Abstract
This paper examines W.E.B Dubois literary piece "Double Consciousness" about the conflict focusing around the life of colored people and their struggle to live life bound by the intense realms of racial injustice in a prejudicial American society. It looks at how Dubois shows how blacks had to live their life on a day to day basis, thinking of themselves with a ?double consciousness.? In one consciousness, colored people looked at themselves with an allegiance and pride of their African culture and its traditions and in the other were coerced to look at themselves in the way that the dominant culture perceived them to be. It shows how Dubois uses such techniques like mighty phrases of repetition, symbolic structures and unique narrative tone in order to convey his concept of ?double consciousness? into the mind of the reader.

From the Paper
"Furthermore, Dubois utilizes more elements of structural devices that enrich his essay. In the third paragraph of Dubois? literary piece, his tone is quite unique in relaying a message to the reader. In this last paragraph, Dubois places no periods until nearly the end of the paragraph. Indeed, the author does this for it provides the structure of the essay with a unique rhythm that overwhelms the reader with a series of ideas and vital conceptions. The narrative technique here raises the tone of the literary piece while formulating tension and surprise, which coerces the reader to keep reading to see how this immense tension will resolve."

Tags:blacks, culture, prejudice, racism, society

Abstract
In this paper the author looks at the biographical typology of the conversion narrative, the structurally and thematically fixed point of the conversion, the consistent intrusion of a double perspective and the allegories of spiritual progress that appear in Daniel Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe". He analyzes these points to show that they all provide the narrative with moments of coherence and meaning. The author looks at "Robinson Crusoe" not as a spiritual autobiography, or even properly a conversion narrative; but as a tangential account of Crusoe's life which intrudes only along the margins of the narrative, with flashes of coherence and pattern that serve to set off the general experience of the narrator. He looks at this as an experience which tends toward wandering, indirectness and confusion. In conclusion, the author states that the beginning of the novel "Robinson Crusoe" is actually the end of the novel where the course of human life is only touched by completeness and in doing so Defoe is cleverly telling the reader about the confusion of human experience.

From the Paper
"The genius of Defoe's novel partly lies in the association of these two antithetical narrative structures into a single narrative. Defoe had his eye on the Puritan conversion narrative but also on the earlier long fiction of the seventeenth century, the romance. The conversion narrative, in particular the spiritual autobiography, often appears to lend the narrative pattern and coherence. The adventure or romance narrative offers Defoe not only a structure for the piling on of wonders and variety, but undercuts the coherence and meaning inherent in the conversion narrative, and ultimately the patterning of history or biography in any sense. Spiritual autobiography fails to supply an organizing principle for Crusoe's life, despite the narrator's attempts, because Crusoe's underlying "malaise", his integral restlessness, 2 constantly thrusts his life out of the enclosures imposed by the conversion event."

Tags:paradox, establishment, structure, spiritual, history, journey, deliverance

Abstract
Blues music has been considered an important and popular music genre in the history of American music. The paper discusses one of the most important and significant characteristics of blues music - the fact that it illustrates double conscience, wherein an underlying meaning can be found explicitly or implicitly in the song's lyrics. Examples of themes are the social and personal experiences of the African-Americans in their lives as slaves of the white American society and as laborers in most Southern cotton plantations. The paper examines how the social and personal relevance of blues music to the black Americans is evident in many works of literature depicting black American slavery such as Frederick Douglass' , "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave." The paper also analyzes three Blues songs to show how the theme of double conscience - "Strange Fruit" by Billie Holiday, "No Education" by Lightning Hopkins, and "Black, Brown, and White" by Big Bill Broonzy.

From the Paper
"Meanwhile, "Black, Brown, and White" by Big Bill Broonzy is a song that generally discusses certain issues about discrimination among people who have different physical colors: the Blacks, Whites, and Browns (or the mulattos, as they are commonly called). Broonzy's song utilizes colors as the primary aspect that distinguishes the privileges that an individual should have. All throughout the song, the line, " if you is white/ You's alright/ If you's brown/ Stick around/ But if you's black/ Hmm, hmm, brother/ Get back, get back, get back" is repeated after every stanza, to further reinforce the fact that among the physical differences of people in the world, the Blacks are considered the most unfortunate of all, denied the opportunity to obtain a good job, to receive a high salary, and to enjoy the simple leisure and joys of life. Once again, the song utilizes narrative description as a way to illustrate and extend the message of discrimination to black Americans because of physical appearance and the issue of injustice and unequal treatment among people of their race (African-American)".

Tags:slavery, Mississippi, Delta, protest

Abstract
The paper examines McClintock's argument in "Double Crossings: Madness, Sexuality and Imperialism" that mental illness has been constructed as a condition, not only of sexual deviance but also of racial deviance, in dangerous liaison with each other. The paper explains that the context of this argument is South Africa during the 1930s, where a white woman became pregnant with a black man. She was labeled with premature senile dementia and confined for life to a mental institution. The paper examines the issues involved in this narrative of Bessie Emery and her daughter, the novelist Bessie Head, that include gender, race and colonialist hegemony.

Tags:women, africa, sexuality

Abstract
This paper explains that gothic novels often establish a sense of mystery which is aided, to a greater or lesser extent, by some involvement with supernatural forces, often relying on religious
conventions for expression in the text. In Charlotte Bronte's "Jane Eyre", this sense of religious or supernatural mystery allows Jane to expostulate from her double-narrative point of view on the suspicious happenings at Thornfield House, where Jane is employed as a governess. The author points out that the role of religion can be seen in many ways in the novel using the characters Mr. Brocklehurst, St. John Rivers, Jane (the protagonist) and Rochester as the opposite of the role of religion. The paper relates that "Jane Eyre" takes place in a
society plagued by situations in which women are regarded as religious angels who are kept in a state of either decorative consumption or holistic servitude.

From the Paper
"When Jane is relating to Mr. Brocklehurst at the school, he is a religious figure who gives mandates and constantly draws attention to the faults of others. Like St. John Rivers later in the novel, this character represents what Jane sees to be religious authority, and its goal towards her life is apparently repressive in nature. "And I was placed there, by whom I don't know: I was in no condition to not particulars; I was only aware that they had hoisted me up to the height of Mr. Brocklehurst's nose, and that a spread of shot orange and purple silk pelisses, and a cloud of silvery plumage extended and waved
below me. (He said) 'You see she is yet young... Who would think that the Evil One had already found a servant and agent in her?'" (Bronte). It can be seen therefore that Brocklehurst represents a sort of oppression over Jane in terms of influencing perceptions of her early in the novel."

Tags:bildungsroman, supernatural, mystery, double-narrative, women

Abstract
A literary analysis of Euripides' "Medea" as a drama that has a double narrative action: a domestic drama on one level but a drama that illustrates the patterns of universal law on a second, higher level.

From the Paper
"At one level, the action of Medea is a domestic drama with Jason's betrayal motivating Medea's extreme revenge. A second narrative action is enriched by the high emotion of the first but it unfolds in a different context of reality. The second narrative is not secondary in the sense of inferiority but of a higher order unfolding in the eternal cosmos. At the cosmic level, Medea becomes mainly a symbolic narrative with the characters' actions representing behavior important well beyond the circumstance of naturalistic..."

Tags:cosmic justice, domestic drama, universal laws

Abstract
This paper looks at Margaret Atwood's text, "Penelopiad," and discusses how the Canadian author uses her revision of the ancient tale of Odysseus and Penelope to offer a feminist counter-narrative to Homer's legendary myth. In particular, the paper discusses the double-standards, hypocrisies, and hierarchies which relegated the maids to second-class status (and also to death) and forced Penelope to wait almost interminably for a faithless husband. Finally, in addition to looking at the sexual violence that Atwood feels pervades the original narrative, the paper discusses the author's emphasis upon how women in the antique world of Homer were treated as reproductive vessels and as little more than that. In the end, the new myth is an inversion of sorts of the old one, with the female voice becoming paramount.

From the Paper
"The following paper will look at Margaret Atwood's text, Penelopiad, and discuss how the Canadian author uses her revision of the ancient tale of Odysseus and Penelope to offer a feminist counter-narrative to Homer's legendary myth. In particular, the next several pages will discuss the double-standards, hypocrisies, and hierarchies which relegated the maids to second-class status (and also to death) and forced Penelope to wait almost interminably for a faithless husband. Finally, in addition to looking at the sexual violence that Atwood feels pervades the original ..."

Tags:Odysseus, Homer, Penelope

Abstract
This paper looks at Margaret Atwood's text "Penelopiad" and discusses how the Canadian author uses her revision of the ancient tale of Odysseus and Penelope to offer a feminist counter-narrative to Homer's legendary myth. In particular, it discusses the double-standards, hypocrisies, and hierarchies which relegated the maids to second-class status (and also to death) and forced Penelope to wait almost interminably for a faithless husband. Finally, in addition to looking at the sexual violence that Atwood feels pervades the original narrative, the paper discusses the author's emphasis upon how women in the antique world of Homer were treated as reproductive vessels and little more.

From the Paper
"Another element of the new narrative, a narrative told exclusively from the perspective of women, is the manner in which sexual violence is addressed in Atwood's tale. It is not entirely clear if the suitors raped the maids and if these unlucky women are being killed simply because they are the victims of the wrong men. However, there is a point in the story when the Chorus exclaims, "If our owners or the sons of our owners or a visiting nobleman or the sons of a visiting nobleman wanted to sleep with us, we could not refuse. It did us no good to weep, it did us no good to say we were in pain" (Atwood, 13-14). When the "sins" of the maids are examined against this backdrop, it may be said that the new myth concocted by Atwood attacks the sexual violence that, for a whole host of reasons, Homer never finds the time to denounce (or even much care about) in his original work from roughly 2500 years ago. "

Tags:Odysseus, Penelope, homer

Abstract
By comparing the clowns that appear in the plays "Hamlet", "Macbeth", and "As You Like It", the role of the clown is elaborated as something greater than comedic relief. In all instances, the clowns play a double role that works to appeal to a particular audience of Elizabethan England, a wider social and cultural group of theatre-goers than typically present at play performances. In doing so, the clowns work to participate within the play itself, and within the audience as well. This is achieved through humour that speaks outside the context of the play and towards immediate cultural knowledge of the audience. The clown also uses this same kind of humour within the play, as a way to clarify what is happening within the story itself. The clown acts as a mediator between characters and as a mediator between the play itself and the audience. The clowns of the dramatic plays, such as "King Lear", "Hamlet", or Macbeth, the clowns' role serves to provide the audience a break from the tension and violence of the narratives as well as to address the audiences own cultural understandings of these plays. In the comedies and the dramas, the clown is always more knowledgeable about what is happening and so acts as the interpreter for the characters, and for the audience.

Abstract
This paper examines Toni Morrison's novel, "The Bluest Eye", from a perspective that integrates psychological and sociological theories regarding human behavior in the social environment. Biological, psychological, and social theories are explored as they affect key characters in Morrison's work, as well as the ways in which the author presents these characters. The paper focuses on Piaget's theory of cognitive development and Anderson's categorization of stress, as well as taking into consideration psychoanalytical theories and the behavioral perspective.

From the Paper
"Part of this stress goes through from mother to daughter, and the lack of maternal warmth that is present in the beginning of the novel set up this theme as well. Although Claudia finds a way to be appreciative of her mother caring whether she lives or dies, this is the bare minimum of an emotional attachment between mother and child. One gets the
sense that the narrator is trying to make more of this attachment than is really there, since the treatment of her mother seems to border on being abusive at this point. This relates to the socio-psychological concept of the insecure attachment, which can in effect cause the
child to later go in the opposite direction of separation anxiety and show patterns of avoidance, resisting behaviors, and disorganization that can affect the child in later years."

Tags:narrative, strategy, split, pauline, double, narration, hindsight, past, present, bias