Abstract The paper states that an economic downturn is easily responsible for the triggering of mental illness due to its long lasting and far reaching impact on the ability to cause stress and suffering. The paper describes mental illness caused by the sense of hopelessness created by being jobless. The paper presents examples such as suicides during the Great Depression.
From the Paper "Within the last five years federal and state mandates have made welfare something that is limited for those who collect it. Generations who have depended on the system are finding themselves with a time limit for getting off the doles. The economic downturn of the nation coinciding with the new federal welfare mandates can collide and cause recipients to be fearful for the future. This fear can be aggravated by the inability to find jobs, the cost of daycare, and other things that a booming economy might take care of on its own."
Abstract Discusses impact on airline of downturn in travel after 9/11. Reduction of passengers & flights. Steps that need to be taken to maintain profitability. SWOT analysis. The Southwest concept. Recommends building up leisure market & business travel & continuing military fare discounts. Necesity of advertising & marketing. Competitive position.
From the Paper "Southwest and the Airline Industry After September 11
While the airline industry had been falling victim to higher fuel prices and lower load factors even before September 11, the grounding of all airlines flying in, to, or from the U.S. for two days and the public's increasing fear of flying has caused billions of dollars in losses, and not merely in the U.S. Swissair, for generations the epitome of "class" among international airlines , stopped flying until it was rescued by a $380 million bailout by Swiss banks- and then only until October 28. Nearly every airline in America cut back its schedules and laid off or furloughed thousands of workers. Until now, the one beacon of continuity was Southwest Airlines, a highly successful short-hop airline- perhaps the most profitable in the U.S. But now, even this airline has had to make some..."
Abstract This paper examines how Japan has the second largest economy in the world with a high Domestic Product (GDP) and a very high standard of living. Japan's foreign exchange reserves are the largest in the world ($203.22US billion in 1998) and Japan is the world's largest creditor. It analyzes the reasons for the downturn in its economy in the 1990s during which Japan found itself in 1997 in its worst recession since World War II. It examines the several significant structural adjustments that needed be made to the Japanese economy as recommended by economists in order to normalize its economy. It discusses issues such as the need for the banks to clean up bad debts and the steps corporate management had to take to deal with the effect of having to pay the world's highest labor costs, which resulted from the strong yen pushing up Japan's average wages to the highest in the world. It also looks at the effects of globalization on Japanese industry.
From the Paper "The Japanese economy faces several challenges in its attempt to normalize its economy. Its history of government intervention is contrary to classical economic free-market theories that would argue the economy should be left unregulated so that it could correct itself. While Japanese government intervention may have been necessary in the post-war period, its artificial schemes may now hinder it progress. For example, Japan must control its costs to compete with global prices. Yet, the Japanese government continues to set the prices of services, in particular the prices of utility services such as the prices of electricity, communications services, and highway tolls. The government determines these prices by adding what is called reasonable profit margins onto costs."
Abstract This paper explores the effects on the airline industry since the September 11 terrorist attacks in America. While the attacks happened specifically in the U.S., the paper notes that the effects were felt throughout the global airline industry. Specifically, the paper looks at the downturn in business experienced by British Airways and the subsequent government action which was taken to help the industry.
From the Paper "The airline industry of Britain and elsewhere in the world has had a drastic set back due to the recent political climate. Although many airlines attribute the September 11 attacks as the core reason for their deteriorated performance nevertheless, according to a KPMG Corporate Finance report the European Airlines have been involve in a cyclical that entails financial performance dependent on fuel costs as well as exchange rate fluctuation."
Abstract This paper examines how the Malaysian economy was doing very well with industrial growth graphs that were on the higher end of the trend and how the GDP was increasing positively, but then the sudden economic downturn caused a sudden plunge in the growth of the industries. It looks at how the construction industry, however, survived the down trend and has now started showing trends of growth and amazing future prospects, giving a lot of hope to investors and reviving consumer confidence. It shows how the construction industry is very important in the economic growth of the country due to the amount of industry linked to it.
From the Paper "Due to the economic crisis, the industry suffered tremendously. This is because as the economy had a set back the blooming construction industry had a sudden fall and a major drop in the ever-highflying growth graph. Suddenly everything was stagnated in the construction industry and no new work was done. There were a lot of projects that were delayed due to this economic downfall. The industry had excess capacity, but not enough work for production, which caused a gap bringing the growth of the industry down. The government made several efforts to evoke the construction industry. However, the industry responded positively to the economic revival in the year 1999 as there was a GDP growth of 5.8 % and the output of the construction industry had fallen only by 5.6%."
Abstract This paper explains that the drug, Crestor, burst onto the market, rather than slowly unfurling as is more common in product introductions, because the demand for this drug was so tremendous. The author points out that Crestor reached maturity relatively quickly; several competitors entered the market, but Crestor's extensive advertising projected a superior drug in comparison to its statin-blocking competitors. The paper relates the potential early demise of Crestor because the FDA is questioning the safety of stain drugs, and Crestor seems poised to face costly litigation, which could deplete any attempts to manage effectively its current downturn.
From the Paper "Thus, after a period of development, a product is introduced or launched into the market. Hopefully, for its makers, it gains more and more customers as it grows in reputation and customers desire to use it more and more, and see its value in their daily lives. Then, eventually the market stabilizes and the product becomes mature. Competitors seize some of the market share and deploy other systems of maximizing their own value chains. After a period of time the product is overtaken by development and the introduction of superior competitors, it goes into decline and is eventually withdrawn. Of course, most products fail in the introduction phase. Others have very cyclical maturity phases where declines reverse, and the life cycles begin again as the product is promoted and regains customers and market share."
Abstract This paper examines the article "Psychology of Spending: Where Does Belt-Tightening Begin" by economist Cynthia Crossen, about the impact of the stock market shifts on perception of wealth and spending patterns. The paper thoroughly reviews the article and explains its economic basis, which is the theory of marginal utility. The author then applies this theory to the hypothetical question of purchasing a Rolls Royce Silver Cloud during an economic downturn. The author concludes that the car would ultimately be a good investment because its value depreciates extremely slowly.
From the Paper "As demand shifts downward because of a lackluster economy, the supply also shifts along with consumer needs. Since the consumer demand for certain goods such as luxury automobiles, state of the art electronics, CDs and other luxury goods decrease, the industry supply of such goods also will decrease. The article explains that in the Great Depression, many Americans went back to their rural roots because when they take on more primitive positions they feel less of the affects of the depression. In our current era, this has changed because of our governmental policies to prevent severe depression such as Social Security, welfare, and unemployment insurance. Therefore although consumer spending on luxury goods decreases, there is still a market for goods. Producers will continue to have a supply of goods as long as consumers are willing to spend money on luxury goods. The combination of our dependence of many luxury goods, and our ability to have money even during recessions makes it so that the overall restrictions on supply are not as stringent as if the recession was occurring during the Great depression or the recessions of the 1980s."
Abstract This paper presents a research proposal that aims to analyze the statistical relationship between four national economic indicators -- real GDP (gross domestic product), unemployment rates, the performance of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the presence of recessions -- and the number of murders attributed to serial murders between 1950 and 2000. The paper aims to determine whether economic downturns can motivate serial killers, like other criminals, toward action.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology
Expected Results
From the Paper "After all, even if the study demonstrates correlation, it can not indicate exactly why such correlation exists. If we learn that there is a relationship between economic performance and serial murder, it may not be because serial killers become depressed or enraged by economic decline. It may simply be that economic fluctuations increase opportunities for serial killers. For example, a down economy may lead to increases in homelessness or prostitution, which would aid serial killers who prey upon those groups. In short, the "why" behind any correlation will have to be the subject of future inquiry. In fact, many future lines of inquiry could be opened by my research. I believe this research could prove to be an important first step in a new area of study."
Abstract This report discusses the stock market crash of 1987 by delving into some of the less obvious reasons for that dramatic day on Wall Street. The report also provides additional insights into how and why investors are in the game and why they were so taken aback by that particular market downturn. This testimony also examines some of the consequences that occurred immediately following the events and how those series of events have carried through to the mindset of present-day investments and the Federal Reserve Bank's policies and procedures. The report then attempts to ascertain some lessons learned so as to avoid repeating history. Finally, this report attempts to explain some investor philosophies that are continually occurring throughout history and takes a look at the steps taken by the overseers of the market itself, which have the sole purpose of preventing future crashes of the magnitude of 1987's downturn.
From the Paper "The bottom line is that these bubbles have historically been caused by greed and maybe even a in the human animal. Whatever the reason, it is more than apparent that investors keep repeating the same mistakes as though there have never been other speculative bubbles to learn from. Some examples of speculative bubbles have memorable names such as the Tulip-Bulb craze and the Florida Real Estate Craze. But of interest here is the Crash of 1987."
Abstract This paper examines the causes and effects of the revolt of 1798 in Ireland. It examines the social, political, and economic factors leading up the revolt. It includes penal laws and alliance between Catholic and Presbyterians. It also looks at the effects of the revolt including the Act of Union and economic downturn of the early 1800s.
From the Paper "It is difficult to place your finger on one cause of the revolt of 1798. The revolt was the culmination of years of events in Ireland and abroad. New ideas and decades old grievances combined to create one of the bloodiest events on the island. One single event did not cause the revolt."
Abstract This paper reviews the strengths and weaknesses of Japan's economy as shown in the Michael Porter book, "Can Japan Compete?" It focuses on the downturn in the economy since 1998 and how it came about and ideas on how it can turn around. It points to the involvement of Japan's government industry leaders in the mistakes they made in focusing too much on efficiency and market share rather than profitability and clear strategies for the future.
Table of Contents
1. Preface
2. Summary
3. Critique
4. Valuable Side
5. Weakness
6. Conclusion
From the Paper "This book is written by a leading authority on competitive strategy and international competitiveness, Michael Porter, and his colleagues, Hirotaka Takeuchi and Mariko Sakakibara, who have in-depth understanding of Japanese economic development. The authors try to uncover the magic behind this country. It outlines the steps that will be necessary to restore Japanese's economy and uplift the competitiveness of those uncompetitive sectors. And to provide a solution that challenges the conventional wisdom. The ultimate goal is to develop a new national economic strategy."
The following paper examines the way in which the declining number of desktop PC shipments in the U.S. and worldwide, in 2001, has given a new challenge to the PC industry.
Abstract This paper explores the factors that caused the decrease in desktop industry growth. This essay focuses on new technology substitution, competition forced price-cutting, and decrease in consumer demand. The author contends that portable PC's will eventually outsell desktops
From the Paper "PC makers, especially branded vendors, then can turn to small business, which has been growing enormously in the last five years. There is a great demand in using the Internet to facilitate the work-at-home businesses, which means this could be a fast expanding and stable market to rely on for several years in the future.What people need nowadays is simply to make the most of the effective and efficient use and maximum performance of the hardware as advertised by each company. If they need to combat the time with the fast growing internet era, then the speedy and accurate software is what business people need. Industry needs to grow various options to customers where they can choose what they need and in some good options. An industry may need to develop direct selling through customers, getting more various new entries in market diversification. "
Abstract This paper examines the way in which fierce competition in the automotive industry forces competitors to offer innovative and unique products and services if they want to survive. The writer examines the dilemma created for companies that want to take advantage of open competition, yet are apprehensive about the risks involved in such ventures during economic downturns. Suggested strategies for new competitors are also discussed in this paper.
From the Paper "It would be nearly impossible to deny that the automobile has become a necessity in modern society. Few Americans can imagine their lives without the convenience of automotive transportation, and even fewer would want to try. It is our great dependence on this form of transportation that makes the automotive market so competitive. It is the changing marketplace however, that fuels this competition, causing the opportunities available to fluctuate dramatically."
Abstract This paper discusses Japan's rise to the international forefront at the beginning of the twentieth century and examines how the economic downturn in the 1920s paved the way for the rise of the militarists and ultimately to Japanese aggression in the 1930s.
From the Paper "In 1920 Japan's wartime economic boom distorted, and the country suffered a series of recessions. The great Kanto earthquake of 1923, which devastated the Tokyo-Yokohama region, aggravated bad economic conditions. Agricultural prices plunged, and the rural economy became indolent. A major bank panic in 1927 set off alarm bells, but conditions grew much poorer with the onset of the Great Depression?the global economic slump that began at the end of 1929. Japan's manufacturing production fell, workers were laid off, a new wave of strikes began, and the rural economy went into a tailspin."
This paper explores how the tragic events of 9-11-01 and economic downturn effected, both negatively and positively, the gaming (casino gambling) industry which is big business in the United States.
Abstract This paper states that, immediately after September 11, the negative impact of that day's horrible terrorist attacks was felt in the gaming industry especially in casinos that are dependent on air travel which decreased markedly. The author feels that, even during tough economic times, Americans tend to gamble more. The paper cites various stock analysis reports that are favorable to the industry.
From the Paper "Newer, alternative destinations for casinos, however, have helped other gaming industry companies. Slot machine companies like International Game Technology (IGT) have prospered since September 11. As Christopher Palmeri writes, ?Tough economic times often prompt states to seek new sources of revenue, such as casinos. The 1970s brought Atlantic City, and the early 1990s saw riverboat gambling spread in the Midwest. Casino gambling is now being considered in eight states, most notably New York, Pennsylvania, and Kentucky.?
