and additional annotation of the bibliography.



Table of Contents
Introduction
Digital Libraries
Advantages of Digital Libraries
Disadvantages
Overcoming the Disadvantages Associated with Digital Libraries
Technology Issues
Advantages of Digital Imaging
Disadvantages of Digital Imaging
Search and Retrieval Tools
Search Engines
Digital Collection
Cataloging Digitized Images
Virtual Unity and Coherence
Distributed Searching
Distributed Indexing
Intellectual Property and Copyright Issues
Integration of Digital and Physical Materials
Presentation of Heterogeneous Materials
Appealing to Various Users with Varied Purposes
User Transformation of Digital Content
Costs and Funding
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Storage virtualization is able to accomplish this by making physically separate and heterogeneous storage arrays seem to be a single logical pool of storage resources, controllable from a central console. The purpose of the program is for data to freely flow between the different tiers and types of storage, depending on business needs, without disturbing the operating environment. The author also asserts that "The single most important attribute of any storage virtualization solution is the ability to mask complexity and thereby make manageable that which is increasingly unmanageable.""

Tags:access, heterogeneous, storage, virtualization, funding