Abstract
In this article, the writer studies the book 'Massacre of the Dreamers' by the novelist, poet, and Chicana activist, Ana Castillo. The writer notes that Castillo offers an explicitly nationally and ethnically based form of feminism for Latina women that the author calls Xicanisma. The writer discusses that over the course of Castillo's historiography of the Chicana and feminist movements, Castillo combines personal as well as historical testimony to create a political and spiritual manifesto for Latina women today. Further the writer shows that Castillo condemns both the racism and negative assumptions that have limited Latina women from assuming power within their culture, even while she pays tribute to the considerable successes and accomplishments of Latinas in various Mexican activist movements.

From the Paper
"Castillo is equally unsparing when condemning the misogyny of Mexican culture, even in its most radical forms, such as the American Chicano Movement. Beyond the ideologies of Catholicism and Communism that have denied the gender imbalance within the Mexican community and society, Castillo believes Chicana women must band together to articulate and find ways of healing and addressing their unique difficulties as a community. Only then will the feminine principle as well as machismo endemic to contemporary Mexican life once again find its space within Latino culture and spirituality."
"Castillo, however, does not deny the common assertion of the American women's movement that the personal is political. She states she had to look within herself to get beyond the dichotomies of masculine and feminine that hampered her ability to see herself fully as an activist, sexual being, and a spiritual female being."

Tags:Latina, women, Xicanisma, Mexican, culture

Abstract
This paper analyzes and contrasts two sonnets written respectively by the British WWI poets Rupert Brooke and Siegfried Sassoon: "The Soldier" and "Dreamers". The writer discusses how both poets modified the traditional structure of the sonnet to accomplish their poetic ends. Brooke's poem is elegiac in tone, focusing on national identity and acquiescing in death as a doorway to eternity, while Sassoon's is a bitter and ironic protest against the injustice and inhumanities of war.

From the Paper
"Sassoon writes in a voice of protest, not acquiescence, unlike Brooke, despite his use of the sonnet form. "Dreamers" begins with a striking image, the image of soldiers going off to war, presumably by train to the front lines, rather than in the middle of an internalized thought like Brooke's poem. Brooke's poem focuses on an individual soldier who will be remembered, Sassoon's the vast, nameless masses of men who will die and be forgotten. Some of Sassoon's dreamers are good, some are bad, all have different problems and jealous conflicts at home, but they are in the process of being blended into one in the form of a purposeless army whose cause they can little understand."

Tags:loss, identity, imagery, spiritual, glory, normalcy

Abstract
This paper explains that, in Studs Terkel's "American Dreams: Lost and Found", the truth about the concept of the "American Dream" is that there is no single concept of this dream because it means different things to different people depending on their race, location, creed and lifestyle. The author reviews various dreams from individuals featured in this book including Miss America Emma Knight, who, through her public speaking, attempted to benefit society and the environment by addressing issues of pollution and the effects of mass consumerism but found that politicians did not want to hear about their mistakes. The paper concludes that the American Dream entails not necessarily money but rather a wish to reach the best level of achievement in any area in which one chooses to focus.

From the Paper
"Some of the dreams featured in Terkel's work do indeed seem grand in terms of money and material success. Ted Turner for example used his drive and individuality to launch CNN; Arnold Schwarzenegger went from impoverished conditions to an international superstar; Wallace Rasmussen, son of a Danish immigrant worked himself up from poverty to a multi-million dollar business CEO and chairman. These dreams also seem to stem from a childhood of poverty and want. However, this is not where the dream ends. Many who have made a great deal of money do not entertained the short-term views criticized by Emma Knight."

Tags:turner, schwarzenegger, immigrant, justice, simple

Abstract
This paper discusses Arthur Miller's "Death of a Salesman". It focuses on the protagonist Willy Loman who is deluded by the American Dream and spends his life pursuing an impossible dream that is not even worth having. The paper discusses the concept of the hopeless world of dreams and how the only solution according to Willy, was suicide. The paper also discusses the similar concepts in Tennessee Williams' "The Glass Menagerie".

From the Paper
"Dreamers in Conflict with Reality in Death of a Salesman and The Glass Menagerie In Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman, the protagonist Willy Loman is deluded by the American Dream, and spends his life pursuing an impossible dream that is not even worth having. Along the way, he draws his sons into his hopeless world of dreams. At the end, because Willy is unable to break free of his pursuit of this dream, the conflict becomes so unbearable that there is no way out except suicide. In Tennessee Williams' The Glass Menagerie, we are confronted with a similarly pathetic array of characters."

Tags:miller, williams, dreams

Abstract
This paper chronicles the life and works of one of history's greatest human beings, Leonard da Vinci. From his birth and early childhood induction into the world of the arts to through to his later years as an inventor, engineer, and humanitarian this paper provides an in depth account of how he became one of history's greatest artists, thinkers, and visionaries. A detailed account is given of several of his most famous painting and sculptures, as well as his more creative and advanced inventions. His personal life is documented as well, from birth to death.

From the Paper
"It only takes a single spark to ignite an inferno. In the summer of 1451 outside Florence, Italy, a brief affair between a public notary and local peasant girl would produce a result that would forever impact the human spheres of art and ingenuity. A result powerful enough to move rivers and build castles, yet graceful enough to create indisputable works of artistic genius, and soft enough to display truly naked acts of kindness and compassion. On April 15, 1452, nine months after this affair, the babe Leonardo from the small village Anchiano, near Vinci, was born."

Tags:art, ginerva, history, inventor, italian, jerome, last, lisa, madonna, magi, mona, painter, painting, renaissance, supper

Abstract
Generally, European poetry from the Romantic period is characterized by the following poetic features: a belief in the innate goodness of human nature; individualism; a reverence for nature and primitivism; philosophical idealism; a (somewhat paradoxical) preference for free thought and religious mysticism; rebellious with political authority and social customs (and note the class bias, of course); a celebration of physical, sensual passions; the active cultivation of emotion, and sensitivity, as values in-themselves. Romantics tended to believe that to be human meant being an emotional, sensitive, and rational person.

Abstract
This paper examines how Marian Anderson was a role model to all African-Americans in the 1930s and how through her voice and her songs she brought people and music closer together despite the racial gap. It looks at how she opened the doors for other African-American singers, workers and dreamers and how through her courage and understanding of the world around her, Marian Anderson conquered racism in the United States of America.

From the Paper
"Finally, Marian was noticed and her extremely lovely voice was discovered. She was invited to go to England to study German lieder with Raimun von Zur Muhlen. She met artists, musicians and actors there. She attended concerts of famous artists such as Arthur Rubinstein and Lily Pons, learning and growing in her music with each experience without worrying about racism (Patterson 60). Anderson's first European concert was in Europe at Wigmore Hall. After her success she returned to the US in 1930 to give a few concerts, but her career was standing still. Here however, she was discovered by a representative of the Julius Rosenwald Fund, who helped black people to advance their education. "

Tags:african-americans, black, racism

Abstract
Lucid dreaming is a paradoxical mental state in which dreamers become aware that they are dreaming and, in some cases, deliberately take control of the dream action. This paper provides an overview of why humans sleep and dream, an examination of what lucid dreams are, and their relevance to psychologists and other clinicians today. A discussion of the potential adverse consequences identified by some critics is followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.

Outline
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Why Do Humans Sleep and Dream Anyway?
What Are Lucid Dreams? Cheap Thrills or Divine Insight?
Learning How to Dream Lucidly
Relevance of Lucid Dreaming to Psychology
"Completely Risk-Free" or Not?
Improving Accessibility to Lucid Dreaming
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Because everyone dreams, it would seem easy enough to classify the experience as being "ordinary," and yet the dream experience itself can seem to be anything but "ordinary." Researchers have been investigating why animals sleep and have attempted to determine the biological role of dreams. Lucid dreaming means dreaming while knowing that you are dreaming. This consciousness allows people to guide their dreams and explore a potentially infinite number of possibilities. A staunch lucid dream advocate and researcher, Dr. Stephen LaBerge, even maintains that lucid dreaming may help people heal faster and enjoy other benefits, including aiding personal-development, enhancing self-confidence, overcoming nightmares, improving mental (and perhaps, physical) health, facilitating creative problem solving as well as providing "thrilling entertainment." In all fairness, it should be pointed out that LaBerge is also hawking DreamLights and other devices designed to help people learn how to dream lucidly at as much as $1,000 a pop -- and he has sold a lot of them."

Tags:nightmare, rem

Abstract
This paper examines the use archetypes of ghosts and premonitions in Toni Morrison's "Beloved." It shows the influence of Dr. Carl Yung, and how the human psyche is easily manipulated. It explores the context and background of the story and how the use of archetypes plays into the character traits and storyline.

From the paper:

"'Dreaming men are haunted men,' wrote Stephen St. Vincent Benet, and the characters in Toni Morrison's 'Beloved' might well agree with the poet's statement. Of course, most of us are dreamers, and we therefore might well posit that we are haunted by dreams. What sets each of us apart is the things we dream about ? and so the things that we are haunted by. Our dreams ? our hauntings ? are specific to our own lives, our own experiences. But they may also be far more general than we suppose them to be, the result of what psychologist Carl Jung would call archetypes, a term made generally popular by Joseph Campbell in his exploration of commonalities that he discovered in the myths, religions, and arts of what are in many ways widely divergent cultures."

Tags:ghosts, writing, psychology

Abstract
This paper views the works of Edith Wharton and Gustave Flaubert and identifies the failure to find love in their respective novels. It analyzes the actions of the novels' main characters in terms of romantic love. Ethan and Emma are two frustrated dreamers who are lead to a tragic death when love cannot be obtained.

From the Paper
"A successful novel is one that conveys a concise emotion through theme. When realistic feelings are perceived from a book, the reader is more able to understand and identify with the story. Two novels, Madame Bovary and Ethan Frome, share the theme of failure in similar parabolas of love. The characters in Gustave Flaubert's Madame Bovary and Edith Wharton's Ethan Frome all illustrate failure to find and maintain meaningful relationships and the subsequent effects this has on their lives throughout their respective novels."

Tags:failure, love, romance, death, romantic, relationship, emotion, l