Abstract This paper reviews and discusses "Returning to Dwell in Gardens and Fields I," written by Tao Qian. It describes his work as an elegant and rather autobiographical poem and describes the context in which Qian wrote it. The paper discusses the content of Qian's poetry and the messages that are revealed through it to the contemporary reader.
From the Paper "As Owen expressed it, the mistake might be made, the poem seems to be saying, of mistaking Tao Qian for a farmer, for he may be seen to work at clearing scrub from the edges of his property, but he explains in the poem that he does not compare himself to the farmers, or to the officials known in the cities, so much as he speaks to humanity or understanding persons, of whatever origin, who might sense the reasons for his choice and departure from a town life that others might very much covet. (See Mirror 234) His poem has done as Tao Qian feels he must, in explaining himself. He writes as though knowing his reader will understand, perhaps a person like himself faced with similar realizations, or having made similar choices. The whole idea of true nature is debatable in that the poet argues he belongs where he was in youth whereas other readers will argue that as a self-conscious farmer, able to describe his present life in relation to something else, that Tao Qian is forever differentiated. As Owen points out, Tao Qian stresses the unity of the self and of the chosen role but even these give away his doubleness, the reader learning how to presume nothing from surfaces and wondering "how inner and outer can be brought together, again." (Mirror 79)"
Abstract The writer examines Heidegger's view of architecture in terms of his talismanic building, dwelling and thinking. The writer discusses Heidegger's poetics as the building blocks for the world and the loss of the world in modern times. In this paper, the writer studies what Heidegger means by "building," "dwelling" and "thinking."
From the Paper "In order to understand Heidegger's view of architecture and its role in society, it is important first of all to understand what Heidegger has to say about technology, as well as his talismanic approach to construction. This construction needs to be recognized not so much as a literal constructing of objects in the physical world, but rather as a way of looking at that world-and as a way of using that world so that human beings become part of the world rather ... "
Abstract This paper provides a description of the early and later architectural designs of the Roman houses, villas, and apartments. The author offers a historic view of the designs found in excavations and on mosaics and discusses the social relevance of certain architectural designs.
From the Paper "Architecture was outstanding among the Roman arts. Many of the outward forms of Roman architecture were taken over from the Greeks. It was through Rome that these forms became the common language of a great part of the tradition of western architecture. Connections between Greek houses and Roman ones provide important context both for Roman villas planned around peristyles as well as for the luxuriousness of the decoration and contents of late republican and early imperial houses and villas. This Greek luxury was a matter of some ambivalence for the Romans. Certain members of the Roman elite were eager to emulate the model of Hellenistic taste as found in Greek palaces of the fourth century B.C. and later (Robertson, 1986). But there has been a change of attitude about Hellenistic influence on architecture, painting, and mosaics: scholars are now stressing the ready naturalization of Greek art and ideas in the Roman context rather than using Roman art to reconstruct a hypothetical Hellenistic original (Jones, 2001)."
Tags: architecture, excavation, hadrian, mosaic, ostia, pompeii, roman, villa
Abstract This paper comments that, while living in cities provides obvious benefits such as art and culture, access to food and medicine and trade, there is an adverse effect as well. The paper refers to a number of articles by Brechin, Pena, and Foster, among others, who all write on the subject. The writer concludes that, while each article may have some value, the reality is that we do live in cities and, at least in the foreseeable future, will continue to do so.
From the Paper "There must be few citizens of the 21st century ? at least few who are citizens of both the 21st century and the First World ? who do not view the city as a problematic accomplishment of humanity. Certainly, cities are the highest expression of human civilization, at least in some ways: They support the flourishing of the arts and culture, of haute cuisine and high-tech medicine, of universities and research labs. But cities are also the expressions of the worst that humans have created, both in terms of how we treat each other and in terms of how we treat the planet, as the readings that we are examining for this paper argue. The city is many things, but it is and always has been essentially a site of commerce, and the basing of relationships upon commercial grounds is never unproblematic."
Abstract This paper examines the techniques employed by Emily Dickinson in the poems "I Dwell in Possibility" and "They Shut me up in Prose." The paper examines the author's background as an orthodox Calvinist and examines the effect that her childhood religious influences had on her poetry. The essay makes the point that Dickinson's poetry was often a vehicle for her criticisms about organized religion and the role of the church. Both poems are cited within the essay.
From the Paper "The limitlessness of the imagination is symbolized in both poems by metaphors that represent the power of creativity and how it can be spiritually enlightening. By relating the ordinary to the extraordinary, Dickinson shows the power of the mind to see beyond the mundane and find deeper meaning within it. The house in "I dwell in Possibility-" is portrayed as ethereal and divine. The roof is "Everlasting" and it has "Gambrels of the Sky" (7 - 8). The roof is described as being impossibly tall, reaching up towards the sky, symbolic of the imagination's ability to find spirituality within everyday existence. In the poem, she also is figuratively able to hold Heaven in her hands: "The spreading wide my narrow Hands/ to gather Paradise - "(11 - 12)."
Abstract The paper discusses how Claude S. Fischer's ethnographic study "To Dwell Among Friends: Personal Networks in Town and City" argues with the findings of Georg Simmel and the sociologists of the Chicago School who felt that urban life had detrimental effects on the well being of the vast majority of citizens in the United States. The paper explains Fischer's essential argument that urbanism produces a different style of life, but has no visible effect on one's quality of life. The paper further explains his theory of subcultures that shows that urban environments offer more opportunities of social exchange and networking than rural environments. The paper also asserts that while Fischer's analysis is useful, with the advent of Internet we must ponder the nature of urban life from a more contemporary perspective.
From the Paper "Fischer sharply disagrees with earlier findings on the detrimental effects that urban life has on its inhabitants. Based on his research, he draws the conclusion that whereas urban life may have once been distinguishable from rural life, at the time of his writing (the early 1980s), those differences had been nearly erased. There was no longer any such thing as "urban life" or "rural life," Fischer concludes - just a national life. The extent to which people in American society differed from one another was not rooted in where they lived, but in other factors - particularly their level of education and income, as it is these two factors that seem to have the biggest influence on the extent of one's social network."
Abstract This paper discusses how granny flats, a colloquial term often used for accessory second dwelling units, are best described as the converted use of space in a residential home into a small apartment. It examines how in California most often this means converting part or all of a garage into an apartment or flat and how the advantages of converting the extra space into living units is often in providing a source of income for the owners of the house. It evaluates how the State of California requires that local governments allow second dwelling units in single-family districts. It looks at how granny flats mostly meet the same housing construction and safety codes of more traditional housing. It shows how they offer low-cost alternatives to apartments for those on a fixed income such as the elderly or those with disabilities who are receiving assistance. In addition they are an alternative to warehousing older generation Americans who cannot afford to live independently.
From the Paper "Ordinances vary widely from city to city in the state. Many municipalities have tried in the past to severely regulate the use of granny flats by their residents. California Court of Appeal struck down just such an attempt in Santa Monica, which had an ordinance on the books that restricted, who can live in second units in single family residential zones. The court found that the ordinance it violated both privacy and equal protection rights. The ordinance restricted occupancy to dependents and caretakers. It was approved by the City Council at the urging of residents, in spite of legal warnings from attorneys as well as City staff."
Attempts to answer the question of how a non-monotheistic religion, such as Jainism, offers a credible alternative to a monotheistic religion, such as Christianity.
2,780 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 2 sources, 2001, $ 82.95
Abstract The author of this paper looks at the language of logical argumentation, and its need for proofs which he contends has a grounding in the cultural zeitgeist born of monotheistic Christianity. He further contends that the purpose of both is to somehow escape the historically and socially located perspectives from which we see or speak, seeking for incontrovertible, singular, and non-contradictory Truths.
From the paper:
"Should we not, ethically speaking, imagine that Jainism is not in anyway dependent for its worth on the lens through which it is observed? Does it not, in a certain sense, already have an experience-independent existence, unless we assume phenomenology? But the problem is that the philosophical inquiry in Yandell begins with the assumption that religions need to somehow defend the truth value of their claims. While monotheistic Christianity dwells in the house of dependency and the subjugation to the prying eyes of a radical Other, like God; Jainism does not."
From the Paper "Should we not, ethically speaking, imagine that Jainism is not in anyway dependent for its worth on the lens through which it is observed? Does it not, in a certain sense, already have an experience-independent existence, unless we assume phenomenology? But the problem is that the philosophical inquiry in Yandell begins with the assumption that religions need to somehow defend the truth value of their claims. While monotheistic Christianity dwells in the house of dependency and the subjugation to the prying eyes of a radical Other, like God; Jainism does not. "
Abstract This paper takes an in-depth look at one of Colorado's most interesting cities, Manitou Springs. The author discusses the history of the city, early explorers and denizens, and the ancient rock formations which makes Manitou Springs a tremendous tourist attraction. The paper looks at such Manitou sights as Pike Peaks, Garden of the Gods, and the Dawson formation.
From the Paper:
"Besides being home to a number of top-notch, countrywide renowned historic restaurants, as well as many desired locality eateries, Manitou Springs has a broad range of first class lodgings: an historic hotel, many exclusive Victorian bed& breakfasts, traditional motels, warm boutique motels quality motor inns, cabins by Fountain Creek, and secluded wooded campgrounds. What makes Manitou Springs the most absolute Colorado experience is the lure of the surrounding of the city. You can reach to the top of the Pike Peaks through the Manitou and Pikes railway station which has the elevation of 14,110. The Cave of the winds, will lead to the vivid pits of Colorado but very soon you will be back in time by the majestic view of Miromont Castle and the Cliff Dwellings Museum. "
Abstract This paper looks at the many similarities in Emily Bronte's "Wuthering Heights", and Charlotte Bronte's novel, "Jane Eyre". The author discusses the gothic elements present in both books: the dark, the hidden, the secrets, and the brooding characters like Heathcliff and Mr. Rochester. The paper examines the element of the occult in both novels: ghosts, visions, the dead Catharine, and insane Bertha Mason Rochester.
From the Paper:
"
Traditionally, Gothic elements were constituted by the ambiguous, the chaotic, the unenlightened, the supposedly irrational, the dark, the hidden, and the secret. According to literary handbooks, Gothic is a matter of d?cor and mood, of an obscurely pleasurable terror, of the nostalgic melancholy of ruins and of remote times and places. Conventions familiar in Gothic narratives include a vulnerable/curious heroine, a wealthy/enigmatic hero/villain, and a grand, mysterious dwelling concealing violent secrets."
Abstract This paper discuses the issue of gender roles in Charlotte Lennox's book "The Female Quixote". It focuses on the main character Arabella and how she manages to make the world revolve around her. It looks at the issue of female empowerment, relationship between the sexes and how these relate to modern day.
From the paper:
"Charlotte Lennox's "The Female Quixote" decries the influence of romantic novels on its main female protagonist, Arabella. Like Cervantes? Don Quixote, a reading of romance novels, tales of beautiful women and their influence on men, and of their being the center of the world they dwell in, with everything seeming to revolve around their person, ostensibly seeks to expose the delusions of such women. By putting the onus of such delusions upon the romance, they decry fictions, or at least the genre of fiction that goes by the name of romances. However, a reading of the novels brings forth the great truth that it is neither the romantic fiction, nor its misreading and misinterpretation by the main protagonists of these two novels and others of their kind, but the entire gamut of gender relations that can be held responsible and that needs to be probed further as the cause of such delusions. "
Abstract In this paper the author makes a psychological analysis of a 16 year old youth who is demonstrating various recognized symptoms for negative affectivity. The author looks at all of the symptoms and attempts to asses what has led both to the symptoms and behavior of the youth. The author considers the youth's relationship with his parents and siblings and also the effect on the youth of his brother's death.
From the paper:
?Vacillations such as declaring himself an atheist one minute and praying to God the next Caulfield is in a flux of coming to terms with his own identity, not an uncommon trait among teens. The difference in Caulfield's behavior and normal "growing pains" are the extreme inter personal negativity, paranoia (e.g. knowing he is going to die from cancer because of a canker sore), and the descent into delusional behavior (e.g. speaking with his dead brother).?
This paper examines the everyday life of Clergy in Moldavia and Wallachia during the 17th century. It examines how they managed to live together in peace despite the wars raging around them.
Abstract The paper focuses on the everyday life of the clergy from Danubian Principalities in the 17th century. Followers of different religions like Orthodox, Catholics and Protestants were dwelling within a narrow area and had to find the means to live together as peacefully as possible. At the same time, they had to obey to the stern rules that were issued by the ecclesiastical authorities.Therefore very often they had to comply with the local customs and to borrow from the other faiths in order to be accepted by the local community.The paper provides some answers about how the priests managed to cope with this situation.
From the Paper The paper focuses on the way the Catholic, Orthodox and Protestant clergy led their lives and interacted among them in Moldavia and Wallachia. The essay covers especially first half of the 17th century although the data should be understood as an approximate signpost of an historical small-scaled research than as fixed boundary. Little study on this topic and area is available in Romanian or Hungarian and particularly in English. Thus research for the paper was conducted by using only the published Franciscan reports on the area as primary sources.
Tags: catholic, clergy, franciscans, orthodox, protestant, society
This paper looks at the Smart Growth initiative, an initiative started to increase the quality, distribution and supply of affordable housing for low-income earners.
Abstract This paper is an analysis of the Smart Growth Initiative and its affect on the population that is searching for affordable housing. The author details the initiative including its goals, target audience, environmental concerns and successes and failures. The paper also includes the discussion of economic, social and environmental costs of current development patterns and how smart growth provides alternatives to current development patterns, in addition to investigating what it means for affordable housing quality and supply. Land use and planning strategies are also discussed in detail. The author also presents and analyzes a case study of Accessory Dwelling Units (ADU?s) in Cary, North Carolina as a means for the reader to see an actual example of how smart growth can affect affordable housing.
From the Paper "Current development patterns were driven mainly by public policy. The development patterns are characterized by a separation of uses, dependency on automobiles and the consumption of space in suburban and ex-urban areas. This pattern is supported by strict zoning regulations, transportation systems and a lack of coordination in planning. This is important, because these factors are also obstacles to making changes.
The booming economy of the 1990's has seen housing and rental costs increase at more than twice the rate of inflation. This has meant that many low-income owners are now unable to find affordable housing. Low-income earners are forced into substandard housing, forced to live in areas where affordable housing is available but at the expense of good security or good schooling, or forced to be homeless."
From the Paper "The Long-Horned Sculpin (Myoxocephalus octodecimspinosus)
The sculpins, or cottids, are a widespread family. The fish live near the sea floor. Perhaps they are most easily recognized by their eyes. These are large, and placed high on the head. To some, the cottids may appear strange-looking, or even ugly. Nonetheless, the fish are important ecologically. The long-horned variety, Myoxocephalus octodecimspinosus, is an unremarkable sculpin.
Myoxocephalus octodecimspinosus belongs to the phylum Chordata, the subphylum Vertebrata, and the superclass Gnathostomata. A ray-finned fish, M. octodecimspinosus is also a member of the class Actinopterygii. The species further belongs in the division Teleostei, the subdivision Euteleostei, the superorder Acanthopterygii, and the order Scorpaeniformes (Nelson.."
