This Masters paper discusses how, despite so many advantages, new forms of technology also downplay, rather than facilitate, the globalization processes.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 4 sources, 2002, $ 71.95
Abstract This Masters paper discusses how, despite so many advantages, new forms of technology also downplay, rather than facilitate, the globalization processes.
Tags: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY / TECHNOLOGIES AND SOCIETY, blessing or curse
Abstract This paper explains that American consumers are impressionable and pharmaceutical ads can be some of the most compelling in the marketplace tending to downplay the risks associated with specific drugs or list the risks in a "laundry list" at the end of a commercial or print ad. The author points out that doctors listen to their patients who clamor for a specific treatment or drugs because they have seen it advertised and feel it applies directly to their treatment or illness: Many physicians recognize the danger it implies to the medical community and their patients. The paper suggests that patients are prescribing their own medications because of increased awareness due to advertising and, as the medical community continues to sanction this behavior, it seems clear that more problems and health related troubles will occur.
From the Paper "Pharmaceutical companies have always marketed their products, but until the late 1980s, companies geared their marketing only to physicians and healthcare professionals. In 1990, two prestigious medical groups, the American Medical Association (AMA), and the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (PMA), created specific ethical guidelines that strongly recommended physicians should not accept marketing gifts and consideration from pharmaceutical companies because of the ethical nature of accepting these gifts. Then, in 1997, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued guidelines that allowed drug makers to specify uses for their drugs in their advertising. Again in 2003 some of these marketing issues were addressed when the "U.S. Office of the Inspector General released guidelines for companies' interaction with health care professionals in connection with federal health care programs." Thus, marketing strategies for drug companies changed. Where they once had wooed physicians with free meals, gifts, and cash incentives to prescribe their medicines, increasingly, pharmaceutical companies turned toward marketing to the consumer, rather than the healthcare professional."
Abstract De Sica is probably best remembered for his 1948 film, "The Bicycle Thief". It is a compelling cinematic commentary about post-war, post-Mussolini Italy. One of the striking features about it is the way in which de Sica downplays the emotions of the lead character in order to allow the setting, Rome, to take precedence.
Abstract This paper looks at the comparisons between the book by Charlotte Bronte "Jane Eyre" and the film version made in 1944 starring Orson Welles and Joan Fontaine. The paper discusses the idea and concept of how the two formats differ in some ways and in others fit perfectly. Furthermore the paper looks at the concept of feminism and how it is translated into the book and how the feminist issue is noticeably missing or downplayed within the film version.
Abstract This paper is a book report on Dani Rodrik's book "Has Globalization Gone Too Far?" This well-argued and creative approach to globalization tries to adopt a rational median path between those who zealously support international economic integration and others who fervently condemn it. Rodrik objectively weighs up both the benefits and risks of such global economic integration, and criticizes mainstream economists for downplaying its dangers.
This paper discusses that no other time in history has media been as important to the outcome of a conflict as television was during the 1991 Persian Gulf War.
Abstract The paper relates that military control over the media, used to assert power and regulate content, is an instrument of war. This paper explains, whereas Iraq was only a small, developing nation that posed little threat to the United States, many considered Hussein to be a serious danger to the American way of life; Hussein was made a scapegoat. The author points out that the media helped downplay the devastation by focusing national attention on atrocities by Iraqi occupiers in Kuwait, rather than on attacks by the Allied coalition.
From the Paper "The next phase of media propaganda began with the start of armed conflict between Iraq and the US on January 16, 1991. Weeks of aerial bombardment followed until, on February 23, a ground attack was launched that forced Iraqi forces out of Kuwait and positions in southern Iraq. The assault lasted only one hundred hours with President Bush announcing a ceasefire once it was over. The American losses were amazingly low, only 148 killed (many from "friendly fire") and 467 wounded. Iraqi deaths, never calculated, are estimated to be as high as two hundred thousand."
Abstract This paper begins by explaining how a child sex offender is defined and then takes a look at the reasons that make it difficult to determine its prevalence in society. The paper points out that the tendency to under report child sex offense cases as well as the tendency to downplay or dismiss the sexually abusive conduct as simple sexual curiosity make dealing with the problem more difficult. The paper also discusses problems with the way law enforcement handles child sex offense cases and the unfortunate results of not taking seriously this very threatening behavior. Additionally, the paper describes the differences between male child sex offenders and female child sex offenders and discusses some of the treatment options now available for these offenders.
From the Paper "In addition to the fact that treatment and counseling are often suggested as opposed to criminal prosecution, is the fact that minors are often given the opportunity top plea bargain out of more serious charges, and therefore avoid the stigma of the, "sex offender" for the remainder of their lives. This leniency does more to enable the behavior in the future, than cure the problem and help the individual in the meantime. Additionally, it does nothing to reward brave victims for asserting their rights to be free from sexual assaults regardless of the age of the persecutor."
Abstract This paper reviews Bernard Lewis's book "The Middle East". This paper takes a look at Lewis's aim to provide a concise history of the region over the past two millennia, with an emphasis that is somewhat different to that of many of his predecessors. This paper shows how Lewis sees one fundamental shortcoming of previous writers in that they have downplayed the significance of the pre-Islamic rivalry between Byzantium and Persia.
From the Paper "Additionally, Lewis tackles the driving issue of Western influence upon the Middle East. To him, the most apparent outward indicator of the recent changes in the region is how people dress: "The first, most obvious visible change is in the clothes that he [the stereotypical citizen] wears." (Lewis, 3). Nevertheless, this change must be put into its historical context; this is not the first time that cultural changes, like dress, have come about through outside influences. Lewis notes that this also occurred when the Mongols invaded in the Middle Ages. Lewis also sees many of the current political and social battles in the Middle East as stemming from the divisions created by the colonial powers. So, if there was one pervasive theme that a historian could extract from the history of the region, according to Lewis, it would be dispute and competition between opposing powers. "
Abstract This paper discusses how Chinese historians have tended to downplay the impact of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368) upon China and how this is an understandable tendency given the fact that the Yuan Dynasty was a non-Chinese dynasty of nomadic conquerors. However this hostility has resulted in Chinese historians often overlooking the accomplishments of this Dynasty in their period of rule in China. It examines the Mongol impact upon China in terms of economy, religion, intellectual and cultural life and foreign relations.
This paper presents the thesis that physical and social attributes, such as race and ethnicity, determine social interaction and involvement within society.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, 2005, $ 62.95
Abstract The paper maintains that there is a tendency among white people living in Canada to downplay or ignore the relevance and importance of race or ethnicity, or even to be utterly unaware of it. However, people who belong to minorities in Canada contend that race and ethnicity have a powerful influence over social interaction and involvement within Canadian society. This paper shows that the people belonging to minorities are in fact correct: race and ethnicity do, to a large extent, determine social interaction and involvement within Canadian society.
Abstract This paper seeks to explore the effect of rape myths on the victim. The paper explains that rape myths are stereotyped, false and prejudicial beliefs which serve to downplay the perpetrator's responsibility and criminality while shifting blame towards the victim. The paper looks at how these myths continue to be entrenched in society and thus dominate the general attitudes towards this crime. It also discusses how the myths contribute significantly to victims' feelings of guilt and often make it impossible for them to realize that they have even been raped.
From the Paper "To understand their dilemma we have to consider the societal predispositions towards the subject, the gender roles engrained in both women and men and the self protective mechanisms that exist in both the rapist and the society that tolerates his actions. The legal definitions of rape so far include forced vaginal, oral and anal sex that was either accomplished or attempted. Date rape, more specifically, is sexual assault that occurs when victim and perpetrator know each other through some form of accepted social contact. It is an act which uses sex as a weapon to exert power and humiliate, which makes this such a unique scenario, legally and personally. "
Abstract This paper contends that although anti-gun liberals try to downplay the importance of, and would like to eliminate, the Second Amendment, it is still there in all of its misinterpreted glory. It looks at how these arguments, and the facts contradicting them, are but a few of the many lies that liberals spew on a daily basis and how the evidence clearly indicates that the more guns in existence in the hands of honest citizens, the safer America will be.
From the Paper "A horrendous oversight made by gun control groups and the politicians that make laws limiting access to firearms is the failure to differentiate between law-abiding citizens and criminals. The anti-gun way of thinking assumes that there is no reason to own a gun, except to use it as a weapon in the commission of a crime. However, they do not take into account the many legitimate reasons to own a firearm. For example, pistol shooting is a popular sport, with some professionals engaged in million-dollar contracts (NCPA, 12). Pistol hunting is also a widely enjoyed activity, which runs contrary to anti-gun propoganda. Last, but definitely not least, guns provide a great sense of security when owned for personal protection. In a survey conducted, sixty-two percent of firearm-owning households stated that protection from crime was an important reason for them owning guns."
Abstract In this article, the writer points out that many scholarly articles and studies of 'Twelfth Night' tend to downplay the literary importance of the play by categorizing it as a genial and charming play. The writer maintains that there is not anything inherently abominable about being either genial or charming, but these two words do not do justice to Shakespeare's deceptively "light" play. 'Twelfth Night' is not a tragedy, but this does not prevent Shakespeare from exploring, through comedy, several fundamental themes of human existence: love, grief, and desire. This paper analyzes Shakespeare's exploration of these existential themes as they appear in 'Twelfth Night' and argues that the playwright, through comedy, unveils the ludicrousness and inappropriateness of extravagant and sentimental emotion.
From the Paper "The question and the man who asks it barely register in Orsino's mind, but he is quick to pull out his readily available stock of conventional wisdom as soon as he breaks his reverie, and responds to Curio's question with a trite metaphor on love and hunting. No wonder, then, that the servants show signs of impatience and restlessness: their master is luxuriating in a state of complete self-absorption, and the outside world (or the beings that inhabit it) have ceased to exist. Of course, this matters not at all to the extravagant Orsino, as he is completely clueless as to what transpires around him and simply lacks the energy (in the manner of all love-sick gentleman) to engage in hunting or other depleting physical activities.
"Olivia, too, embodies these same characteristics, and it is perhaps unfortunate that the two do not make their own happy ending. Similarly to her determined pursuer, Olivia's emotional "disorder" reveals itself through her conversations with Cesario. The reader knows, before even encountering Olivia, that she is in mourning for a beloved brother. "
Abstract The paper discusses the term, "friends With benefits" that is used with a tongue-in-cheek attitude. The paper states that it has been downplayed as a fun type of relationship precluding the commitment level of a more serious attachment. The paper confirms that it is a sexual relationship between friends, without the time or emotional commitment of a romantic relationship and is seen as including all the fun of a sexual relationship without the commitment. The paper warns that it has also not been recognized that the consequences of such a lack of commitment could be both emotionally and physically harmful, which is particularly so among the young and inexperienced. This paper explores the nature of the "friends with benefits" phenomenon and its possible consequences; both positive and negative together with its manifestations among the very young and young adults, with recommendations on how harm could be minimized.
Outline:
Literature Review
Theoretical Application
Implications
Conclusion
From the Paper "According to Murphy (2005), the phrase was coined around 1995, and popularized by an Alanis Morrisette song. The concept has subsequently been implemented by the young generation in their 20s, and further popularized by the media in shows such as Sex and the City (with the term "fuck buddy") and more recently Boston Legal. Murphy further notes however that, as mentioned above, the dangers of the practice have started to make themselves clear in the lives and environment of people in high schools and even in junior high schools. Indeed, the "benefits" include enjoying the physical pleasure of sex without the premature burden of responsibility and commitment, and also a form of sexual empowerment for girls. Benedict Carey (2007) holds that the perceived benefits of such a relationship relates to the fact that the friendship adds an element of longevity that is absent from a fling or a one-night stand. It also provides a sense of companionship that is generally absent from other brief sexual encounters and generally only comes with a longer-term commitment."
Abstract The paper examines the article "Becoming a Doctor" by Lewis Thomas, in which Thomas traces the history of medicine from its earliest roots all the way through several modern medical revolutions in the 19th and 20th centuries. The paper discusses how Thomas criticizes the focus of much of modern medicine and suggests that Thomas seems to have downplayed the breathtaking advances of medical science and focused too heavily on what is still left to learn in the future.
From the Paper "In his essay, Becoming a Doctor, Lewis Thomas traces the history of medicine from its earliest roots in the common human fear of illness and death and the superstitious practices of the ancient shaman all the way through several modern medical revolutions in the 19th and 20th centuries. He characterizes medicine as a field of knowledge that does not accumulate in layers, but rather, one that undergoes wholesale revolutions of new information that completely replace previous understandings and therapeutic philosophies based on those understandings of disease mechanisms."
