Abstract
This paper explains that John Locke, in his Second Treatise of Government, presents a theory of the origins of economic inequality that is in sharp distinction to the views set out by French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau in his Discourse on the Origin of Inequality. This essay will compare and contrast these two theoretical models in order to outline the strengths and weaknesses of both. As will be seen, while both works are very similar in their imagined origins of economic inequality in the early history of property, they differ radically in how they represent property and the justifications for its differing accumulations that ultimately give rise to economic inequality. As will be argued, while Locke envisions property and moderate levels of economic inequality as a good thing, Rousseau condemns this inequality as a corrupting influence upon human society in every respect.

From the Paper
"Locke and Rousseau on Economic Inequality John Locke, in his Second Treatise of Government, presents a theory of the origins of economic inequality that is in sharp distinction to the views set out by French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau in his Discourse on the Origin of Inequality. This essay will compare and contrast these two theoretical models in order to outline the strengths and weaknesses of both. As will be seen, while both works are very similar in their imagined origins of economic inequality in the early history of property, they differ radically in how they represent property and the justifications for its differing accumulations that ultimately give rise to economic ..."

Tags:property, political, philosophy, view

Abstract
Inequality among human beings has been an issue of concern from times immemorial and some of the greatest thinkers in human history have sought to narrow the gap between the haves and the have-nots through their philosophy, teachings and efforts. The paper shows that, ironically, religion has contributed more towards the inequality of mankind than any other "philosophy" in the recent past. It is not only religion however that has been responsible for the inequality. The paper shows that the whole economic and financial structure of capitalism, international financial rules and globalization is loaded in favor of the rich and has resulted in widening of the gap between the rich and the poor. We are now living in a world in which this gap is so pronounced as to be positively grotesque. The saddest part of the dilemma is that inequality in our world is increasing by the day. This essay is about the background, reasons and the present state of socioeconomic inequality. It includes a discussion of the theories of some of the leading philosophers in history who have deliberated on the issue such as Karl Marx. It examines the leading economic theory of our times capitalism, and looks at its pros and cons. The present state of inequality in the world, the reasons behind rising inequality and its possible effects are also discussed.

From the Paper
"In the Western Christian world, inequality was accepted as a way of life due to the widespread feeling that the existing social structure based on equality was impossible to change. The early Christian Church teachings emphasized that somehow living in sin had created inequality and misery for mankind, and a life without sin would solve all injustices. It was only in the 17th and 18th century that philosophers like John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau began to teach the inherent equality of man and belief in the possibility of social transformation began to spread. This was followed by the spread of socialist and communist thought that predicted social transformation and the demise of inequality through violent revolution."

Tags:apartheid, Plato, Aristotle, Communist, Manifesto, Marxist, Bertrand, Russell

Abstract
This essay compares and contrasts two theoretical models regarding economic inequality. The first is presented by John Locke in his "Second Treatise of Government", which addresses the origins of economic inequality. The second, which is in sharp distinction to these views, is presented by French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau in his "Discourse on the Origin of Inequality". The paper outlines the strengths and weaknesses of both. It argues that, while both works are very similar in their imagined origins of economic inequality in the early history of property, they differ radically in how they represent property and the justifications for its differing accumulations that ultimately give rise to economic inequality. The paper concludes that Locke envisions property and moderate levels of economic inequality as a good thing, while Rousseau condemns this inequality as a corrupting influence upon human society in every respect.

From the Paper
"However, while there is a superficial similarity between how Locke and Rousseau each conceive of the state of nature, there is one important distinction between the two: property. While Locke conceives, as noted above, of an equality of property as existing in the state of nature, Rousseau contends that the innovation of property itself marked the ending of the state of nature and the beginning of human society.
"This is an important difference, and it goes to the heart of how each philosopher conceives of economic inequality. For example, it is clear from the outset of Rousseau's description of the state of nature and its defining characteristics that he sees property as not only a negative aspect of human society but as being fundamentally illegitimate as well."

Tags:government, ethics, human, nature, equality

Abstract
This paper critically examines the issue of growing economic inequality in China. It discusses the issue in terms of its historic development and how it has shaped China today. It also describes its implications for China's future social and economic evolution and discusses the reason that this problem has been masked in the popular view of China today as an economic superpower.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Ideology of Equality in Communist China
China's Economic Reforms and Increasing Inequality
The Scale Inequality in Contemporary China
Inequality and Political and Migration Pressures
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In conclusion, the increasing levels of inequality in China - not only in terms of rural vs. urban, but also inland vs. coastal - present a clear and present threat to the legitimacy of the Communist government given its ideological origins in socialist egalitarianism. While the economic development of China and its opening to world trade has brought great wealth and development to parts of the country, other parts have suffered even more so. The geographic localization of this problem in rural/inland areas, as well as the discontent of many migrant workers in the urban areas, represents a disturbing prospect for the future of not only stable economic development in China, but for the continued rule of the Communist party and political stability in China as a whole."

Tags:communism, migration, superpower

Abstract
This paper examines how America was built on the ideal that those who contribute to the nation's economic growth should reap some of the benefits and how, over the last two decades, however, the benefits of growth have been skewed in favor of the wealthiest people. It looks at how recent changes in the economy have benefited society, bringing greater wealth and lower employment rates to the country. It attempts to analyze whether this economic growth can achieve the necessary social goals of the nation, which aim to reduce poverty and the income gap between people.

Outline
Introduction
Causes of Economic Inequality
Arguments Concerning Economic Inequality
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In the early 1980s, trade and technology resulted in a "blue-collar disaster" because families struggled to maintain "living standards only by having fewer children, putting more members to work, and running up debt" (Allen, 1999, p. 1). Many people expressed outrage that people got poorer, while the country was obviously growing richer. However, there is a simple explanation for this. Although the country's economy was growing, but the "pieces were very unequally divided. The size of some people's pieces were growing faster than the pie itself is growing, which means other people's pieces had to shrink" (Watkins, 1999)."

Tags:economy, employment, wealth, poverty, welfare

Abstract
This paper examines this issue in terms of its historic development and how it has shaped China today, as well as its implications for China's future social and economic evolution. As is seen, one reason that this problem has been masked in the popular view of China today is that the world's view of China is a profoundly urban one, focusing on the obvious economic growth and new wealth in cities such as Shanghai. However, this focus ignores the profound poverty of China's rural and inland areas, which is not only a consequence of declining relative income but also a result of the decline of state support services as the bureaucracy has no incentives to assist this population. In this context, the thesis is argued that while this problem of inequality was probably inevitable given the inadequacies of the Chinese economy in the pre-reform era, unless the state focuses on successful achievement of initiatives to remedy this inequality, the resulting social discontent will threaten the fragile social and economic foundations of China's future.

From the Paper
"The popular view of China today is one of an economic superpower that has achieved incredible economic growth and increases in standard of living of its population over the past three decades. However, this popular view masks the underlying issue of growing economic inequality in China; an issue that, as numerous scholars and commentators upon China have observed, promises to have a profound impact upon the future of China. This essay will critically examine this issue in terms of its historic development and how it has shaped China today, as well as its implications..."

Tags:china, economic, modern

Abstract
This paper examines some of the current literature on the subject of "economic justice" to look at both sides of the picture, identifies a few major issues, and draws conclusions from the review. It explains that if we look at the economic conditions in the present day world we would find that we are further from the ideal of economic justice than ever before. It shows how this is reflected in the rising inequality between the rich and the poor, both at the intra-country and inter-country levels ,and the crippling debt of the under-developed countries.

From the Paper
"Reflecting the intellectual divide on most political and economic issues, there are basically two diametrically opposite views on the subject of economic justice. This is not necessarily a bad thing as it enables one to examine alternate opinions, but it does have the drawback of creating confusion it becomes hard to decipher fact from fiction as the opposing schools of thought tend to "bend" arguments to suit their view-points. In any case, the rightist/ neo-liberal point of view holds that the present economic world order (represented by globalization and laissez faire economy, supported by the Bretton Wood institutions) is the path leading to global economic salvation. The leftist or alternate point of view propagates that the present economic order is promoting growing inequality between the rich and the poor and is the antithesis of "economic justice.""

Tags:bretton, wood, globalization, poor, debt, third, world

Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that social inequality is an inevitable result of the unstable and unique status of mankind as free-thinking and non-homogenous. The writer notes that in the modern world, social inequality is applicable primarily to the economic income and worth of an individual, which determines his position in the stratum of today's society. According to the writer, should an individual be suffering the throes of social inequality and be down and out financially, indebted and in need of the essentials, deviance sometimes becomes the only viable option. The writer concludes that protest drops from the floods of discontent, for the most part at the behest of economic inequality, while an individual's ability to rise above that which constrains and dismays his is largely dependent upon his economic status.

Outline:
Personal life changes
Deviance
Protest
Conclusion

From the Paper
"While the segregation of a particular race within the constraints of these three attributes seems illogical, it was done in the study, however in reality, it is likely that any individual who should come forth from a stable home environment, with quality educational partners, essentially meaning they attend a school where the other students are also interested in learning and advances, also indicative of a stable home environment, are able to advance just as well as Roman Catholic whites. The ability to make personal changes in life within the confines of one's mind is limited only by the mental roofs created by the individual, with knowledge and physical power readily attainable through dedication and training. However, for material changes in the realm of possessions, money is necessary, which may be accomplished by a tight adherence to the aforementioned training, to rise above the level of normality and thus deserve a higher compensation than the masses to thereby rise above the depths, from a Metropolitan point of view."

Tags:wealth, economic, status, stable

Abstract
This paper reviews the articles "Inequality in America: The Failure of the American System for People of Color", written by Edna Bonacich and"Still Separate, Still Unequal: America's Educational Apartheid" by Jonathan Kozol. The paper explores Bonacich's claims that racial inequality is rooted in economic inequality, and also explains Kozol's contests on the belief that the public school system in the United States is no longer segregated. The author analyzes how Kozol's indictment of the educational system illustrates the problem with which Bonacich is concerned with.

From the Paper
"Describing the unequal distribution of wealth, benefits, and property in the United States, Bonacich is able to demonstrate the large difference between the bottom of the social and economic basement and the top. Furthermore, she maintains that those few found in the elitist position are able to reap the benefits of material wealth such as social status, political voice, and job availability. The middle class' role in this hierarchy can be depicted as the "semi-elite," given a better social and economic standing by the dominating high class as compensation for there services. Their sole purpose is to keep this system of inequality in balance by regulating the poor class. While the utter poor find themselves living in impoverish conditions, working undesirable jobs, and seen as social scum. She asks how are those located at the bottom of the system going to strive to better them selves if there is no hansom reward for their work and how much harder does person making a six figure salary work than one making only a four figure; proclaims that those found at the bottom are seemingly trapped in this basement."

Tags:racial inequality, capitalism education

Abstract
This paper explains the relationship between economic growth and economic inequality and includes information from several studies that have been written on this subject. The paper identifies all the factors that contribute to this inequality and explains that it can have both negative and positive influences on different markets depending on their status. In conclusion the author states that the relationship between inequality and economic growth does not manifest in the same manner in each country.

Outline:
Introduction
Economic Growth and Economic Inequality
Conclusions

From the Paper
''However, it is obvious that economic inequality can have negative or positive, direct or indirect effects on economic growth, and it also affects both developing and developed countries.
Also, there is a very clear distinction between old theories in the field and new, modern ones. Initial theories state that inequality generates economic growth. The theory is embraced by the republicans. They consider that inequality would help stabilize the economy in the financial and economic crisis and it would also help sustain the economy in the future. However, such theories are only partially supported or not supported at all by empirical findings.
''Modern theories agree upon the fact that a more equal economic situation would be more favorable for macro economies. The theory is supported by the democrats. Their opinion is based on the idea that it is better to help everyone in these circumstances generated by the financial crisis in order to diminish the income inequality between individuals.''

Tags:theories, growth, financial