Abstract This paper examines how in its day, the Parthenon was considered the finest example of a Doric order temple and how it was built in the 5th century BCE to give thanks to Athena, the city's patron goddess, for the salvation of Athens and Greece in the Persian Wars.
From the Paper ""The name Parthenon refers to the worship of Athena Parthenos, the 'Virgin Athena' who issued fully grown from the head of her father Zeus" ("Parthenon, Athens, Greece"). Athena was the maiden goddess and patroness of Athens. She represented the gifts of intellect and understanding. Because of her purity in body, mind, and heart, Athena was considered "the symbol of the universal human aspiration for wisdom" ("Parthenon, Athens, Greece"). The topographical location, geometry, and astronomical orientation of the Parthenon reinforce the symbolism of the Parthenon as a shrine to the quest for wisdom. The temple itself was built to embody Athena's presence, both in its intention and in its physical construction."
Abstract "Greek architecture has long been identified with the creation of the three classic architectural orders, the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian, though actually the Corinthian is a variation of the Ionic.
From the Paper "Greek architecture has long been identified with the creation of the three classic architectural orders, the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian, though actually the Corinthian is a variation of the Ionic. Greek temples were not directly linked to the orders but show basic features that are much alike. order and cleanness of lines marks Greek temples and other monumental Greek architecture. Roman architecture reflects a way of public and private life, borrowing elements from the Greeks and the Etruscans. The Pantheon is a large, round temple in Rome which shows the ability of the Romans to create vast interior spaces, perhaps for the first time in the history of architecture. Many Roman works are a mixture of styles, such as the Hagia Sophia, a monumental piece of architecture that links us with the era of Justinian's reign in Constantinople and is an interesting example of a ..."
Abstract This paper explains that architecture is more than the design of buildings because it incorporates the thought of the person building the structure; the architecture of Egyptian and Greek temples differs in function, structure, and symbolism. The author points out that Egyptian temple architecture is much larger than the Greeks because the geographical location was abundant with resources and building materials, such as limestone, and the Egyptians maintained a highly organized society capable of carrying out such large constructions. The paper explains that another main difference between the Egyptian and the Greek temples is that architects, not priests, directed the design of the Greek temple, which distinguished the Greek temples from those of the Egyptians because they made conscious choices in design for aesthetic reasons, not just function.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Architectural Structure
Function
Architectural Art and Symbolism
From the Paper "The earliest Greek temples were small and gradually became larger and grander. The first temples were similar to small huts and were long and narrow. These early temples were about 25 by 18 feet and were built using stone and unbaked mud brick. As the wealth of the Greek people grew and the geographical locations became more abundant with resources, temples began to take a much more sophisticated style. "There was a compelling need, given the dominant role of the gods in society, to pay at least some benefits thus received to them.""
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that Greek architecture has long been identified with the creation of the three classic architectural orders, the Doric, Ionic and Corinthian. The writer points out that Greek temples were not directly linked to the orders but show basic features that are much alike. The writer then discusses that Roman architecture reflects a way of public and private life, borrowing elements from the Greeks and the Etruscans. The writer concludes that Greek architecture is more limited in scope and adheres more closely to ideas of unity and symmetry, more like chamber music. The writer maintains that Roman architecture is more expansive and more inclusive, balancing different elements in the manner of the symphony.
From the Paper "The Greeks studied proportions to secure a general harmony in the relative massiveness or slenderness of all the parts as well as a mathematical relation between their dimensions. This process could be likened to that involved in chamber music, where harmony among the elements is controllable with the limited number of instruments and the unity of musical elements."
"R.W. Livingstone cites some of the differences between the Greek and Roman approaches to architecture in terms of the Greek dedication to the architectural order as the vocabulary of Greek architecture, stating ... "
