Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes Claire Harris' "Drawing Down a Daughter", explaining it as a book that is not to be described simply. The paper reports that the book is basically a prose poem but also incorporates other styles of writing such as stream of consciousness and life writing. The paper also reports that the book contains a number of interrelated themes but the central one concerns the concept of birthgift. To understand that theme it is essential to understand cultural context which is primarily African as well as Caribbean.

Tags:type, imagery, culture

Abstract
The paper offers a critical review of David Goutor's well-regarded (but not perfect) essay, "Drawing Different Lines of Colour: The Mainstream English Canadian Labour Movement's Approach to Blacks and the Chinese, 1880-1914." The paper relates that this essay was originally published in 2005 and appeared on pages 55-76 of the periodical, "Labour: Studies in Working Class History of the Americas," vol.2, no.1. The paper explains that the topic of the article, as one can probably glean from the title, is the differential treatment Chinese workers received from Canadian "mainstream" unions in the aforementioned years as compared to the treatment given to African-Canadian workers. The paper then explains that the essential argument at the center of Goutor's essay appears to be this: Canadian labour leaders viewed Chinese workers with disdain because they feared those workers, saw them as just the sort of "debased" employees rapacious capitalists sought for their factories, and because there was a sense that their first allegiance was to somewhere other than Canada. Conversely, African-Canadians were viewed as the heroic survivors of slavery - and many labour militants at the turn of the twentieth century equated the black struggle of only a few decades earlier with their own struggle for dignity in the workplace (Goutor 55-57). According to this paper, it is a provocative thesis, and while this writer happens to believe that Goutor's assessment of things is primarily accurate, the writer also believes that his work suffers from some critical methodological errors in terms of the sources he uses and the manner in which he applies those sources to defending his thesis.

From the Paper
"The following short paper is a critical review of David Goutor's well-regarded (but not perfect) essay, "Drawing Different Lines of Colour: The Mainstream English Canadian Labour Movement's Approach to Blacks and the Chinese, 1880-1914." The essay was originally published in 2005 and appeared on pages 55-76 of the periodical, "Labour: Studies in Working Class History of the Americas", vol.2, no.1. The topic of the article, as one can probably glean from the title, is the differential treatment Chinese workers received from Canadian "mainstream" unions in the..."

Tags:david, goutor, analysis

Abstract
The paper explores Picasso's drawing characteristics, taking into account such things as line quality and fluidity; tonal range and contrast; the use of light and space by the master; and more.

From the Paper
"The following paper will explore Picasso's drawing characteristics, taking into account such things as line quality and fluidity; tonal range and contrast; the use of light and space by the master; the expression conveyed by his work (or at least representative samplings of that work); and the movement found in his drawings. In the interests of clarity, this paper will look at the evolution of Picasso by looking at three famous drawings of his and discuss the drawing characteristics mentioned above for each one of them. Overall, it is best to argue that his work became more polished as he grew older and that he was able to add subtlety to the.."

Tags:picasso, drawings, look

Abstract
This paper reviews the article "Representations of the Child's Social Behavior and Attachment to the Kindergarten Teacher in Their Drawing", written by Zlatka Cugmas. The paper discusses the findings of the study that examined children's drawings in order to determine whether a significant attachment relationship can exist between a child and a caregiver that is non-maternal. It discusses the methods, results and discussion of the study, as well as reviews the strengths and significance of the study.

From the Paper
"The discussion in the article indicated that the use of drawings as a representation of what type of social behavior a child has appeared to be very logical and realistic when determining what type of attachment these children have to their kindergarten teacher. However, there are limitations to this particular type of research that are also important to note. One concern was that this type of study may not apply to children as they get older, since the older children in the study drew differently and in better proportion than the younger children. Another limitation and concern for the study was that all of the information that was gathered about the behavior of the children came only from one source - their teacher. This produces a "halo" effect that indicates that future study should include the observations and understandings of other competent individuals to get a clear picture of the issue."

Tags:relationship, preschool, student

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that just like language, art is a learned skill, even though the impulse to create may be innate. The writer maintains that understanding the process of artistic development at a young age, and how preschool artistic skills develop into later artistic processes and creative abilities is essential to improve arts education, and the usefulness of the skills learned in creative arts are vital to justify the continued importance of artistic education within the school system. The writer discusses that children's artistic development, much like children's moral development and understanding of the conservation of matter is thought to proceed through four stages, moving towards a clearer and more concrete approximation of reality. The writer looks at these four stages and concludes that art teaches students motor skills, about space and depth, about using the world around them in a creative fashion, and helps them see things anew, as well as sharpens their realistic observational skills.

From the Paper
"The goal of art education is for preschoolers to retain their unselfconscious love of the artistic process while still building upon improved motor, cognitive, and recognition skills. Yet despite the fact that individual's artistic 'careers' often do not carry on past the school-age phase of realism, unlike writing, for preschoolers, using art is often much more effective to deal with and discuss powerful emotions than mere words, suggesting that graphic art has a unique use and value within the educational system that cannot be dismissed. For example, in dealing with traumatized victims of Hurricane Katrina, art therapy was found to be particularly useful in helping the children become more open abut their experiences."

Tags:draw, depth, line, figures

From the Paper
"Rembrandt van Rijn is best-known for his paintings, but he also produced a number of important drawings, including the "Self-Portrait" from c. 1637 currently in the Rosenwald Collection at the National Museum of Art in Washington D.C. Rembrandt was a Dutch painter, etcher, and draughtsman in the seventeenth century. He was especially noted for his portraiture, though he also painted landscapes and religious painting.


The "Self-Portrait" was produced in red chalk and is the only self-portrait the artist made in this fashion, though the drawing is closely related to others painted and etched around the same time. Rembrandt showed considerable interest in depicting his own face, and the self-portraits of this artist are many and are unrivaled in the seventeenth century or in the..."

Tags:ART: ARTISTS

Abstract
The author discusses the problems arising from the need for increased security and police activity in the light of rising crime rates and terrorism. However, according to the author, increased surveillance and police activity results in infringements of hard won human rights and civil liberties. The author of the paper contends that the parameters of the security apparatus must be carefully set, the boundaries between freedom and safety delineated in ways that do not blur the lines between public and civil rights. The writer also addresses the tendency for law enforcement agencies to judge segments of the population on the basis of race or religious background and how this also creates a situation where infringement of basic civil rights and liberties is possible. The author makes a personal statement at the end of the paper when he writes: "A society that loses its liberty is a police state. Modern day America is moving closer each day to that terrible point. "

From the Paper
"Such attitudes encourage police, and other security personnel, to look on African-Americans with suspicion, again, particularly if they are young and male. Within the emerging security state, this equal to a greater probability that young Black men will be stopped and searched - even without good cause. Young African-American males, and other members of similarly suspect groups, will be probed into more closely, their records checked or seized. More and more, both private businesses and government agencies are requesting criminal background checks and credit reports on persons whose only crime is that they fit "the profile." Intelligence agencies capture e-mails and telephone calls in an ever-widening search for suspicious catchwords and phrases. The recent story of the fight over immunity for telecommunications companies that provided FBI agents with free access to private communications is but a case in point."

Tags:police surveillance security guards cameras inspection terrorism, civil rights, public safety, extremists

Abstract
This paper discusses chapter 13 of Anthony Shadid's chronicle of the American military's recent experience in Baghdad, "Night Draws Near." The paper discusses the title of the chapter, "A Bad Muslim" and then looks specifically at American incomprehension of the Middle East and how it is a reoccurring pattern in American history. The paper looks at how Shadid's chapter 13 reflects this incomprehension.

From the Paper
"American incomprehension of the Middle East is a reoccurring pattern in American history. It lies partially misunderstanding of how America's close ties with Israel make it seem partisan in Arab eyes, not a neutral force as it regards itself, in its own democratic vision. It lies partially in the American ideal of secularism that is so anathema to the Middle East. Americans thought that ancient rivalries in Iraq could be swept away with new a new form of governance, with democratic ideals that America regards as universal ideals, and with superior but just military force. America thought that the terrors of the Saddam Hussein regime were enough to eradicate the hatred of America and the ideology of militant Islam. Instead, the chaos of civil war made religion and the identity afforded by nationalism even more comforting to Iraqis. Of course, it is not only in the Middle East that America has made this mistake: "Their destiny will be the same as in Vietnam," says one Iraqi (285). Hearing unfortunate American involvement in a foreign land analogized with Vietnam is nothing new for Americans, but it sounds especially chilling in the voice of an Iraqi, not just in the voice of an American critiquing the Iraqi war."

Tags:Islam, democracy, mindset, secular

Abstract
The paper relates that the drawing was accomplished by a 4 year old child in India by the name of Divij, and the gender of the child was unknown. The paper explains that a hand grip used for the drawing was most likely that used by adults, with the drawing instrument resting on the middle finger and held in place by the thumb and forefinger. The paper points out that this is, however, a quite advanced drawing position for an individual of this age. The paper relates that because of the advanced abilities of the individual anchoring did occur ("Drawing", n.d.).

From the Paper
"The drawing was accomplished by a 4 year old child in India by the name of Divij. The gender of the child was unknown. The hand grip used for the drawing was most likely that used by adults, with the drawing instrument resting on the middle finger and held in place by the thumb and forefinger. This is, however, a quite advanced drawing position for an individual of this age. Because of the advanced abilities of the individual anchoring did occur ("Drawing", n.d.). With regard to a baseline in the drawing, the baseline is indicated by the..."

Tags:art, analysis, child

Abstract
The paper is an analytical article review examining David Goutor's, "Drawing Different Lines of Color: The Mainstream English Canadian Labour Movement's Approach to Blacks and the Chinese, 1880-1914." The paper relates that originally appearing in "Labor Studies in Working-Class History of the Americas" in 2005, Goutor's article is a detailed examination of how Canadian labour unionists in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries retreated from racist constructions of Black Canadians while "vilifying" Chinese workers. Specifically, the article stresses how labour unionists of this period saw Black workers as being people who had unshackled themselves from an earlier tyranny not altogether different from the tyranny they (mainstream white unionists) faced as wage-earners in a capitalist society. The paper explains that at the same time, unionists tended to portray Chinese workers as being the embodiment of what would happen to workers if industrial capitalism continued to run amuck (Goutor, 75-76). With that in mind, this paper looks at how Goutor emphasizes anti-Chinese venom during the period in question by drawing from publications that might only represent a fragment of the total union population's sentiments - and by selectively citing some of the more ugly and vile primary materials available to him. At the same time, the strength of Goutor's article in other ways - his fairly solid treatment (in parts) of the very real economic fears of whites - is explored with the focus falling on his use of resources and his efforts to offer a measure of balance in detailing the unionist sentiments when jobs were not in peril.

From the Paper
"The following paper is an analytical article review examining David Goutor's, "Drawing Different Lines of Color: The Mainstream English Canadian Labour Movement's Approach to Blacks and the Chinese, 1880-1914." Originally appearing in "Labor Studies in Working-Class History of the Americas" in 2005, Goutor's article is a detailed examination of how Canadian labour unionists in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries retreated from racist constructions of Black Canadians while "vilifying" Chinese workers. Specifically, the article stresses how labour unionists of this period saw Black workers as being people who had..."

Tags:history, working, class