Abstract This paper discusses how same-sex marriage has never been allowed in law or religious doctrine and how some see a law as a threat to religious freedom and others see it as a threat to the definition of marriage and so to the family in society. It examines three possible solutions for the issue of gay marriage, to not allow gay marriage and to keep the current laws regarding the meaning of marriage and of spousal rights, to allow gay marriage, which would automatically bring gay marriages into alignment with existing laws on spousal rights and to prohibit gay marriage but to allow a form of domesticpartnership agreement which would not be a marriage but which would bring spousal rights to gay couples. The implications of these options are evaluated as well as current legal issues facing gay couples.
From the Paper "Some of the arguments for same-sex marriage are intended to counter directly arguments against same-sex marriage. One argument against is that marriage is for procreation. The argument for same-sex marriage is that this is no different than a childless couple, though no one is saying such a couple should not be married or that they should not have the legal benefits of marriage. This is a logical counter to the aforementioned argument, though it does fail to indicate that there is still a difference--heterosexual marriage carries with it the possibility of procreation while same-sex marriage does not (Stengel 52)."
Tags: gay, couples, domestic, partnership, agreement, spousal, rights
Abstract Over the last 100 years or so, the idea of what makes up a family unit has changed over the world. This paper studies the results of the important social changes which have occurred in the United States in the emergence of alternative family units. The paper shows that these social changes have affected the relationships between people in families, the communication between these people and the very structure of the families themselves. Two specific changes are discussed: (1) the arrangement of domesticpartnerships wherein a man and woman reside together and may share in all of the duties and activities that would be common to a husband and wife, however they choose not to marry; and (2) the gay and lesbian families and how they have altered the societal perceptions of what the word 'family' actually means. While these two relationships do not affect everyone in society, they have changed what society thinks about families and marriage in many ways. Because of this, they are two of the most important societal changes that have come about in recent years and are worthy of discussion.
From the Paper "This change in the term 'family' sometimes helps to pave the way for changes such as domestic partnerships, but it also confuses some of the issues that are important to them because they are not seen as a traditional family unit, and many of the laws are written to protect the traditional 'mother, father, and children' family unit. The forms that a family can take are much broader than they used to be, and although many of them are challenged, more and more of them are beginning to be embraced by society."
Abstract This paper explains that many gay and lesbian couples believe their legal marriage is a civil rights issue just as heterosexual couples are allowed to marry because, if they are not allowed to marry, they miss out on the rights and benefits of marriage such as the right to visit a spouse in a hospital, spousal health insurance and marital tax breaks. The author points out that the Bible very distinctly forbids any homosexuality and refers to persons who perform homosexual acts as sinners. The paper relates that civil unions as domesticpartnerships would offer the legal rights and benefits gays want without society endorsing their relationships as marriage.
From the Paper "More than three-fourths of the people in the United States favor equal rights for gays and lesbians; however, when it comes to legalizing marriage between people of the same sex, their attitude changes. About half of all U. S. citizens oppose gay marriage. In other words, they have conflicting feeling towards homosexuals. Many who support gay rights oppose marriage. Statistics show that about six out of ten people prefer their state to resolve the conflict; however, the other four out of ten agree with a constitutional amendment that would ban marriage between same-sex couples."
Abstract In this article the writer presents an examination of the Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA) and looks at how it relates to homosexual couples. The writer explores various companies that provide benefits for domestic partners as well as state statutes that mandate such policies. The writer claims how unfair it is that benefits are not federally mandated for the FMLA when it comes to domestic partner relationships. The writer points out that children are being adopted every day by gay couples and those parents are being deprived of spending the first few months at home bonding with that child. The writer maintains that a negative impact on the workforce is produced by the lack of federal mandate for FMLA with domesticpartnerships. The writer concludes the essay with a personal point of view.
From the Paper "In today's society many couples are non traditional. They are fully committed to each other and their life together but for various reasons are not married. Same sex couples are not allowed to be married and many heterosexual couples don't believe the government should force them to have a formal ceremony to commit to each other.
The FMLA leaves those couples out in the cold. Recently companies across the nation have taken a close look at the impact refusing domestic partner benefits has on the morale of their workforce and have decided to implement benefits on their own. In addition some states have made the move to mandate coverage for domestic partners through their jobs."
Abstract The paper explains that in terms of the operation of a partnership, agency and partnership are related. This is primarily in that while in the case of agency the agent assumes no liability where the conditions of agency are properly fulfilled according to the law of agency, in the case of the operation of a partnership, the firm is liable for the actions of a partner committed in the course of the partnership business. Thus, the paper points out that in a partnership, every partner is considered the agent of the firm in the ordinary course of business and may bind the firm and the other partners in contractual relationships with third parties.
Abstract This paper explores how US domestic and foreign policies have had to change as the role of the country in international politics and the global community has changed. The paper also notes that current challenges in the international community by globalization and terrorism have affected the motivations of US policies and thus of all other nations. The paper then compares US domestic and foreign policy in 1945 to US domestic and foreign policy in 2006. The paper concludes that it is still essential for the US to be active in international issues not only to protect its concerns but to be able to sense the unfolding global trends.
From the Paper "The US took on the role of peacekeeper in the international arena, it figured prominently in the post-war restoration and developments such as the Nuremberg Trials, division of territories and the institution of the United Nations (452).
"The US also symbol of the struggle against the spread of communism. Its policies of containment and promotion of democracy was a statement in its desire to be seen as a defender of freedom and liberty (Leffler 87-89). This was the same identity that it espoused during its own struggle for independence (Ash 286). Another role that it was beginning to cultivate was its substitution of Britain and the rest of Europe as an economic force in the world."
Abstract This paper looks at domestic violence in India. It discusses the attitudes towards domestic violence, and the laws pertaining to domestic violence. It examines what needs to be done to protect women and to change attitudes towards domestic violence.
Abstract This paper reviews literature surrounding the issue of domestic violence. In particular, the work of Erin L. Han entitled "Mandatory Arrest and No-Drop Policies: Victim Empowerment in Domestic Violence Cases" is examined. This paper questions why domestic violence is a continued problem despite specific laws designed to prosecute perpetrators. Additionally, the author compares the length of sentences for males and females accused of domestic violence.
From the Paper "The work of Erin L. Han entitled: "Mandatory Arrest and No-Drop Policies: Victim Empowerment in Domestic Violence Cases" states that "In recent decades, arrest and prosecution have been applied to perpetrators of domestic violence with increasing severity, representing an important step in recognizing domestic violence as a crime. Some jurisdictions have taken the war against domestic violence a step further, by employing aggressive "mandatory arrest" and "no-drop prosecution" policies." (n.d.) Han notes that the "...modern campaign against domestic violence" has "waged" for over forty years and yet "...the statistics are still appalling." (Ibid) Han states additionally the fact that approximately "two million American women are victims/survivors of domestic violence at the hands of their male partners." (Ibid) "
Abstract This paper attempts to prove that victims of domestic abuse are more prone to suicide. The author reasons that the abuse that a victim of domestic violence suffers from goes far beyond just physical harm and that many times, emotional and psychological abuse that may happen alongside as well as independently can prove to be far worse than that of the physical abuse. The paper goes on to say that it is this psychological and emotional suffering that contributes to suicide or suicide attempts. Statistics in the paper include that of suicide prevalence rates in both men and women as well as suicide attempts by women that are domestic violence victims. The author does concede that although present research showed that there is a link between female victimization and suicide attempts, there is a lack of evidence on completed suicide due to domestic violence.
From the Paper "Suicide and domestic violence are two things that are all too common in American society and around the world. Domestic violence exists in places no one suspects and the effects on victims can be far-reaching and severe. An abused woman suffers damages far beyond any physical harm that may be done to her--and abuse is not always physical. Emotional and psychological abuses often occur independently as well as alongside physical abuse. Women may experience intimate partner violence for long periods of time or multiple times throughout their lives. The resultant psychological and emotional suffering contributes to the suicide or attempted suicide of many women in abusive situations. The occurrence of domestic violence and suicide in correlation with one another is difficult to document, as motives for suicide or suicide attempts can be complicated and difficult to ascertain."
Abstract The paper states that domestic violence is now considered a major crime and a serious health hazard. The problem is that anyone can be a victim or an abuser as neither has a definite or consistent profile. The paper comments that therapists and society view women victims as incapable of violence themselves and notes that depressed war veterans and veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder tend to perpetrate domestic violence more than any other tested group. The paper then provides a review of the literature on the topic, focusing on the most common victim, the motivation for domestic abuse, and organizations that exist to prevent the abuse. The paper also explains that the descriptive-normative method of survey and research was used for the study.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Review of Literature
Method
From the Paper "Studies show that veterans who suffer from depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder tend to commit domestic violence more than other veterans surveyed without the disorder. Another study found that men and women have comparable chances of victimization. The consequences of victimization are also similar. Both of them tend to develop severe depressive disorder and take recourse to marijuana use. Men may also take to alcohol and become more anxious."
Abstract The labor history of domestic service has witnessed a long trajectory from its earliest day as a training ground for young gentlemen to a profession scorned by all except those who practised it. The rise and fall of domestic labor has been an indicator of the growth of the middle classes and the entrenchment of a class system. It has mirrored the fluctuations of the economy and the social changes that have been brought about by governments, wars and evolving attitudes.
Abstract This project involves a report to a company's Board of Directors on the cost and value of offering domestic partner benefits. It addresses the economic implications as well as the practical and moral aspects of offering health coverage to same sex or opposite sex domestic partners.
From the Paper "Traditionally companies thought of a commitment to diversity as involving little more that strict compliance with regulations governing anti discrimination and legislation involving equal employment opportunities ..."
Abstract This paper discusses how the context of domestic violence may be preventable from the perspective of the victim or potential victim and what they can do to prevent the problem from occurring or re-occurring. The paper describes the three components of the context of domestic violence, and the behaviors of each stage.
Abstract This paper is a comprehensive review of the issues of domestic violence. It includes a literature review on the subject by some of the major researchers in this field. The paper also examines policy implications. The author concludes that domestic violence is a serious crime, and offenders must be treated as such.
Introduction
Minneapolis Study
Colorado Study
Omaha Study
Charlotte Study
Miami-Dade Study
Milwaukee Study
Findings and Offenders
Analysis and Recommendations
Policy Implications
From the Paper "The issue of domestic violence was originally brought up in the late 1970's. Women in America at this time were beginning to break out of their domestic roles and play a more integral part in American life. As women's roles began to take shape and become more important their safety and domestic statuses became a greater concern to politicians and practitioners. In 1981 Richard Berk and Larry Sherman were given a grant by the United States Department of Justice and the National Institute of Justice to seek the best solution to dealing with domestic violence in American cities. As we will discover, their research was only able to skim the surface to the question of how to handle domestic violence. Their research initiated a plethora of subsequent research which has since been launched, analyzed, and reanalyzed all with many findings. I will summarize the literature on this subject and compare and contrast the results and the suggestions.
In my research I will scrutinize the seven main research experiments that have been used for the majority of journal articles, policy implementation and police practices within the deterrence literature."
Abstract This paper discusses domestic architecture, which consists of mainly residential buildings and homes. The author explains how it is possible to determine the values and cultural paradigms of a particular archaeological time by examining the domestic buildings of the period as buildings are connected to the purpose of the activities within them. The paper also analyzes how different type of interior and exterior space, utility items and decorations can show the personality and values of their occupants.
From the Paper "In social terms, etiquette in dining was associated with self-realization and fulfillment, which in turn was a product of the individualism ideology. People were expected to perform according to a social set of norms. The quality of such performance was then an indication of the personal qualities, status and education of the performer. These in turn influenced the use of interior space, with a very socially aware person decorating the home according to a preconceived set of principles. A central element here was control. Etiquette indicated control of the interior domestic space, and how people conducted themselves in such settings."
Tags:domestic environment, interior spaces, cultural paradigms, architecture
