Abstract
This paper examines a primary source document printed in 1674 on a duel that occured between two women in a village who were competing for the love of a single man who lived in that village. The paper presents some information about the history of dueling, its role in English society, as well as the nature of the primary document itself and its intended audience.

Tags:duel, england, history

Abstract
This paper discusses the history of the English duel in the 17th century. The paper looks at the reasons for duelling - commonly over women, because of rival factions, over public office, because of family quarrels or inheritance and because of disputed honorifics. The paper suggests that far from being the ideal of nobility, duelling was in fact a sport of violence by which comparatively minor offenses were settled by blood. It then specifically analyzes women and dueling at that time and analyzes "The Female Duell," attributed to Thomas Toll.

From the Paper
"We could expect readers of the era to peruse this tale with a superficial sense of morality and civil decency that perhaps masked a deeper, more perverse, desire to read a story about two women who went out to fight formally over the love of a man. We can expect that then, as now, such a situation might have been the fantasy of more than one Englishman. Despite the fact that there are historical examples of women engaging in duels, fighting in battles, and even living as highwaymen, it was still much more rare than the sight of two men fighting over the love of a single woman. For the situation to be reversed highlights the extremes to which even the fairer sex can go in the name of love."

Tags:honor, morality, battle

Abstract
This paper analyzes and contrasts two sonnets written respectively by the British WWI poets Rupert Brooke and Siegfried Sassoon: "The Soldier" and "Dreamers". The writer discusses how both poets modified the traditional structure of the sonnet to accomplish their poetic ends. Brooke's poem is elegiac in tone, focusing on national identity and acquiescing in death as a doorway to eternity, while Sassoon's is a bitter and ironic protest against the injustice and inhumanities of war.

From the Paper
"Sassoon writes in a voice of protest, not acquiescence, unlike Brooke, despite his use of the sonnet form. "Dreamers" begins with a striking image, the image of soldiers going off to war, presumably by train to the front lines, rather than in the middle of an internalized thought like Brooke's poem. Brooke's poem focuses on an individual soldier who will be remembered, Sassoon's the vast, nameless masses of men who will die and be forgotten. Some of Sassoon's dreamers are good, some are bad, all have different problems and jealous conflicts at home, but they are in the process of being blended into one in the form of a purposeless army whose cause they can little understand."

Tags:loss, identity, imagery, spiritual, glory, normalcy

Abstract
This paper studies the dueling themes of reason and passion in the Khatchaturian concerto for violin and orchestra. The paper examines the construction of the concerto and provides a brief biography of the composer.

Tags:Music, Khatchaturian, Concerto, Russian, Music, Armenian, Hero

Abstract
This paper is written in the form of a personal letter to Hamlet from Shakespeare's tragedy "Hamlet". The letter is designed to persuade Hamlet not to engage in his duel with Laertes, as it represents a passive-aggressive form of suicide and will damn his soul for eternity.

From the Paper
"Dear Hamlet, I am writing to let you know I disagree with your seeming willingness to commit suicide. You are the Prince of Denmark and the presumed heir to the throne so I beseech you to find another solution to your problems than to seek vengeance on Claudius by engaging in a duel with Laertes. I think your view that your life is not worth a pin's fee is wrong and your death will doom your soul to damnation as it is a passive-aggressive act..."

Tags:Claudius, heaven, hell, revenge, forgiveness, betrayal, God

Abstract
This paper critiques two books on the Franco-Prussian War: "From Bismarck to Adenauer" by Gordon A. Craig and "A Duel of Giants" by David Wetzel. The paper focuses on the diplomacy, the roles of Bismarck and Napoleon III and Bismark's stagecraft and his primary goal.

Tags:Bismarck, Napoleon, War, France, Prussia, Franco, Diplomacy

Abstract
This paper is written in the form of a personal letter to Hamlet from Shakespeare's tragedy "Hamlet". The letter is designed to persuade Hamlet not to engage in his duel with Laertes, as it represents a passive-aggressive form of suicide and will damn his soul for eternity.

From the Paper
"Dear Hamlet, I am writing to let you know I disagree with your seeming willingness to commit suicide. You are the Prince of Denmark and the presumed heir to the throne so I beseech you to find another solution to your problems than to seek vengeance on Claudius by engaging in a duel with Laertes. I think your view that your life is not worth a pin's fee is wrong and your death will doom your soul to damnation as it is a passive-aggressive act..."

Tags:Claudius, heaven, hell, revenge, forgiveness, betrayal, God

Abstract
The paper looks at mystagogy and at its role in integrating catechumens into the parish community. In reviewing this role, the paper ponders whether or not the technical, systematic type of mystagogy illustrated by catechesis to the newly-baptized is the best vehicle for integration, or whether a more informal type of mystagogy that emphasizes support networks and friendships is superior - or at least as critical. In the end, the paper looks at the dueling perspectives and suggests that proper mystagogy really needs both formal and informal approaches if it is to be successful.

From the Paper
"The following paper will look at the Christian initiation of adults; specifically, the next few pages will look at mystagogy and at its role in integrating catechumens into the parish community. In reviewing this role, the paper will ponder whether or not the technical, systematic type of mystagogy illustrated by catechesis to the newly-baptized is the best vehicle for integration, or whether a more informal type of mystagogy that emphasizes support networks and friendships is superior - or at least as critical. In the end, the paper looks at the dueling perspectives and..."

Tags:mystagogy, christian, initiation

Abstract
In the article the writer provides a comparative analysis of the 1979 Iranian hostage situation in which the dueling foreign policy conceits of Ronald Reagan and Jimmy Carter came to the fore. The paper argues that, whereas Carter favored a more subtle approach, Reagan used bellicose statements and grand pronouncements to suggest that American power, called into question by Carter's hesitant leadership, was as strong as ever. The paper also examines the US willingness (under Reagan) to trade arms for hostages and/or for the protection of American interests in the Middle East.

From the Paper
"Comparing and contrasting the Iranian hostage crisis policies of the Carter and Reagan administrations reveals a veritable host of contrasts between Republicans and Democrats, especially in terms of their contrasting political ideologies, foreign policy agendas, and respective self-images. The responses of Carter and Reagan to the Iranian hostage crisis also demonstrated the significant impact foreign crises have on domestic electoral politics, for both men understood that the responses they advocated would have a decisive effect on the 1980 presidential election. To fully appreciate the situation confronting both men in 1980, it is necessary to understand the world as it stood at the dawn of the 1980s. By 1980, America was confronted with a crisis of confidence."

Tags:carter, reagan, iran

Abstract
The following paper looks at the Christian initiation of adults; specifically, at mystagogy and at its role in integrating catechumens into the parish community. In reviewing this role, the paper discusses whether or not the technical, systematic type of mystagogy illustrated by catechesis to the newly-baptized is the best vehicle for integration, or whether a more informal type of mystagogy that emphasizes support networks and friendships is superior - or at least as critical. In the end, the paper looks at the dueling perspectives and suggests that proper mystagogy really needs both formal and informal approaches if it is to be successful.

From the Paper
"At the same time, a church - more so in the non-Western world, though it is also applicable to churches in Western Europe and America, as well - may be prompted for a host of reasons to emphasize the technical definition of mystagogy when welcoming newcomers. At the top of this list is the fact that there are millions of Christians (most of all in Third World nations) who have no access to the written Gospel and/or to the conventional ecumenical documents except via oral transmission or via mnemonic devices (Naude, 235+)."

Tags:Christianity, adult initiation, mystagogy