Abstract This paper discusses the meaning of ecotourism, along with the difference between real or authentic ecotourism versus a new false type of ecotourism. Real ecotourism is concerned with the planet's well-being.
Abstract This paper examines the fastest growing trend of the tourism industry, Ecotourism. According to this paper, by definition ecotourism means travel to natural and naturally preserved areas, while maintaining respect for the environment, for conservation of the area and for the local people.
From the Paper "Ecotourism is the fastest growing segment of the global tourism industry (Gibson & Dodds, 2003; West & Carrier, 2004), although its promotion and practice are marked by intense controversy. Views on ecotourism range from the most serious charges of exploitation to deep praise for its positive impacts. Ecotourism can be defined as "responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of local people" (Taylor & Dyer, 2003, p. 977). In certain regions, ecotourism appears to produce extensive benefits. By its nature, ecotourism also tends to be hypocritical since its underlying motive invariably is profit even though its expressed commitments represent ecological ideals. "
Abstract This paper discusses ecotourism in Africa and the benefits it might bring as well as the problems it might cause, noting that ecotourism means combining travel and a concern for ecology around the idea of visiting natural sites and often working to improve the environment while doing so. This type of tourism has been featured by some countries and by different types of travel booking groups and companies, some commercial and some sponsored by non-governmental organizations, desirous of improving the environment.
From the Paper "Many countries promote tourism as an economic engine that brings visitors, provides money, increase employment, and even gives the countries cachet on the world stage. Tourism can be promoted in numerous ways, with the most basic being to emphasize local historical, natural, and man-made points of interest. One way that has been developed with some success is known as ecotourism, combining travel and a concern for ecology around the idea of visiting natural sites and often working to improve the environment while doing so. This type of tourism has been featured by some countries and by different types of travel booking groups and companies, some commercial and some sponsored by NGOs desirous of improving the environment."
Abstract This paper reviews a debate in which the proposition awards in medical liability lawsuits should be limited was debated. A general overview of the debate is provided. Main points are identified and discussed. The paper concludes with remarks on which side (pro or con) had the stronger arguments and a judgment of who ultimately won the debate is stated.
From the Paper "Medical malpractice is a vast legal issue that affects many different populations: consumers/patients, healthcare professionals, the pharmaceutical industry, legal professionals and insurance companies. This paper will provide a review of the debate holding to the proposition: Awards in medical liability lawsuits should be limited. Starting with a high level overview of the debate, main points will be presented along with this writer's view of which side presented a stronger case and which side this writer believes won the debate. Overview of debate. Malpractice insurance rates are driving physicians and many nurse practitioners out of business. Malpractice insurance costs are just too high to allow physicians to maintain a private practice in states that do not provide for a max-cap on liability awards. Currently 27 states do and the cost of their malpractice insurance is substantially less; for example $8,000 for the same ..."
Abstract This paper summarizes the debate between the Federalists and Anti-federalists of the constitutional congress. It suggests some ongoing problems in American public life which demonstrate the main issues which drove that debate, far from being resolved during the constitution's ratification, continue to resonate in current events. This paper discusses the Ratification Debate and the major issues which drove the debate between the Federalists and the Anti-federalists: Distribution of power, protection of rights, limitations of institutions and the ongoing Relevance.
From the Paper "In the last few days of September in 1787, the Confederation Congress met to debate and construct a new Constitution of the United States. The document they wrote and sent for ratification to the thirteen states that made up the newly-formed country was intended to replace the Articles of Confederation that had ordered the nation since its inception. The nation was reaching a crisis point, as the experiment had been going poorly. Surprisingly, perhaps, the problem was not one of the many possible economic problems that new nations are likely to experience when reconstructing after a long and difficult war. As Gordon Wood (1969) argues, the general economy was running well and people felt comfortable and even prosperous (p. 395). Rather, the concerns that brought the nation's leading politicians together were primarily political. "
Abstract The paper relates that a debate team is an example of a cooperative learning group. This paper describes, analyzes and evaluates the writer's contribution to the debate planning, preparation and presentation process. This contribution is examined in relation to three theoretical frameworks. Situational leadership is highly relevant for enabling a balance between task behavior and relational behavior. Chaos theory is especially useful since it emphasizes the learning process and feedback. Change theory permits the change process to be understood. The writer discusses that he/she experienced both learning and change through the debate.
Abstract This paper delves into the legal, ethical and religious aspects surrounding abortion, while also focusing on the feminist view of this hotly-debate topic. The writer of this paper traces the roots of the abortion debate back to Susan B. Anthony. Anthony opposed abortion because the medical procedure, in her time, was unsafe and endangered a woman's health and life. This paper examines how feminists today defend the development of safe and effective birth control as a means to prevent abortion. This paper also looks at the views of various feminist organizations such as Feminists for Life and Feminists Against Abortion. This paper discusses the media's impact in the evolution of the "Pro-Choice" and "Pro-Life" movements. This paper also discusses how the laws regarding legal abortions have changed over the past 40 years. In 1965, all 50 states banned the procedure, with some exceptions. In 1973, The Supreme Court reversed the situation in the case of Roe vs. Wade, declaring most existing state abortion laws unconstitutional. The writer of this paper explores the issue of abortion in various religions, including Judaism and the different Christian sects. While those of the Catholic faith do not believe that abortion is an acceptable solution to undesired pregnancies, they do accept that there may be situations when an abortion must be considered. This paper also touches on the ethical side, where many believe that abortions should only be considered when the life of the mother is at stake. However, shades of grey enter into the picture when other reasons are offered as well, as detailed in this paper.
From the Paper "Although those of the Catholic faith do not believe that abortion is an acceptable solution to undesired pregnancies, they do accept that there may be situations when an abortion takes place as the outcome of trying to deal with another medical issue. For example, the Church would allow "the doctrine of double effect" if the mother requires a life-saving operation that may possibly end the pregnancy, since it is the first priority to save the woman's life rather than end the pregnancy.
Many Protestant denominations including the Anglicans, Methodists and Quakers have been disinclined to be as strict as the Catholic Church. Frequently, they accept that there are certain occasions when abortion is an unavoidable result of deciding between the "lesser of two evils."
To further complicate the issue, explains Ellingson, there is even disagreement among the Catholics and among the Protestants. "It is not just a Catholic and Protestant Debate."
Abstract This paper is an overview of sixteen common fallacies used in debate. The paper provides two examples of each in the hopes that students can better discern these fallacies when they emerge in debate and/or in academic literature. As a useful point, these examples can also be used to highlight the partisanship of leading politicians eager to spread their own agenda.
From the Paper "Ad Hominem: personal attacks of any kind are ad hominem attacks. Two examples would be Al Franken's loud denunciations of Bill O'Reilly and others while another would be someone dismissing George W. Bush's policies because he is (allegedly) "stupid". Ad Populum: Two examples of ad populum fallacies would be recent gall-up polls showing weak support for the war in Iraq and/or an argument that insists that "most people" do not want gay marriage or an end to abortion."
Abstract This paper reviews a 2003 meta analysis on studies focusing on the effects of presidential debate viewing. It discusses the issue that effect the outcome of elections. It also notes the importance of voters learning more about the candidates.
From the Paper "The issue being studied is whether presidential debates have an effect on the outcome of the elections by affecting the viewers' voting decisions. This question is crucially important for a variety of reasons as the authors point out. First and foremost of ..."
Tags: president, debates, meta analysis, significance, candiates, election
Abstract This five page undergraduate paper examines the central questions posed in Chapter Nine of Discovering America's Past, which all pertain to slavery and territorial expansion. The writer notes that the Wilmot Proviso Debate was just one of many battles fought in Congress in the decades before the Civil War over the primary question of whether slavery should be allowed in new territories. The writer further points out that this was the most crucial issue, for new territories ultimately became new states and subsequently sent senators and representatives to Congress.
From the Paper "Whenever a new state was admitted into the Union, the balance of power in Congress between slave states and free states was altered depending upon whether the new state permitted slavery or not."
This paper discusses, switching from logging and fishing to eco-tourism, the economy of two towns, Ucluelet and Tofino, located between the Pacific Rim National Park on the western Vancouver Island, Canada.
Abstract This paper explains that Tofino has already switched to an economy based on eco-tourism and is now overwhelmed with tourists and environmental activists; Ucluelet is still debatingecotourism and is facing major economic problems. The author points out that people working in tourist-based businesses are optimistic that the community will be well-served by an influx of eco-tourists; however, loggers and fishermen, who would be displaced, feel that tourism is low-paying, seasonal at best and unpredictable. The paper relates that the Ucluelet Chamber of Commerce and the Ucluelet Economic Development Corporation have developed a Smart Growth policy outlining a sustainable economy, which includes positions such as (1) undertaking development in a compact fashion, (2) supporting mixed use development, (3) protecting sensitive environmental areas and (4) integrating open space into daily living.
From the Paper "In both towns, the supply and affordability of housing is now a problem for those who are seasonally employed--many of whom live in the area all year--and for those who are employed year round, but have middle or lower incomes. Seasonal visitors will pay premium rates for rental units. The result in Tofino has been a lack of affordable year-round housing. In Ucluelet such pressures have not yet become as critical, but as it also grows, it may face housing problems similar to those experienced in Tofino. Affordable housing is seen in both communities as an important part of sustaining the community."
Abstract This paper discusses the 21st century ecotourism bubble and tourist enclaves. The paper discusses the reasons for these phenomenons around the world and how they are affecting tourism worldwide. The paper also looks at some of the fallacies of ecotourism and explains why ecotourism does not really provide what it says it provides.. The paper includes examples of tourist enclaves and ecotourism bubbles to explain its points.
From the Paper "Many will consciously avoid known tourist enclaves, aware that their interest in a visited place should be 'deeper' or less hedonistic than simply enjoying themselves in an attractive and affordable locality. On the other hand, one does come to know of other conventions that seem quite similar to the ecotourism criticized just now. For instance, when speaking with students have 'volunteered' in Commonwealth Caribbean countries or graduate students to have embarked on 'fieldwork' one learns that their efforts have very much been organized to form another kind of package-experience. If researching a subject of Barbados, for instance, a safe way has been found to be "in" the local society and observe - always, a certain voyeurism, at hand - and little sense of adventure displayed. If 'studying' poverty or social conditions for the poor, for instance, it seems unimaginable for researchers to stay with the people studied. In dozens of developing and developed countries, anthropologists engage in what seems another variety of tourism in that there can be much attention to reducing risk, not mixing with unsavory elements, not trying to see that they come to fully understand phenomena - not as presented to them by educated counterparts in the society they visit, but by people as opposed to 'subjects'."
Abstract This literature review studies various articles that highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the recent ecotourism trend. Even though the articles that were reviewed and summarized in this paper provide different perspectives and views on ecotourism, there is also a common belief found in all of the articles -the trend is towards learning and education in the industry. The paper explains why the learning process must be guided and managed and only this way, can new methods and techniques be established within the industry to make cultural and environmental learning an integrated and effective part of ecotourism.
From the Paper "This definition emphasizes the concept of responsibility towards the environment and this is in line with a growing tendency in the industry to focus on aspects of learning and education in ecotourism. This trend is seen by many to be integral to the ideals of environmental conservation through the process of insight and understanding. For this review various articles were selected from the literature that provided insight and illustrated the various problematics of this topic."
Tags: environment conservation, sustainability industry education
Abstract This paper examines how one of the fastest growing divisions of the tourism industry is a type of tourism that is nature-oriented and how the term "ecotourism" refers to tourism that involves travel to areas of natural interest for the purpose of observing wildlife and learning about the natural environment. The paper also discusses how environmental organizations as well as park agencies have supported the travel industry in endorsing nature travel as the trendiest environmental activity available that does not alter or harm the natural resources. The paper then argues, however, that ecotourism is far from being environmentally sound, and in fact does irreparable damage to the ecosystem.
From the Paper "Along with the increasing number of tourists that the system ecotourism draws to destinations, comes a high level of noise pollution. The tourists must get to the vacation area by either air travel or car transportation, both of which contribute greatly to noise pollution, especially in formerly desolate areas (Evans 229). Tourist areas also have an increased crime rate, as well as a high rate of drug use and prostitution (Evans 229). Local communities have the most to gain and the most to lose. Ecotourism can provide opportunities for communities to materially profit from their accommodations, food and guide services that they provide for the tourists, but the natives must protect their local environment. "
Abstract Standard English is described as "by far the most important dialect in the English-speaking world from a social, intellectual and cultural point of view" (Trudgill 1999;123). This suggests that the debate about Standard English is a multi-stranded one. This paper demonstrates how it can be divided into: a linguistic debate, which shows the rise of standard English as a direct result of certain historical event; a socio-cultural debate, which demonstrates the way that society often shapes its attitudes on stereotypes and assumptions about attributes of a speaker and their linguistic variety and a political debate, which shows the area of language attitudes as one with which presuppositions about social class have a significant relationship.
From the Paper ""Standard English refers to the 'structure of the language, i.e. its grammar and vocabulary', but it may be 'spoken in any accent' (Perera, 1994 cited by Brindley, 1996). Since the 1950's there has been a decline in the teaching of grammar in schools. Some educationalists have interpreted criticism on prescriptive grammar as criticism of grammar teaching in general. It has been found that English students are now entering universities with little knowledge of basic grammatical terminology (Milroy and Milroy, 1991). Honey (1983) says that English language teaching is in decline and blames the discipline of linguistics for this."
