Abstract This paper discusses the key economicissues that are facing the city of Toronto. It examines municipal spending and the city's sources of income. The paper suggests that something substantial must be done to cut down on municipal spending - preferably by improving efficiency and accountability guidelines. The paper concludes by providing some practical recommendations to the Mayor.
From the Paper "The most important recommendation of all, however, is tied to helping the poor help themselves. This process will cut down on the need for heavy public subsidies of poor individuals insofar as men and women who are taught new skills can pursue new job opportunities in the marketplace. Additionally, money put towards job re-training programs should gradually replace social welfare outlays - not least of all because this is a more productive use of public funds and will cut down on expenses in the future. In pursuit of this educational objective, it is suggested that social welfare recipients in Toronto must indicate that they are taking educational courses for job re-training if they are to be eligible for certain types of public assistance. If we could do only one thing, job re-training would be the most important thing."
This paper reviews "EconomicIssues Today" by Robert B. Carson, Wade Thomas and Jason Hecht, which examines four issues from the viewpoint of three differing paradigms: Conservative, Liberal and Radical.
1,110 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 0 sources, 2005, $ 38.95
Abstract This paper explains that the first two issues, in "EconomicIssues Today" by Carson, Thomas and Hecht, are problems within the marketplace--American agriculture and consumer welfare; the format is similar in that it begins with an explanation of the problem, followed by a synopsis of the solution and then a complete breakdown of the solution by paradigm. The author points out that the third issue is dealing with externalities, asking the question of how society can save the environment: The conservatives argue for the "fair" method that incorporates a cost-benefit technique, the liberal argument is that the "free market" does not always "ensure society's well being" and the radical argument is that conventional market-directed and government-directed efforts are likely to be insufficient. The paper relates that the last issue is "Big Business" in which the definition of the problem relates to an explanation of the distinction between the competitive market structures of monopolistic competition, oligopoly and monopoly.
From the Paper "The introduction clearly and concisely explains alternative economic philosophies, beginning with a clarification of what happens "when economists disagree." It cites the example of George Soros, and acknowledges the economic debates of the Conservative, Liberal and Radical advocates. It also reminds the reader that alternative economic policies can become heated. The introduction then offers a general explanation of the role of ideology before the book then branches into specific dissections of the Conservative Paradigm, the Liberal Paradigm, and the Radical Paradigm, and uses examples of specific followers of each."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that in the last decade Toronto has had significant tourism issues that have been felt through events such as the terrorist bombings in New York, the SARS epidemic and the failure of small businesses across the region. The writer points out that for Toronto, a city with a vast population that is increasing in size each year, the reliance on tourism has always been significant. Yet, because of these factors the city has failed to meet the travel standards of many throughout the globe and travelers have consequently taken their ventures elsewhere. The writer then discusses that Toronto, failing to make the top ten list of "Travel and Leisure" magazine's cities to see is detrimental, because it means that yet another year will pass that will witness the city in economic decline. The writer concludes that it is evident that Toronto needs to formulate a plan using this concept that will allow the city to build its reputation in the travel industry once again and solve the continuing issues that are adversely affecting Toronto.
Outline:
Introduction
The Importance of Top Ten Lists
Results of the Failure to be Acknowledged
The Foundation of Tourism Problems in Toronto Sustainable Tourism
Tourism in Toronto Issues Surrounding Tourism in Toronto Opinions about the Issues The Need for Community Action
Governmental Concerns
Possible Solutions
Global Tourism
The Significance of Tourism across the Globe
Impact of Tourism
Affects on the Local Economy and the Local People
Attempts to Solve the Issue What Toronto has Attempted to Date
The Results of This Attempt
Answers for the Future
Working Together
Organizational Change
Conclusion
From the Paper "In the last decade Toronto has had significant tourism issues that have been felt through events such as the terrorist bombings in New York, the SARS epidemic and the failure of small businesses across the region. For Toronto, a city with a vast population that is increasing in size each year, the reliance on tourism has always been significant. Yet, because of these factors the city has failed to meet the travel standards of many throughout the globe and travelers have consequently taken their ventures elsewhere. Toronto, failing to make the top ten list of Travel and Leisure Magazine's cities to see is detrimental, therefore, because it means that yet another year will pass that will witness the city in economic decline."
Abstract This paper examines contemporary urban issues in Toronto and other Canadian cities. The author explores the concept that all cities faces challenges unique to their population. An example is where one city struggles to integrate new residents, other cities may struggle to keep its youth from relocating elsewhere. The paper concludes that each city struggles with its own specific urban issue.
From the Paper "Contemporary urban issues abound in Western cities. In fact, it can seem at times as if cities themselves exist without end of problems for policy and city planners to surmount. These problems are diverse and can encompass topics such as affordable housing, reliable public transportation, or infrastructure limitations. All of these problems, and many more, plague all Canadian cities to varying degrees. For example, one city might struggle with managing an influx of new residents while another city struggles to keep its youth from relocating elsewhere. Every city has urban issues that need to be
Abstract This essay deals with a number of economicissues raised by air pollution in developed and developing countries. The general argument is that although developed and developing countries have similar issues to deal with when it comes to air pollution, there are also important differences between the developed and developing countries in terms of air pollution. The paper goes on to say that the first major difference was the sources of air pollution. In developed countries air pollution mostly comes from motor vehicles like car, trucks and SUVs. In developing countries air pollution is coming from industrialization, car use and increasing energy consumption. In both developed and developing countries air pollution is a by-product of other economic activities.
Abstract Examines the economicissues leading to war with Britain. Examines slavery, agriculture, raw materials, manufacturing, trade and taxes.
From the Paper "By the 18th century, the relationship between the American colonists and Britain and the British Parliament had as its basis a complex pattern of economic ties and conditions. The fact that the American Revolution was initiated over taxes and economic independence more than any other single issue was no historical accident, for while Britain and the American colonies were tied together in a number of cultural, social and political ways, the relationship (as is the rule between a mother country and her colonies) remained at base an economic one. This paper examines the ways in which the economic performance of the American colonies affected the colonists' relationship with Britain, discussing the deterioration of that relationship in the years before the Revolution.
In some key ways, the Americans suffered in terms of their ..."
Abstract This paper answers a series of questions concerning economicissues and theories, touching on SWOT analysis, the concept of market failure, Stakeholder Theory and Corporate Social Responsibility. The paper also examines the determinants of supply and demand, elasticity, and the main arguments for and against Britain's full commitment to European monetary union, considering the benefits and the potential liabilities.
From the Paper "This company is well-established with computer users, serving a growing client base and offering new services in order to grow and to bring in even more users. Google today is the preferred search engine. The prominence of Google as a search engine and its importance as a provider of news and online storage gives it more strength than its competition. Weaknesses The company does remain vulnerable to other online services that may come along and provide the same services better. This is already what happened to make Google the preferred search engine over Yahoo! The company does not have a lock on the services it provides, and all are open to a reduction in the number of users when a different service offers something more."
Abstract Proponents of Toronto's Olympic bid argue that it will be an economic windfall for the city directly and indirectly. Its opponents argue that it will be economically costly and that it represents misguided public policy and expenditure. The experience of another Olympic venue (Barcelona, 1992) is outlined and then the debate about potential costs and benefits for Toronto is examined.
Tags: CANADIAN STUDIES AND ISSUES / SPORTS, toronto olympic bid
Abstract This paper presents a research proposal to examine Toronto's waterfront development and outlines the economic and social implications. The paper lists a number of questions for subsequent research to resolve. The paper concludes with the writer's firm contention that Toronto's dilemma needs to be resolved before Toronto can properly call itself a world-class city. A tentative bibliography is included with the paper.
From the Paper "To begin with, Toronto's tourism industry is a large one that employs literally thousands of Torontonians and contributes many millions of dollars each year to the local economy. Consequently, if the waterfront is not attractive to visitors there is the distinct possibility that they may look to other locations more "in tune" with their aesthetic sensibilities. Secondly, Toronto is a quickly-expanding city that is gradually running out of readily-available land. Because of this, the city will either have to begin purchasing lands adjacent to it - at considerable cost - or it will have to begin finding new areas within its limits that can be utilized for industrial or - just as importantly - residential use. Finally, the topic is important for psychological reasons, as well. That is to say, Toronto is a city eager to show the world that it is a world-class metropolitan center. Clearly, making the waterfront more attractive to outsiders is obviously a first step towards achieving a greater status relative to its American and European counterparts. As a result, the issue is a vital one that any one concerned about the future of Toronto should take seriously."
Abstract This paper provides a study of the theories of global cities and world cities in the Canadian context using the cities of Toronto and Montreal as examples. It looks at how Toronto, as Canada's foremost urban centre shows the signs of a rapidly changing and polarizing city, whereas Montreal has shifted to regional city-status. It also shows how the Canadian urban system can be used as an example for other small yet developed countries where the battle for urban supremacy is taking place.
From the Paper "Canada has long been a traditional immigration country, along with the US and Australia. Much of the immigration is centred towards the urban centres of Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver (source: Statistics Canada 2003). According to World City Theory, immigration is almost a prerequisite for growth, as a constant stream of low-waged workers are required to fill services such as workers in restaurants, and cleaning. Toronto's share is increasing, possibly due to the increased demand for workers in its growing economy, and the use of English - the global language. Quebec's policy of enforced learning of French has been quoted as impedance for immigrants, who would rather settle in Ontario or British Columbia. The extent of immigration into the urban centre in Canada has generally been impeded by federal schemes to spread out immigrants around peripheral areas such as Saskatchewan and Nova Scotia (see Statistics Canada)."
Abstract Racial profiling is a term used to define instances in which one ethnic group is subjected to police surveillance or detention more than any other group in society. The practice occurs when the race of the individual is more significant in causing police action than the suspicion of criminal acts. In instances in which racial profiling has been evident, the cause is generally because assumptions about particular racial groups exist within the police organization. This paper looks at the issue of racial profiling in the city of Toronto and how some organizations contend that racial profiling is a serious issue, which must be addressed while other professionals and community members suggest that racial profiling does not exist, and that the claims that have been made against the Toronto police are without merit.
This paper compares the urban pollution problems of Toronto and Beijing by evaluating the consequences of different environmental forms and how each city is addressing this pollution.
Abstract This paper explains that Beijing is very much a heavy industrial city dominated by fuel and material processing facilities with a high population density although signs of western-style suburbanization are appearing. The author points out that Toronto, which is cleaner and less dependent upon massive industrial works, is well-known for carefully weighing the implications of various urban design proposals upon local communities and has a less dense population; however, this city has the problem of more local vehicles causing far too much greenhouse emission. The paper stresses that China is not doing its part to combat global warming. The paper concludes that Beijing's infrastructure pales alongside Toronto's because its mass as a global "mega-city" makes it difficult for city planners to construct a city capable of comfortably accommodating its population.
From the Paper "At this juncture, it is appropriate to look more closely at Toronto in terms of its urban build form and in terms of commonplace life-style activities in the city that have some environmental impact. Unsurprisingly, the habitation density in the outer part of the city is much lesser than it is within the interior. The buildings are more widely-spaced and more diminutive in height; there are also many plazas and these plazas tend to have small retail stores within their embrace that accommodate almost all of the needs of a local inhabitant. Finally, there is plenty of "green space" in this area."
Tags: suburbanization, greenhouse gas, vehicles industry mega-city
Abstract This paper explains that the city of Toronto and the greater Toronto Area seems to be in the midst of a transitional period in terms of the transportation infrastructure of the urban region. The paper further explains that, while the decaying 20th century infrastructure and transportation systems have been recognized as requiring refurbishment and expansion, and all levels of government appear to be committed to these renovations, the nature and direction of these changes are still unclear.
Abstract In this article, the writer provides a comparison and contrast of two distinct Toronto electoral districts; one in the downtown core that has served as a traditional immigration reception area, and one in the suburbs. The writer points out that their social compositions is important for what it reveals the changing ethnic demographics of Canadian society. The writer looks at how these changes are shaping the urban landscape of the major cities. This essay argues that a comparative analysis of these two districts reveals the suburbanization of immigration in Canada, as now established immigrants seek to migrate internally within the city from the downtown to the suburbs. The writer maintains that this intra-migration is complemented by direct settlement of new immigrants from abroad into Toronto's suburbs, effectively bypassing neighbourhoods such as the famous Kensington Market that were defined by successive waves of immigration for much of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Outline:
Introduction
Social Composition: A Comparative Analysis of the Numbers
Ethnic Groups and Visible Minorities in the Landscape
Commentary
From the Paper "Thus, it may be argued that many of the visible signs of immigrant presence in this area are remnants of past settlement, and that the former immigrant settlers in this district have moved elsewhere in Toronto. Indeed, the fact that the Italian population in York West is more than double that of "Little Italy" suggests that many former Italian immigrants and/or their children may have moved from the downtown to the suburbs. In contrast to "Little Italy" which seems to be a "shell" of its former self, the Chinatown neighbourhood of Trinity-Spadina reveals how dominant this one ethnic group is in the visible landscape of the district; a visual dominance that reflects its 52.2 percent of the district's visible minority population."
Abstract In this article, the writer examines the Toronto Bike plan. The writer explains that the city of Toronto has many bicycle riders and that the authorities wish to encourage this form of transport. The writer discusses the planning and policy of the plan in this article. Further, the writer looks at the implementation and administration of the Toronto Bike plan.
From the Paper "The city of Toronto has many dedicated bicycle users. A Decima Research Poll in 1999 showed that 62% of Toronto households own a bicycle, and that 939,999 adults regularly bicycle in the city. Furthermore, an impressive 20% of Toronto residents regularly use their bicycle for transportation purposes, e.g. to work, school, shopping, etc. Another 28% regularly bicycle for recreational or exercise purposes. For its part, the City of Toronto states that it is committed to encouraging bicycling, and that the Toronto Bike Plan that it is currently working on is the latest evidence of this."
