Abstract
This paper examines and compares Mahatma Gandhi's work, "Hind Swaraj", Gotthold Ephraim Lessing's play, "Nathan the Wise", and Svetlana Palmer and Sara Wallis' book, "Intimate Voices from the First World War", in an effort to explore how these philosophers viewed issues of morality, happiness, and duty. After examining each of the works, the paper poses the question, "is there happiness in fulfilling ones duty?". The paper then answers that each man has to determine that for himself.

From the Paper
"Gandhi was a true believer in the laws of karma. Causation and retribution he believed linked all people together. He believed that through an action there is personal growth and moral awareness. Gandhi firmly believed that man reaps what he sows. One of his most famous quotes reflecting how man should behave is as follows: "An eye for an eye is a terrible way to blind the world." How does this relate to happiness, duty and morality? Morality is easy to see in Gandhi's ideology."

Tags:non-violence country friendship sacrifice, free will

Abstract
This paper chronicles the efforts of the Bush Administration to pass the CAFTA, the Central America Free Trade Agreement. The author explains of its benefits. The paper delineates the problems of this legislation.

From the Paper
" On January ..., President Bush announced that the United States would explore a free trade agreement with the countries of Central America. The President said his Administration would work closely with Congress towards this goal. The President added that the purpose of this initiative was to strengthen the economic ties the United States already had with these nations and to reinforce their progress toward economic political and social reform. The Central American Free Trade Agreement CAFTA is a proposed agreement between the United States and Guatemala, ..."

Tags:Cafa, free trade, central america, opposition, nafta, trade barriers, duties, international trade, benefits

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the will is central to Kant's consideration of the metaphysics of morals. The will, as normally understood, is not really free, but carries with it the potential of freedom if it follows the moral law. In doing so the individual acts with autonomy, and then they are the natural 'law-givers' in a 'kingdom of ends'. The last is a postulated place where all ends are universal, and thus are ends in themselves. This essay argues that such a place is not realizable by deliberate means. The writer maintains that Kant is not really imposing the standard of "infallible reason", but rather his concerns are with metaphysics. His overriding aim is to establish a solid foundation for metaphysics.

From the Paper
"When we exercise free will we are motivated by the promise of tangible gain. At the grossest level it is material gain that we aim for. Such gain has more euphemistic representations, e.g. happiness, utility, convenience, and so on. But however euphemistically we may word such motivation, we may never describe it as universal. It is always contingent, and when the contingency expires the gain is lost. We may be motivated to work hard towards a college education when our goal is a respectable standing in society. As long as we are students the motivation is meaningful. But after we a settled in a white collar job the motivation disappears, replaced by others even more forceful, in which mere respectability is not enough, but we want to be further admired among the 'respectable'. However highly we may eulogize respectability, death brings an end to whole game, and we cannot take our respectability with us to the grave. Some contend that the great among men live on in memory. But memory too fades, and oblivion is the inevitable end result."

Tags:morals, pure, reason, enlightenment, foundation, thought

Abstract
This paper is an attempt to show how Kant's ideas concerning practical and transcendental freedom of the will were a significant correction to the parallel theories of David Hume. The writer starts out by clarifying Hume's critique of free will, and how he arrives at the conclusion that the will is properly beyond analysis. For this reason Hume declares metaphysics to be impossible. The writer notes that Kant's task is to rescue metaphysics from this crisis. He does not deny that metaphysics is impossible, yet he sets out on the task of analyzing the will. The writer then discusses that Kant does not aim to provide metaphysics, but only to restore faith in the act of thinking. His explicit aim is for clarity in thinking. The essay goes on to outline the metaphysics of Kant in some detail and assesses how far it is successful in its aim.

From the Paper
"After impact with the first ball the second could have taken any one of an infinite number of trajectories. But it takes only one, and indeed we expect it to take only that one. A physicist may come along and try to convince us that it could not have taken any other trajectory because the laws of motion stipulates that, with the initial conditions given, the path it takes is the only possible one. But this is not an answer to the observer of the billiard ball, because he doesn't care what the laws of physics are. If nature had followed another mathematical law then another outcome would have been just as valid. The observer could then have framed his conundrum differently: Of the infinite possible mathematical laws why just that one? There is nothing in the inner logic of the situation that dictates that the first ball should produce exactly the prescribed trajectory in the second."

Tags:reason, enlightenment, skepticism, duty, pure

Abstract
A comparison of Arnold Toynbee's "Challenge and Response" and Tim O'Brien's "The Things They Carried." The paper discusses the concept of duty versus free will and explains the concept of duty overriding free will when the stakes are high, such as in war.

From the Paper
"The struggle between duty and free will is evident in most human endeavors. Whether it be duty to God or patriotic duty to one's country, it is the human actor who must determine to endure harsh struggles and environment out of duty and often in spite of free will."

Tags:Vietnam War, Faust, God, patriotism, combat, struggle, human existence, fear, choice

Abstract
The paper looks at how the proposed agreement between Canada and the United States to resolve the softwood lumber dispute has a number of provisions binding both the United States and Canada. The paper explains that it ensures that for at least seven years, Canadian softwood lumber exporters will have access to up to 34 percent of the United States market in this industry, and it also requires that the United States return 78 percent of the $5 billion it has collected in countervailing and anti-dumping duties on Canadian lumber exports since May 2002. In addition, the paper relates that the agreement requires that Canada impose an export tax on softwood lumber sent to the United States if the price of this lumber drops below $355 per thousand board feet. Finally, the paper discusses how the agreement notes that the Atlantic provinces of Canada are exempt from the agreement.

From the Paper
"The proposed agreement between Canada and the United States to resolve the softwood lumber dispute between the two countries has a number of provisions binding both the United States and Canada. It ensures for at least seven years that Canadian softwood lumber exporters will have access to up to 34 percent of the United States market in this industry. It also requires that the United States return 78 percent of the $5 billion it has collected in countervailing and anti-dumping duties on Canadian lumber exports since May 2002. In addition, the agreement requires that Canada..."

Tags:busines, canada, trade

Abstract
This paper states that the most important relationship for a store to maintain is the relationship between the employees and the public; therefore, the store should evaluate the training of its employees. This paper describes, in detail, the entire research project, which used a questionnaire and basic statistical analysis, and the outcomes of the questionnaire. The author concludes that, although the participants rated the training program as only "moderate," the program does fulfill its basic purpose of training the employees to perform the various jobs within the store. Attractive presentation.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Research Objectives
Methodology
Participants
Research Design
Sampling Procedures
Variables and Measures
Data Collection Procedures
Data Analysis
Overall Assessment of the Training
Length of Initial Training Program
Retail Experience
Sales Training
Results to Open Ended Questions
Results of Cross Tabs
Overall Assessment of Training
Length of Initial Training Program
Effectiveness of Individual Training
Value of the assignment of a co-worker
Number of Sales Training Programs
Discussion
Limitations to the Study
Conclusions and Recommendations
Summary
Questionnaire With Measurement Requirements
Questionnaire

From the Paper
"The most important relationship for the store to maintain is its relationship between the employees and the public. The employees represent the major link between the store and the public; therefore, it is in the store's best interest to ensure its employees are highly trained and oriented towards customer's needs. Ambassador Duty Free is in direct competition with the duty free store at the tunnel. Providing employees with effective training and product knowledge will improve their customer service skills and encourage customers to patronize the store."

Tags:questionnaire, statistics, measurement, outcomes, retail

Abstract
This paper discusses the value of a legal obligation as opposed to a moral one. The paper makes references to two documents, "On the Duty of Civil Disobedience" by Henry David Thoreau and "Letter from Birmingham Jail" by Martin Luther King. Both Thoreau and King address the issue of moral obligation versus legal obligation, in which an individual experiences conflict with the government and society as s/he tries to follow his/her free will as a member of the society and the rules and laws imposed by the government at the same time.

From the Paper
"In his discourse, Thoreau asserts, "That government is best which governs least," which means to say that the least government intervention in the society results to a better state of civil society. This is because he thinks that the government is susceptible to manipulation by people with vested interests, who consider the government as an institution that can be used to provide greater privileges to other people and not the society in general. Thoreau contends, ?But a government in which the majority rule in all cases can not be based on justice, even as far as men understand it."

Tags:government, law, society, civil

Abstract
Discusses varying perspectives of effect on protectionist duties on goods. Examines politics as determining economics, market forces, and geopolitical market dynamics.

From the Paper
"This research examines the debate within the discipline of International Political Economy (IPE) on the connection between three subject areas-free trade, economic growth, and interna.tional power relations-from the perspectives of Realism, or neo-..."

Abstract
This paper explains that Puerto Rico, a commonwealth of the U.S., is located in the Caribbean Sea, one of over 7,000 tropical islands called the West Indies, is a high tourist area because of its breath-taking beauty. The author points out there is an argument about Puerto Rico becoming a state, which would lead to assimilation into the United States' culture, or remaining a commonwealth, a nation separate from the United States; however, the United States has a strong argument when it says that either Puerto Rico joins in on all the responsibilities of being a state or receive none of the benefits, if it does not become a state. The paper relates that the economy of Puerto Rico has had the benefit of a duty-free status, which has brought American owned companies; but, even though there is a minimum wage, there are not enough jobs and therefore there is a marked migration of Puerto Ricans to the United States.

From the Paper
"Ignorance about Puerto Rico on behalf of Americans has existed for many years. Most Americans do not know that Puerto Ricans use American currency, that one cannot drive to Puerto Rico, and that every person born on the island is an American citizen. Many Americans are angry that Puerto Ricans receive welfare benefits and citizenship and yet they do not pay into the U.S. Treasury. However, these beliefs about Puerto Ricans are un-educated because in fact, "Against their will, Puerto Ricans have been U.S. citizens since 1917" (Cueto, Fernandez, Mendez ix). In order to fully understand why this is, it is important to study the history of the Puerto Rican people and then to utilize this knowledge to educate other Americans."

Tags:duty-free, commonwealth, state, copper, tourism