Abstract
In this article, the writer delineates the economic objectives of government policy as maintaining full-employment or low-unemployment, maintaining price stability and promoting economic growth, as well as maintaining equilibrium in the international balance of payments.

From the Paper
"The objectives of government policy are both economic and non-economic in character. For purposes of this discussion the focus is on the economic objectives of government policy. Typically three economic objectives of government policy are delineated. These three objectives are maintain full-employment or low-unemployment, maintain price stability and promote economic growth in a way that balances the sub-objectives of high-levels of growth and sustainable growth. Frequently a fourth economic objective of government policy is delineated."

Tags:policy, government, full-employment, low-unemployment, economic growth, price stability

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to assess and examine whether the continuing process of economic globalisation has meant that national governments' policy choices have been seriously curtailed and constrained. Moreover, the writer asks, if such is indeed the case then what impact does this state of affairs have on the political realm both at the national and international level? It is categorically shown that the globalisation process has indeed ensured protracted and lasting curtailment of national economic decision making and that as such, many of the economic forces which now direct both national and international economic functions now occur at a level far beyond the sovereign auspices of the traditional nation state.

From the Paper
"The essential constraint placed on national economic policy making by the globalisation processes lies in the interconnected nature of modern economic functions. At every level of economic formation, forces of a transnational nature directly affect the internal economic outcomes of nation states. A clear exemplification of this tendency towards global impact can be seen with the recent financial crisis and consequent recession. Above all, although the crisis essentially began in a little known area of the American economy know as the 'subprime mortgage market', its impact quickly spread across the world. Now of course, such global economic phenomena are nothing new and in some cases predate the emergence of modern globalised functions. However, the speed with which every nation on the globe succumb to the crisis in finance and credit dwarfed that of even the crisis of capitalism in the 1930s brought about as result of the Wall Street Crash. "

Tags:Keynesian, demand, democracy, subprime, mortgage

Abstract
The paper analyzes the different approaches that might be used by Keynesian theorists and monetary theorists to promote long-run macroeconomic stability. In addition, the paper also examines the impact of persistent budget deficits on the trade deficit as well as the options available to policy makers as it relates to government deficits. The paper evaluates recent national economic policies as they relate to the magnitude of the trade deficit and examines arguments for protectionist policies in terms of any effects on the trade deficit.

From the Paper
"The following discussion analyzes the different approaches that might be used by Keynesian theorists and monetary theorists to promote long-run macroeconomic stability. In addition, the current study also examines the impact of persistent budget deficits on the trade deficit. The current study also analyzes options available to policy makers when national economists as it relates to government deficits. Recent national economic policies are evaluated as they relate to the magnitude of the trade deficit. Lastly, arguments for protectionist policies are examined in..."

Tags:trade deficit, budget deficit, keynes

Abstract
This paper examines the economic effect of three specific areas of government policy. It looks at the policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the policies incorporated into the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) and environmental protection policies. Some of the issues discussed include the effect of the Federal Reserve on the level of interest rates, the effect of ADA on the welfare of both insurance companies and people afflicted with AIDS and the health costs for persons residing in regions with severe air pollution.

From the Paper
"The use of the reserve bank discount window is a secondary activity to the Federal Reserve System's open market operations. The reserve bank discount window provides a source of temporary (overnight in most instances) funds to member banks (Board of Governors, Federal Reserve System, 1996). Of far greater significance is the discount rate the interest rate the Federal Reserve System charges to member banks when they borrow from the Federal Reserve banks. The influence of the discount rate is felt far beyond the realm of member bank borrowings from the Federal Reserve System, as changes in this rate tends to be reflected in changes in other interest rates throughout the economy (Marshall, 1998)."

Tags:federal, reserve, environment, disabilities, aids

Abstract
This paper reviews the ongoing debate over the question of privatization of the Canadian public health care system. This issue is of importance to policymakers given the Canadian public's intense interest in the issue, together with the fact that the current system appears radically flawed. The paper further discusses economic issues that are at the core of this debate are the high costs of a public system to the Canadian government, and the possibility of reducing costs through allowing privatization of some or all services.

Tags:health, policy, canada

From the Paper
" SOUTH AFRICA: EFFECTS OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT ON GOVERNMENT POLICIES

This research paper discusses the effects on foreign investment on government policies in South Africa, historically and with special reference to the post-apartheid period (1993-present). Even since it became a part of the global economy, foreign investment, both portfolio and direct investment, has played a critical role in the development of South Africa's mineral rich economy and has impacted the nature of that nation's political and social structure. The enforced segregation and backwardness of South Africa's black and colored (mixed race) and majority population and the accompanying system of political and legal oppression (apartheid) was a logical consequence of the manner in which foreign and domestic capital was employed, but by.."

Abstract
This paper first provides a brief overview of Milton Friedman's and Arthur Okun's views on the economic role of government and then addresses their differences. One of the main topics of the paper, however, is the way in which the scholars actually agree, which is only apparent after scratching below the surface a bit.

From the Paper
"Milton Friedman and Arthur Okun are considered by many to be on opposite ends of the spectrum when it comes to ideas about how to redistribute income from the rich to the poor. Friedman is by most definitions a conservative in this context, while Okun is usually placed in the liberal camp."

Tags:bucket, capitalism, conservative, freedom, government, leaky, liberal, policy, poverty, redistribution, tax

Abstract
This paper discusses population policy in China over the last fifty years with an emphasis on the one child policy instituted in the 1970s that has greatly reduced the growth rate in the population. As China seeks more and more economic ties to the West the policy of reduced family size and at times forced abortions is a public relations problem, much like child labor, prison labor and similar centrally controlled policies that run afoul of human rights.

From the Paper
"Population policies in the People's Republic of China reflect a real concern about population growth and the huge size of the population but are, at the same time, bound with issues of ideology and social control. Certain highly restrictive policies began in the 1970s and were deemed successful at reducing the size of the population, and especially the rural population. As China seeks more and more economic ties to the West, the policy of reduced family size and at times forced abortions is a public relations problem, much like child labor, prison labor, and similar centrally-controlled policies that run afoul of human rights."

Tags:china, population, policy

Abstract
One of the functions of the government is to maintain stability in the economy and create an environment conducive for economic growth. The paper discusses the differing roles of the government from supply side and demand side perspective. In supply side economics, the government may reduce tax rates to create incentives for households to save and for business to invest. In demand side economics, the government may increase its expenditure level. The paper shows how both have the effect of increasing national output. The writer states that government expenditure, however, depends on revenues, the level of which is determined by the tax policy in place.

From the Paper
"Supply side economics adheres to the idea that cuts in tax rates will lead to increase in potential GNP (Taylor, 1995, p. 549) Supply side economists claim that tax cuts have incentive effects on savings, investment and labor supply. (Dornbusch & Fischer, 1990, p. 697) Lower tax rates mean less tax on capital gains or asset earnings and this encourages people to save. A rise in savings increases the supply of financial capital or credit leading to a decrease in interest rates, the price of capital. This stimulates investment thereby creating jobs. At the same time, lower tax rates mean higher after-tax income or disposable income for workers, so reductions in tax rates encourage them to work more. This results to an increase in labor supply. Together with the rise in investments, this leads to an increase in production activities in the country boosting the national output and eventually expanding the tax base. "

Tags:tax, output, national, expenditure, investments, incentive, stability, growth, reagan

Abstract
The paper provides an analysis of the liberalization of the banking industry in China, with a specific focus on whether antitrust policy has been successful in the region and how it has impacted other macroeconomic factors in China. The paper explores economic policy related to government policy, liberalization policies or rules and the role of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in the liberalization efforts in the Chinese banking industry.

Outline:
Introduction
World Trade Organization and Liberalization Policies: How is the Chinese Banking Industry Affected?
Historical Structure of the Chinese Banking Sector
Why Liberalize the Banking Sector? A Critical Economic Analysis
Forms of Liberalization in the Banking Sector: Formal Changes in China
Liberalization of the Banking Industry in China: Was it Successful?
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Liberalization is a process of enhancing collective measures to integrate economies, not only via goods and services but via governance, investment, trade, and aid. As liberalization has progressed, it is clear that the most advanced countries have gained the most from the integration of economies; as such there is a widening gap between developed/advanced countries and developing/underdeveloped countries. Does liberalization favor high-income countries to low-income countries? The coffee industry highlights a common problem with many agricultural products that are marketed within developed regions - impoverished societies characterized poor development trends with a final product that is booming in the industry."

Tags:World, Trade, Organization, financial, institutions, market, forces