The paper discusses the drug problems of the people of the Caribbean and the drugtrafficking that goes on there. It also deals with the dangers that drugtrafficking causes to other countries and their people.
3,650 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 5 sources, 2001, $ 101.95
Abstract This paper is about the drugtrafficking problems of the Caribbean. The author examines the Caribbean region as a long standing area where illegal substances have been grown and sold. The people are poverty stricken and sell drugs as a means to make money. The author looks into the Caribbean's climate and location which make it an ideal place to grow and sell drugs. The people are able to transport drugs to other countries through the use of planes, boats, etc. The paper goes on to discuss how this poses as a threat to all countries because it makes drugs available which leads to drug problems for their citizens.
From the paper:
"The Caribbean is known for its agriculturally equipped weather conditions, which makes for most islands to be very fertile. Many farmers in the Caribbean grow drugs as part of their produce to earn more money. They can then sell the illegal substances to islanders, tourists, and then ship the rest off to be sold to other countries? citizens. This poses as a threat to the health of all people who are able to buy drugs as a result of drugtrafficking in the Caribbean. It also poses a threat to governments because they have to use their funding on programs to educate citizens about the dangers of drugs as well as rehabilitate those citizens that are addicted to drugs and suffer from drug abuse."
Abstract This paper discusses how the violence that has occurred because of drugtrafficking has hit grotesque proportions - with beheadings, kidnappings, and gun fights, threatening the security of two nations - Mexico and the U.S. and how few parts of the United States are immune to drug-trafficking organizations beginning in Mexico. The paper examines the roots of the problem which stem from the free trade agreement between the US and Mexico set up by NAFTA in 1994. The paper also looks at attempts to crackdown on Mexican drug cartels such as the militarization of the United States-Mexico border.
From the Paper "Some Mexicans, that is, the Mexicans who can afford it are now going to great lengths to protect themselves from the drug cartels. In a New York Times article, author Marc Lacey reveals that bodyguards are becoming more and more common among regular people in Mexico. It would seem that the movie "Man on Fire" starring Denzel Washington as a bodyguard hired to protect a young Dakota Fanning in Mexico City is a reality of the lengths parents will go to protect their children. Kidnappings are common in Mexico, especially kidnappings of children from upper class families; families who can afford to pay to get their children back. In Mexico, having wealth comes with a very high price tag: the constant fear of being killed for that money."
Abstract This paper studies drugtrafficking and drug use in the border town of Zapata, Texas. The paper fouses on the effect of drugs on the adolescents in the community. Factors examined include school drop out rates and youth involvement with drugs and crime rates. The paper also discusses the lack of services available for adolescents in Zapata.
From the Paper "The following presents a research paper on the youth or adolescents in Zapata, Texas and surrounding border towns. Specifically, this research addresses the problem of drug trafficking in Zapata and the effect this is..."
Abstract The paper explains the different categories of drugs and their harmful and sometimes fatal side effects. The paper discusses worldwide drugtrafficking and explains how because of huge losses that the drugtrafficking business brings, both in terms of health and finances, governments all over the world are trying to fight this crime. The paper emphasizes that illegal drugs are a major threat to the security of our future generations and therefore it is important to categorize illegal drugs as a major threat just like extremism or WMDs in order to comprehend the gravity of the issue and to tackle it in the most appropriate manner.
From the Paper "The world and most specifically the US has been so worried about the spread of elusive WMDs that one wonders what would happen if they were finally discovered. We have no clue if they exist and as far as reports are concerned, no such weapons of mass destruction were found in Iraq. Interestingly US fought a whole war on the pretext only to tell the public later that no WMDs existed anywhere in Iraq. So what are WMDs? WMDs are nuclear, chemical and biological weapons that if used could kill a large majority. So far, it appears that WMDs are really serious in nature but where are they to be found. The WMDs that the government is talking about sure do not exist but there is one form of WMD that not only exists but has been around for decades. This form has not been considered as serious in nature as those elusive WMDs that are yet to be found. The WMDs we are talking are illegal drugs."
Abstract This paper presents a detailed analysis of the drug mafia contributing to the enhancement of terrorism in our country. Drug abuse is a huge problem that is growing worse. Thus precautionary measures should be taken in order to control drugtrafficking.
Abstract This paper discusses the background, problems of illegal drugstrafficking and the methods being used to stop the trafficking of drugs in the United States. This paper reveals that money seized in drug stings and received from fines for drug offenders is a billion dollar industry for the American government. The author believes that completely ending the entire drugtrafficking business is almost impossible because there are too many loopholes and too much money at stake for both the dealers and the government.
From the Paper "The largest distributor of drugs, especially cocaine, comes from Columbia. Interagency intelligence assessment statistics say that nearly sixty-five percent of all cocaine goes through the southern borders of the United States. Columbian dealers send the drugs through Mexico, whose laws are not nearly as strict, and the dealers in Mexico bring them across the border. They come through Texas and New Mexico by ground and California by ground, air and seaports."
Abstract This paper examines how the illegal drug market in the United States is one of the most profitable in the world and attracts the most sophisticated and aggressive drugtraffickers. It describes many methods of trafficking including the use of a collapsible rubber fuel "bladder". It also looks at how the United States Customs Service, an agency of the U. S. Treasury Department, is the primary enforcement agency protecting the United States and the only border agency with extensive air, land and marine interdiction forces and its own intelligence branch.
From the Paper "The traffic and distribution of illegal drugs involves diverse groups. Criminal groups operating from South America "smuggle cocaine and heroin into the United States via a variety of routes, including land routes through Mexico, maritime routes along Mexico's east and west coasts, sea routes through the Caribbean, and international air corridors." Then there are criminal groups operating in Mexico that smuggle cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, amphetamine, and marijuana across the Southwest Border into the United States for distribution. Aside from the foreign import of drugs, there are domestic organizations that cultivate, produce, manufacture, and distribute illegal drugs such as marijuana, methamphetamine, phencyclidine, PCP, and lysergic acid diethyamide, and LSD."
Abstract This paper details the life of Pablo Escobar and his rise from a middleman trafficking in cocaine to the leader of the Medellin drug cartel. The paper also discusses Escobar's capture and the legacy he left to the U.S. and Columbia.
From the Paper "Pablo Emilio Gavoroa Escobar, also known as the Godfather, was the founder and leader of the Medellin Colombian drug cartel. One of the most powerful drug traffickers in the world, he started out in cocaine trafficking as a middleman who obtained small amounts of coca paste from Ecuador and sold it within Colombia. He then bought it from newly established laboratories in the Columbian Amazon where the paste had been converted into cocaine and employed couriers mules..."
Tags: Pablo Escobar, organized crime, drugs, trafficking
Abstract The paper discusses the observation that young African-American women have a higher proclivity to sell drugs than other races such as their young Caucasian counterparts. The paper examines studies that shows this relationship between at risk behaviors and young African-American women. The paper also looks at research that explores how early adolescence affects African-American women later in adulthood insofar as drug-related problems are concerned. The paper discusses a proposed study that will determine the degree to which poverty and economic related circumstances contribute to drugtrafficking in a specific urban center among the young African-American female population.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
II. Literature Review
III. Methodology
From the Paper "This research project is designed to identify the primary factors related to the high incidence rate of young African American women who commonly sell drugs or engage in drug trafficking activity in the nation's urban centers. The working hypothesis states that poverty and related economic factors directly impact the study populations' proclivity to engage in drug trafficking as an economic alternative. While this might seem criminally obvious, there are social and cultural implications related to the study outcomes which the criminal justice system must learn to accommodate for such as devising adequate drug treatment programs for repeat offenders that better assess and target the contributing behaviors (Laudet, Cleland, Magura, Vogel & Knight, 2004). "
Abstract In 1999, Columbia negotiated a three-year stabilization agreement named "Plan Columbia" with the International Monetary Fund, which established certain policy targets that it had to achieve in order to borrow money. The paper examines that although this money was given to resolve the civil conflict, curb drugtrafficking, modernize legal and military institutions and strengthen the economy, in fact most of the money goes to the military in order to fight the FARC rebels who control vast areas of the coca fields. The paper examines the reasons behind the United States' eagerness to aid the Columbian government, despite the fact that most of the money is obviously not being used for "anti-drug" programs.
From the Paper "However, statistics show that Colombian police and military are not fighting a drug war but rather a civil war against leftwing rebels that are rapidly gaining strength. However, the U.S. is completely aware that the money is not going to drugs and actually has an interest in the civil war because Colombia is strategically located, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean. In addition, it has plentiful oil and mineral reserves that multinational corporations have been exploiting for years, often under the armed guard of the Colombian military. Therefore, the U.S. is supplying aid in the name of drugs but the money is used to keep control of the territory of Colombia."
Abstract This paper argues that much of the hatred for narcotics stems
from media horror stories and alleged scientific research which paints drug usage as the culprit in issues ranging from crime to poverty to deteriorating mental and physical health. Now, the latest attack stems from government officials who are working to establish a sinister link between drugtrafficking and terrorism. The paper presents a research design to assess the similarities between the American government's two declared "wars" and whether the results of both wars have justified the costs.
Paper Outline:
Goals
Objectives
Methods of Assessment
Reference List
From the Paper "For my second objective, I will examine the long-speculated connection between the illegal drug trade and terrorist organizations. I will determine whether the evidence suggesting such a connection is credible. If the evidence is deemed as flimsy, what justifications might the government have for promoting such a connection? Money, fear, and intimidation are suggested factors for endorsing a connection between drugs and terrorism. I will assess these accusations and develop a theory about their justification."
Abstract An examination of two main strategies for dealing with drugs. The first is an all out prohibition targeting every one from major drugtraffickers all the way down to the users, with harsh penalties - which is the approach used in the U.S. in its "war on drugs". The second approach is one that sees drug abuse more as social welfare problem rather than a criminal justice problem, where treatment rather than harsh penalties are emphasized. This is the stance that most of the countries of Western Europe have adopted. This paper compares these two differing attitudes and examines which is more effective for which sitution and whether the different regions can learn from each other.
From the Paper "Before the nineteen sixties the perception around the world and particularly in Europe was that there was little or no social problems with drug use or trafficking. "Before 1960 no member State of the Council of Europe had any serious problem of a widespread kind and the few drug abusers identified in the various countries caused no particular anxiety or concern from a legal or public health point of view."(Strasbourg 1974 pg.10) As the sixties progressed drug use escalated in Europe and in the United States, which raised concerns among public officials and law enforcement agencies. "Certain phenomenon were observed in the 1960s in most European countries which alerted the competent authorities to the dangers involved in drug abuse and helped to make "chemical pollution of mankind" one of the more recognizable preoccupations of society." (Strasbourg 1974 pg.10) Once drug use came to be seen as a problem, states began to take measures to curb the use of illegal drugs."
Tags: cocaine, decriminalization, drug, herion, legalize, marijuana, policy, war
Abstract The paper reveals that the decriminalization of drug abuse has not been so successful in other countries. Most Canadians favouring de-criminalization refer to cannabis or their own drug preferences, unaware of thousands of persons trapped in heroin and especially crack cocaine abuse and related criminality. Having laws against drugtrafficking helps medical professionals to help the addict who wants to change his or her life, perhaps believing an addiction cannot be overcome. The paper provides comments on harm reduction, the need to help the addict and the ethics of keeping some drug laws in place towards this end.
From the Paper "Western countries have seen rising addiction to illegal drugs, related crime and overall harm to the public (Allen, 2005). This paper examines the issue of drug decriminalization, noting a number of arguments for and against, indicating that decriminalization is not a solution to the drug addiction problem. In addition to textual research, time was taken to visit two Toronto areas noted for addicts and related criminal activities. This allowed for observation of people whose entire lives are centred on drug abuse as helped to see defects in the arguments of those who recommend decriminalization."
Abstract The paper explains the process of money laundering and focuses on the drugtrafficking and illegal gambling industries. The paper then explores the relationship between illegal drug trade and gambling and shows how casinos have been used as ways for drugtraffickers to launder money. The paper points out the limitations in prosecutors' ability to prove one is engaged in money laundering as well as the Internet and technology that make it increasingly difficult to regulate financial transactions. The paper concludes that despite these limitations, the focus on money laundering remains one of the most effective ways to curtail both the drug trade and illegal gambling.
Outline:
What is money laundering?
Drug Money Laundering
Money Laundering: Illegal Gambling
Relationship between Illegal Drugs and Gambling
Changes in the Law
From the Paper "The usual process of laundering drug money entails three basic steps. The first stage involves depositing the drug proceeds into clandestine domestic and foreign financial institutions that do not seem obviously illegal. Sometimes the profits are broken up into small amounts, usually less than $10,000 to avoid currency reporting requirements or through creating sham companies, casinos, wire transfer companies, or simply smuggling the currency out of the United States in suitcases or concealing the cash in some other manner (Zagaris & Ehlers 2003). In the case of a pseudoephedrine smuggling ring an airline employee was recruited at O'Hare airport in Chicago to help smuggle drug-derived cash outside of the United States, sometimes stuffing the bills in empty cereal boxes that were packed in a suitcase ("Cash Smuggling Case at O'Hare Airport," U.S. Drug Administration Press Release, 2004)."
Abstract This paper details the extent of drugtrafficking today and explains how it has major consequences on the entire country. The paper describes the various US policies on drugs and on drugtrafficking and shows the weaknesses in them. The author continues by saying that international cooperation is necessary to really control offenders. The paper quotes the criminologist of the time Edwin Sutherland's theory 'Differential Association.' This theory states that criminal behavior is learned behavior and that it is generally learned through social interaction with others. The author explains that a drug abuser learns from his environment and thus by correcting the surroundings of an offender, the behaviour can be affected.
From the Paper "The problem of drug trafficking in America today is indeed an enormous one, with severe repercussions and ramifications for the future of the entire country. When the retired General Barry McCaffrey, the Director of the White House's Office of drug Control Policy was on an official visit to Peru, Peru was in the midst of a long string of scandals that were having an adverse impact on the Peruvian administration. Facts and figures revealed that there had been discovered a shipment of about one hundred and seventy kilograms of the drug cocaine, on board the air force plane that Fujimori, the President of Peru normally used on his travels to and from his country. Soon afterwards, about forty-five kilograms of cocaine were again found on board a ship that belonged to the Peruvian navy, in Vancouver, in Canada. When accusations were flung at each other, it was eventually decided that it was the Peruvian Montesinos who had been protecting an entire drug clan, named 'Lopez Paredes' which was engaged in drug trafficking on a large scale. This organization was supposedly dismantled in the year 1995, but amazingly, in the middle of August, the accused individual, called Demetrio Chavez, also known to some as 'El Vaticano', revealed in a Court that he had in fact been paying the Peruvian Montesinos the sum of $ US 50,000 every month so that he would be protected from inquiry of all his various drug trafficking operations."
