Abstract
This paper analyzes how Shakespeare manipulates indoor and outdoor settings to drive the two different plots: the private love of Romeo and Juliet and the public feud between the Capulet's and Montague's. In doing this, public and private scenes are also intertwined to contrast the intensity and power of the young lover's passion with the folly and senseless damage of the old feud that dooms them. It also examines how Shakespeare manipulates the tension created by displaying these two plots, side by side in some scenes, to create both comedy and sorrow. Whatever the effect, Shakespeare skillfully plays with the societal meanings attached to these places to enhance the drama of the theatrical performance.

From the Paper
"The play begins with the establishment of the families' feud by showing public conflict between Sampson and Gregory, servants of Capulet, and Abraham and Balthazar, of the house of Montague (I.i 35-55). This takes place in a public, outdoor arena, a street in Verona, which brings in two important elements of the feud between the two houses: the compulsion to fight because of family honor, which is demonstrated by the insults that preface the swordfight, and the sense of public justice holding these feuding men accountable, which hints that the feud is a legacy of the past."

Tags:capulet, montague, verona

Abstract
This paper explains that some linguists insist that in order for true synonymy to exist the two words must be identical in meaning when they are transposed into the same sentence; however, this is often not possible because of the dual meanings that some words possess and the possibility that switching the words may have a different impact on the reader because of slang. The author points out that, when different cultures are considered in relation to words, the sameness may become confusing because the words or phrases are interpreted by people with differing cultural associations. The paper stresses that teaching synonymy requires students to work on activities, which are directly related to each concept. The author analyzes the contents of an included email and suggests teaching activities.

From the Paper
"Klembe (1983) states that "utterances" may classify as synonymy. This is because utterances are expressions that may not have a specific meaning if broken down word by word, but they do have an implied meaning if they are interpreted as the speaker intended them to be understood. Field, (2001) states, however, that defining utterances as synonymy is much the same as arbitrarily insisting that a word or phrase has meaning when it does not.. Yet, Fine (1993) stipulates that Aristotle accepted both approaches as arguments and that ultimately how synonymy was determined was left to the listener. "

Tags:utterances, word and phrase sets, slang, dual meanings, exact meanings

Abstract
The paper explains classical semiotic theory and goes on to show how ordinary events and things are given added significance within the symbolic context of the film "The Godfather, Part I". The paper discusses three categories of signs that are used in the language of the film; iconic signs, more conventionally symbolic signs which do not resemble the signified object but within a cultural framework stand in for something, and indexical signs which are inherently connected in some way to a larger context. The paper provides examples of all these signs and demonstrates how signs can have dual meanings. The paper also explains how in addition to the spectator's own interpretive bias, interpretations of the figures of the characters will shift from frame to frame.

From the Paper
"Semiotics means, quite 'literally,' the decidedly non-literal theory of signs and how signs assign meaning in an arbitrary fashion to certain objects. According to classical semiotic theory, everything can be a potential 'sign' or part of a language. Language is symbolic: that is, words stand in for literal objects or concepts, so do images in the language of film. Signs can also have symbolic meanings, and the meanings of letters and signs only have significance within a particular context or system. The word 'horse' only means something to an individual who speaks English and can understand what is 'not a horse,' for example. An image of a horse can represent a real horse, or for people familiar with the Ralph Lauren Polo label, a shirt. Signs can also have particular meaning within not just cultures but works of art."

Tags:symbols, icons, message, meaning, interpretation

Abstract
This paper is a critical analysis of the authors' presentation of the partings of people who love each other in Shakespeare's 'Romeo and Juliet', Act 3, Scene 5, and Hardy's 'The Woodlanders', with a critical focus on the writers' choices of form, structure and language, and wider reading in the literature of love. The paper concludes that although the extracts differ in form, they both effectively use language with dual meanings to conjure imagery that illustrates the tragedy of the permanent parting of lovers by death.

From the Paper
"This 'light' interplay of conversation between the characters is a brief reprieve from the tragedy of the events which have begun to unfold (Mercutio and Tybalt's deaths, Romeo's banishment), much like Mercutio and Benvolio's conversation is a reprieve before Mercutio's death. This scene is an example of Shakespeare's use, throughout the play, of the comedy/tragedy dramatic structure which keeps the audience in a state of suspense: the hope for a happy ending provided by the lighter 'interlude' makes the final events seem that much more tragic, and this scene in particular makes the audience feel this sense of hope, but it also adds to a state of apprehension. The last time there was a lighter, playful exchange between characters, it was followed by one of the characters' deaths, and so while we hope for a happy ending for the two lovers, we also have an uneasy feeling that something bad may be about to happen to one or both of them. "

Tags:language, Mercutio

Abstract
This paper discusses the poet, Theodore Roethke, providing a brief background on him. One of his most discussed poems, "I Knew A Woman", is examined. The paper illustrates the striking sexual imagery used in the poem. The poet's style of writing is described, the rich metaphors, the symbolism, and the dual meanings. The paper outlines Roethke?s internal struggle toward mastery of the poetic arts, implying it was quite in keeping with the poet?s personality during his life.

From the Paper
"Theodore Roethke was, above all, a great American poet?planted solidly in the tradition of Emerson, Thoreau, and Whitman. Indeed, much like Whitman, Roethke seemed to have an ability, perhaps gleaned from his intense love of nature, that allowed his poetry to communicate in a way that few poets ever imagine. Relatively speaking, Theodore Roethke was hardly a prolific writer by any means (his first book, Open House, published in 1941, took ten years to complete). However, the work he did produce was very well received. In fact his collection, The Waking garnered him the Pulitzer Prize in 1954 (Poets.org). Additionally, although he was first and foremost a poet, he was also a teacher, and he worked at colleges and universities from Vermont to Washington State (where he died in 1963)."

Tags:poetry, imagery, metaphors

Abstract
This essay discusses the symbol use in the American novel, "The Scarlet Letter". It describes Hawthorne's use of the scarlet letter to exclude the heroine from the community by calling her an adulteress. The essay describes the conflicting dual meanings of the Scarlet "A".

From the Paper
"The most important symbol in Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel, The Scarlet Letter, is the scarlet letter itself. The scarlet letter has paradoxical meanings throughout the novel. At first, the scarlet letter is a symbol of sin. Hester then changes the symbol of the scarlet letter to represent virtue. She accomplishes this by being generous, benevolent, and charitable. "

Tags:community, adultery, hester, irony, motif, prynne, represent, society, symbol

Abstract
This paper explains that Oscar Wilde's comic play "The Importance of Being Earnest" is a satiric look at aspects of British society, notably the influence of social class and rigid stratification. The author points out that the play toys with the dual meaning of the sound of Ernest: How important it is to be earnest, meaning sincere, and how important it is to be named Ernest. The paper relates that Wilde develops an inverted parody of the stock romantic situation in which the lovers' devotion alone and not their names have meaning; the play abounds in inversions of romantic cliches found in epigrams and certain conversational exchanges, which are structured on the basis of a reversal of expectations. Includes many quotations.

From the Paper
"To say that Jack is manipulating reality is to say that he is manipulating his own reality, for the play does not deal in what we would call objective reality. This is a world that does not exist, with people who operate on their own logic. Reality for Jack is always something of a blur because he has no idea who he really is. In this sense, his entire life is an appearance rather than a reality until he learns through a series of coincidences at the end of the play who he really is--he is Algy's older brother--and what his name is--his name really is Ernest."

Tags:epigrammatic-witticisms, satirize, stratification, parody, sincere

Abstract
This paper examines Ernest Hemingway's novel "A Farewell to Arms." based on Hemingway's memories of driving an ambulance during World War I. Many of Hemingway's novels are semi-autobiographical and the character of Frederic Henry is in fact modeled on himself and part of the story on his relationship with his wife. It shows that while this is a novel of memory, it is also a novel of self-discovery, structured to show the self-exploration and self-discovery of Frederic who's character changes from the beginning of the novel to the end. It analyzes how the title of the novel has a dual meaning, for by the end of the novel the Frederic Henry will have been tested by arms, meaning the tools of war and he will have been held by the arms of his wife. He says farewell to both, to the war as he deserts and to his wife because she dies.

From the Paper
"It is, of course, through his relationship with Catherine that his ability to care is brought forth most clearly so that it becomes a part of his overt personality. Catherine, for her part, is drawn to Frederic precisely because he is not deceptive, whether that is because he does not care enough or not. Catherine "defines herself as someone living life as fully as she can" (Hays 62), and "her love and devotion convert Frederic Henry from a selfish, uncaring individual to one who loves, who shares, and who serves others" (Hays 62). The relationship mirrors the one Hemingway himself had with Agnes, as noted, and he uses the story in the novel as a metaphor for his reality."

Tags:frederic, henry, war, lieutenant, wife, family, death, memory, relationship

Abstract
This paper discusses how the poem "He fumbles at Your Soul" by Emily Dickinson gives a single description with an underlying dual meaning. It looks at how the poem presents the reader with a depiction of a storm on one level, and on another, a scene of sexual masochism. It examines how by associating these two unlikely companions, the poem has a shock value in its design that startles the reader and how in a sense, the poem itself is analogous to hearing lightning crash nearby. IThe paper contends that by contrasting and paralleling these two themes the reader is left feeling disturbed and moved, making Dickinson successful at bringing both scenes to life through their interwoven presence within the poem.

From the Paper
"The pattern and feel to the poem reminds the reader or the regular flow of falling rain mingled with crashes of thunder as well as the strange shocks of torture from a skillful sadomasochist. Although the poem is not regular, the majority of the lines follow the ballad style, with the 6 and 8-syllable line pattern (broken at the first line and three at the middle but completely regular by the last stanza). The foot is iambic, an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed giving a beat fast and regular like the patter of rain upon a roof or the regular rhythm between two people engaged in a sexual act. The rhyme scheme, although it is again not completely regular, rhymes the second and fourth line in each stanza: keys, degrees, blow, slow as well as the slant rhyme, cool, soul. "

Tags:sexual, masochism, storm

Abstract
In Greek mythology, the chimera was a creature with the body and head of a lion, the second head of a goat, and a serpentine tail. This peculiar animal of legend is the perfect symbolic reference for its dual meaning in genetics. Chimeras are not a figment of the Greek imagination anymore. Today, although still seemingly a work of fiction, chimeras are characterized as individuals born with two different sets of DNA. This paper details the cause of this strange and fascinating phenomenon and examines how people born as chimeras are affected.

From the Paper
"Another fear in the discovery of chimeras is the concept of genetic engineering. If two embryos can be fused together to generate a totally new embryo, what is to stop scientists from manipulating the embryos into forming whatever kind of individual they want? Also, if fusing two embryos together and then splitting them up can create identical twins that are essentially natural clones, what is to stop scientists from using chimeras to aid in the process of human cloning? Scientists have already managed to generate man-made chimeras in a laboratory using the embryos of mice. It is only a matter of time before they unlock the delicate procedure that produces human chimeras."

Tags:embryos, ivf, twins, zygotes