Abstract This in-depth paper explores the architecture of Japan from ancient times to the present day which has changed drastically. The writer discusses how Buddhism as a religion entered Japan and brought with it the architectural influences of the Chinese and Korean cultures which Japan adopted and made its own. While these historical monuments still remain and are cherished this form and material of their creation are no longer used. This paper examines the architectural artistry in Japan which is described as a dynamic art form that reflects the society and era in which it was introduced. Topics covered in this report include: Thesis Statement Abstract Influences Background Analysis Conclusion Thesis Support References
From the Paper "Under the influence of the West, modern Japanese architecture has come to regard rigid, steel-frame concrete-stiffened construction as the exemplar. Not only is the idea of balancing poles quite alien to this rigid style of construction, but, more fundamentally, this tradition, which regards a building as semi-permanent and therefore fixed and immutable, simply cannot accommodate the notion of a structure that moves about. Symbolically it is possible to present that the hanging pillar represents the final stage in the evolution of the shinbashira as a religious symbol. If the anchored pillar is seen as representing the gods dwelling within the earth and the pillar on a stone base as representing the gods on the earth, the suspended pillar may be taken to represent the gods of the skies."
This brief yet concise paper examines the current status of women in post-war Cambodia, which has drastically changed for the worse since the wars of the 1970s and 1980s.
Abstract This paper explores the widening gap between the sexes in post-war Cambodia. Cambodian women have a long history of playing important public roles and in Angkorian times women served as scientists, astronomers and doctors. However, modern Cambodian society has come to place more value on the woman as a homemaker. This paper details how this situation changed drastically with the wars of the 1970s and 1980s. Many women throughout Cambodia found themselves working outside the home, filling jobs that had been previously occupied by men. Women eventually began protesting their sub-standard working conditions and demanded higher wages. This paper examines the basic needs of women that are not being met by the Cambodian government that strongly believes that boys should be educated, while girls stay home, which accounts for the low literacy rates in girls. This paper also details the various international organizations that are geared towards improving the current conditions for women in Cambodia.
From the Paper "Over the next decade, the general per-capita income was much lower than in the rest of the region. Almost every rural household depended heavily on agriculture, particularly on wet rice cultivation. Rice has been the basis for most of Cambodia's foreign trade, for its national self-sufficiency and for its national revenues. There have been very few attempts to industrialize the country, and the manufacturing now is not yet extensive or large-scale. Most of the service sector is focused on trading activities. Furthermore, one of the legacies of thirteen years of war has been the ongoing depletion of the Cambodian workforce. Today, however, with a tentative peace, the workforce numbers about 4 million strong, and fully 50 percent of that population is made up of women."
Abstract The growing population of humans on Earth has led to some undesirable outcomes, namely a population of industrial producers. This paper looks at some of the scientific data that supports the idea that the Earth's temperatures are rising. The paper shows how greenhouse gases produced by humans can be held accountable for at least some of these drastic changes to the environment. Today global warming is one of the most discussed and debated environmental concerns. Global warming concerns every life form on earth, and can cause major ecological disruptions. The paper discusses how the ozone layer forms and breaks up continuously and how there are several pollutants that can cause ozone to breakup more rapidly than it does naturally. It shows how the most drastic changes in the ozone layer are visible over the Antarctic continent, where a hole in the ozone has formed.
From the Paper "Planet Earth is able to support life with the help of trapped radiation from the sun. Known as the greenhouse effect, radiation is absorbed by the Earth's surface warming the oceans and land. Varying season to season, the sun heats the Earth creating sustainable temperatures for life. This sustainability has developed an overabundance of life, and helped human population soar. The growing population of humans on earth has led to some undesirable outcomes, namely a population of industrial producers. There is much scientific data that supports the idea that the Earth's temperatures are rising. Greenhouse gases produced by humans can be held accountable for at least some of these drastic changes to the environment."
Abstract This paper looks at the drastically different interpretations by critics of "Measure for Measure". The comments of H.C. Goddard, Harold Bloom and Martin Lings are contrasted, who variously take the play as: a moral tale on the nature of authority and governance, a spectacle of extreme nihilism, and a mystical quest for spiritual redemption. The paper asserts that each of these writers has a distinctly valuable approach to Shakespeare's text, but none has captured the mysterious whole.
From the Paper "Measure for Measure has always been a difficult play to interpret, engendering many conflicting viewpoints. Much of twentieth century criticism tried to find a moral direction in the story, redeeming it from charges of inconsistency and vulgarity. R.W. Chambers, for example, insisted that "from first to last, the plot turns on the problem of punishment and forgiveness." [1] He took particular care to defend both Claudio and Isabella against accusations of selfishness, pointing out that Isabella is simply being human when she erupts at her brother Claudio in his prison cell, noting "there are things about which we cannot argue calmly.""
Tags: angelo, bloom, claudio, goddard, isabella, lings, lucio
Abstract This is an essay about the progression of morality. The author argues that morality progresses in human beings in one drastic, breathtaking moment, rather than gradually. This is an anecdotal, subjective view of the progression of morality.
From the Paper "To be truly human is to experience the universal struggle between good and evil. During early childhood, one is entirely unaware of what is "good" and what is ?bad.? One only knows what actions reap rewards and what actions provoke punishments. There comes a time in everyone's life when he or she discovers morals, and that time is the beginning of being truly human. That time is not a gradual shift; it is a moment, and a defining one in everyone's life?though it may not seem to be that important at the time. Because that moment is mostly a strange chill on the back of one's neck after doing something evil, or a light, airy feeling of joy at having done something benevolent, it is not an especially extraordinary moment. It is only with hindsight that the true meaning of that chill or that joy may be gleaned. As it just so happens, I recall when I discovered the revolting sweetness of being malicious and first understood evil as a real phenomenon, rather than what one calls a villain on a Saturday morning cartoon."
The paper discusses Darwin's self-proclamation of being the "murderer of God". It examines how Darwin forever altered the widespread belief of traditional Christianity that existed before the publication of his theories.
1,030 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, 2001, $ 36.95
Abstract This paper looks at the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin, and his most notable works, The Origin of the Species and The Descent of Man. The author examines how Darwin's theories were viewed by the church, the scientific community, and society in general. The paper discusses how the theory of evolution jarred the world, drastically changing people's views of God and creation.
From the Paper "Prior to Charles Darwin's publication of his novel, The Origin of Species, most people believed in some form of biblical creationism. The Origin of Species was published in 1859, containing theories of evolution and natural selection that were foundationally incompatible with many of the beliefs of the Church. Darwin was later quoted to have said that he "didn"t intend to murder God?, Small. However he did so in a sense?he forever altered the widespread belief of traditional Christianity that existed before the publication of his discoveries."
Abstract This paper is a character comparison and contrast of St. John Rivers and Mr. Rochester in Charlotte Bronte's ?Jane Eyre.? The author focuses on the differences in their manner of presenting themselves, in their dispositions, in their philosophies on life and on Jane, and also in their views of marriage and relationships.
From the paper:
"One device that authors use to make their characters stand out in the reader's memory is the use of the foil. In Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre, the two men in Jane's life are drastically different in their appearance, in their philosophies on life and love, and in the role they play in Jane's development. By delving into these differences, as well as noting where they are in agreement, it should be possible to learn more about the needs and wants of the heroine herself."
Abstract This paper reviews how the Chinese government implemented a strict one-child policy decades ago in order to control its drastic population explosion. The author indicates that although the policy was enforced with reward and punishment, it has been largely successful. However, this policy, against natural process of reproduction, is creating serious social issues such as gender imbalance and orphans. The policy is very controversial due to its inhumane approach including mass sterilizations and forced abortions, and the policy also violates a human right of reproduction. This paper examines whether China can supply enough food, jobs and places to live for its people despite this policy and what problems China will face in the future.
From the Paper "More than a fifth of the world's population lives in China today. Even though Chinese government had implemented a fairly successful One-child policy, Chinese population will continue to grow until it is estimated to level off sometime before 2100. Chinese government was successful in making people believe that having more than one child is not good for China's future. On the other hand, strict and inhumane policy had raised some issues in terms of basic human rights in reproduction and also damage to traditional values. However controversial the policy was, it helped to control China's population growth. The question China must answer is; Can China support itself today, and in the future?"
Abstract This is a fifteen-page paper on women's oppression in the Middle East and how it relates to contemporary issues in the United States. With the coming to power of Islamic fundamentalists in 1992, women's rights to full participation in social, economic, cultural and political life of the country was drastically curtailed and later on summarily denied them by the Taliban.
From the Paper "Islamic fundamentalism looks upon women as sub-humans, fit only for household slavery and as a means of procreation. Such an outrageous view has incredibly been elevated to the status of official policy with the coming to power of the ignorant Taliban who are still in control of 90% of Afghanistan including the capital Kabul. With the coming to power of Islamic fundamentalists in 1992, women's right to full participation in social, economic, cultural and political life of the country was drastically curtailed and later on summarily denied them by the Taliban. "
Abstract The following paper discusses the Japanese economic trends from the era of the rising sun ? from the postwar recovery of the 1950s to the mid 1970s and finally to the 90's. The author discusses what factors caused the era of the rising sun, namely international, cultural, political, and examines how this trend was based on an economic structure that was influenced but fundamentally different from American capitalism. In addition this paper retraces Japan's fall from glory to find many of the same factors of growth that lead it to its earlier success.
From the Paper " When the Asian Crisis struck, many economists dismissed the earlier vision of the Japanese miracle as a stroke of luck, and rejected the same factors they had extolled during its growth, denouncing the Japanese economic system as fundamentally dysfunctional and declaring victory of the superior American capitalism. Studying the Japanese system provides many lessons that the American system can emulate or remember to avoid as well. Japan's group collectivism and state-assisted, relationship-based capitalism helped Japan expand rapidly, and has much to offer. However, it also made the system very inflexible, unable to adjust itself to the constantly changing economic circumstances; in the long term, after the growth stopped, the economy suffered because of the system's harmful consequences."
Presented in the form of a proposal to the company's board of directors, this paper suggests a stress management program for employees of ABC Corporation.
Abstract This report summarizes the results of the Stress Management Plan conducted for the ABC Company, Limited. Employees at ABC consider themselves to be under extreme stress, related directly to their work environment. A large number of employees experience stress related physical symptoms and a large number engage in substance abuse to cope with this stress. The Stress management assessment identified several areas, which require drastic and immediate measures to correct. Recommendations to correct these measures are prioritized according to need. Some of these measures are expected to have an immediate effect and others will take longer.
Introduction
Methods
Discussion of Results
Conclusions
Recommendations
List of Appendices
The Survey
Raw Data
Percentages
Team Qualifications
Budget
From the Paper "This report is being prepared for the ABC Company President and Board of Directors. In response to a request to determine the needs of the company in the area of Stress Management Reduction. It will be presented to the Board of Directors at the March 29,2002 meeting of the Board and Executive committee. Management will use this report to implement the proposed Stress Reduction being presented in this report. At that time they will approve the plan and appoint a committee to oversee the implementation of the plan.
As indicated in the proposal, stress is a major concern for many businesses and stress can severely limit a person's ability to perform their job to the best of their abilities. Stress causes a wide range of illnesses and symptoms, ranging from minor to deadly. Stress Management should be a part of every strategic business plan, as it literally costs the company major portions of their margins due to absences and poor work performance. It is to every company's benefit to examine the levels and sources of stress in their work environment and to attempt to eliminate or reduce these stressing factors. To do so, not only shows the humanitarian side of the company, but can prove to be profitable as well."
The following paper discusses the Maynard vs. Wooley court case, a case which pushed the Supreme Court to reflect and evaluate the intricate web of rights and interactions between the individual, state and federal government.
Abstract The following paper discusses both sides of both issues of the Maynard vs. Wooley case. In 1969, the New Hampshire legislature approved a law that obligated most non-commercial motor vehicle license plates to display the state motto ?Live free or die.? This act of the state was intended to promote appreciation of state individualism, history, and pride, and on a more practical level to distinguish passenger New Hampshire license plates from others. George and Maxine Maynard, two devoted Jehovah's Witnesses residing in New Hampshire, however, were offended by the statement that conflicted with their religious and moral beliefs. Finding the statement objectionable, the couple covered then later cut out the words from the plate, believing that displaying them would be equal to an affirmation and open endorsement of the statement. Their refusal to carry the motto on their plate violated New Hampshire statutes RSA 262:27-c and RSA 263:1 that required the display of the motto on all non-commercial plates and outlawing any deliberate obscuration of or damage done to the motto. The Maynards objected to the fines and charges against him, and the case went to the New Hampshire state court, where the judge ruled in their favor. The interests of the people were put at risk for the pursuit of a state interest that was relatively quite insignificant and could be achieved in less drastic means. The author discusses the Supreme Court's final ruling that chose to place priority on personal freedoms and rights.
From the Paper "A great deal of the case focused on the state's violation of the First Amendment, which protects the Maynards" freedom of religion and speech, and of the Fourteenth Amendment, which provides that the citizens? rights cannot be infringed on by the state. The Maynards believed, and later the greater part of the Court agreed in Justice Burger's opinion, that the N.H. statute R.S.A 262:27-c itself was unconstitutional because it ?forces an individual, as part of his daily life ? constantly while his automobile is in public view ? to be an instrument for fostering public adherence to an ideological point of view he finds unacceptable. In doing so, the State ?invades the sphere of intellect and spirit which it is the purpose of the First Amendment to our Constitution to reserve from all official control.?
Tags: district, attorney, constitution, rights, personal, freedom, expression, individual, state
This paper delves into the psychological reasons why and how Lady Macbeth changed so drastically throughout the play of "Macbeth" by William Shakespeare.
Abstract A paper which focuses on the psychological aspects of dreams and psychoanalysis in order to make sense of Lady Macbeth's actions. The author of this paper examines how Lady Macbeth turns from a single-minded, ambitious, unforgiving murderer to a guilty, sleepwalking, absent-minded mess. The author delves into instances from the text that suggest what Lady Macbeth was going through at the time and shows how, psychologically, Sigmund Freud's theory of psychoanalysis would be suited best to find the reasoning behind Lady Macbeth's metamorphosis.
From the Paper "In order to make any headway into this subject, an overview of Freud's psychoanalytical theory is needed. Psychoanalysis is a theory that derives on the idea that the unconscious mind is driven by the sexual urges and primal instinct of man (Quigley 2). One of the most significant points in this theory is the idea that our inborn desires are governed by three separate entities designated as the Id, the Ego, and the Superego (Quigley 3). The Id is the part of the unconscious mind that contains the sexual, instinctive urges of man (Quigley 3). The Superego is the unconscious purveyor of the internalized rules of society; better known as the cautious part of the mind (Quigley 3). The Ego, on the other hand, is the medium between the Id and the Superego; the Ego takes the primal urge under advisement, brings the Superego into the equation, and comes to an eventual compromise between the two (Quigley 3)."
Abstract The paper studies risk factors for developing coronary heart disease such as heredity, smoking and poor diet and the effect each has on the heart. It then goes on to examine how the use of moderate exercise can drastically reduce these risks and assesses several kinds of exercises.
From the Paper "Jogging has become very popular, especially with the onset of spring. Jogging, along with aerobics, dancercise, jazzercise, swimming, cycling, using treadmills and stair masters are forms of aerobics exercise. They are also called endurance exercises. Aerobics exercises help build endurance, keep the heart at a steady and elevated rates boosting HDL ("good" cholesterol), strengthen the bones in the spine, help maintain normal weight and improve one's sense of well being. Another form of exercise is isometric training-weight training. Isometric exercise builds muscle strength, helps maintain bone density, improves digestion, and some research indicates, lowers LDL ("bad" cholesterol). ""
Abstract The paper shows that although Pepsi has dynamic strategic planning capabilities, it still cannot capture the competitor's markets and consumer loyalty that Coke possesses. It shows how Pepsi drastically needs to change its strategies so that it can capture a larger market and utilize its resources to the maximum. Various issues are addressed, including: Strengths (campaign leadership, organizational structure, retailers), Weaknesses (customer loyalty), Opportunities (brands, channels, geographical growth, technology), Threats and Strategic Planning.
From the Paper "Firstly Pepsi should expand its revenue. Currently the revenue is the same as Coke's but the difference is that Coke generates the same amount from the local market as the amount that Pepsi generates from its international markets combined. That is how strong a hold Coke has on the local market. Defeating Coke in its local market would mean that Pepsi is on top. It is going to be very difficult to expand itself here and capture the local market because from the past experiences Pepsi has learnt that Coke will apply any legal or illegal means to deter Pepsi from strengthening itself. So to increase the revenue, it would be wise to capture the international; markets and establish itself there. This is achievable because Pepsi gives competitive prices and can manage to sell internationally at prices that are equal lent to the local market that they intend to penetrate. That is why consumers internationally readily accept Pepsi. "
