Abstract
This paper presents a literature review about domestic violence, focusing on both heterosexual and homosexual couples. First, the paper gives the definition of abuse as in the heterosexual and homosexual worlds. Then, statistics and the reasons why domestic violence occurs are also discussed. Additionally, the research points out the differences between the occurrence of domestic violence in straight and gay households. Finally the review explores the use of art therapy in assisting those who have dealt with domestic violence.


Outline:

Introduction
Domestic Violence
Prevalence of Domestic Violence in the Gay and Lesbian Community
Support for Same Sex Couples
Therapy for those effected by Domestic Violence
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Although both heterosexual and homosexual couples experience domestic violence the psychology of the abuse is somewhat different because the partners are the same gender. For instance, according to McLennan (2005) the patriarchal theory of domestic violence is not applicable to same sex couples. The author explains that this theory asserts that domestic violence is a result of cultures domination of men over women. As such it cannot properly explain violence within the context of same sex relationships. Although the patriarchal theory is inadequate as it pertains to providing an explanation for somesic violence amongst same sex couples, there are other theories that do provide some explanation. The authors explain "Island and Letellier (1991) attributed partner abuse to perpetrators' personality disorders. Renzetti (1996) asserted the feminist theory, with its emphasis on sociopolitical oppression of at-risk populations, underlies same-gender IPV. Integrating the former two theories, Merrill (1996) proposed the social psychological theory attributing IPV between same-gender partners to oppression, learned behaviors, and individual choices (McClennen, 2005)." The author points out that the social-psychological theory can explains gay male IPV, it does little to explain the domestic violence that occurs amongst lesbian women."

Tags:art therapy, patriarchal theory of domestic violence, same sex couples, trauma

Abstract
This paper explores how US domestic and foreign policies have had to change as the role of the country in international politics and the global community has changed. The paper also notes that current challenges in the international community by globalization and terrorism have affected the motivations of US policies and thus of all other nations. The paper then compares US domestic and foreign policy in 1945 to US domestic and foreign policy in 2006. The paper concludes that it is still essential for the US to be active in international issues not only to protect its concerns but to be able to sense the unfolding global trends.

Outline:
Introduction
1945 policies
Roles
Domestic policies
Foreign policies
2006 policies
Domestic policies
Foreign policies
inclusion

From the Paper
"The US took on the role of peacekeeper in the international arena, it figured prominently in the post-war restoration and developments such as the Nuremberg Trials, division of territories and the institution of the United Nations (452).
"The US also symbol of the struggle against the spread of communism. Its policies of containment and promotion of democracy was a statement in its desire to be seen as a defender of freedom and liberty (Leffler 87-89). This was the same identity that it espoused during its own struggle for independence (Ash 286). Another role that it was beginning to cultivate was its substitution of Britain and the rest of Europe as an economic force in the world."

Tags:foreign, policy, domestic, plicy

Abstract
This paper reviews literature surrounding the issue of domestic violence. In particular, the work of Erin L. Han entitled "Mandatory Arrest and No-Drop Policies: Victim Empowerment in Domestic Violence Cases" is examined. This paper questions why domestic violence is a continued problem despite specific laws designed to prosecute perpetrators. Additionally, the author compares the length of sentences for males and females accused of domestic violence.

From the Paper
"The work of Erin L. Han entitled: "Mandatory Arrest and No-Drop Policies: Victim Empowerment in Domestic Violence Cases" states that "In recent decades, arrest and prosecution have been applied to perpetrators of domestic violence with increasing severity, representing an important step in recognizing domestic violence as a crime. Some jurisdictions have taken the war against domestic violence a step further, by employing aggressive "mandatory arrest" and "no-drop prosecution" policies." (n.d.) Han notes that the "...modern campaign against domestic violence" has "waged" for over forty years and yet "...the statistics are still appalling." (Ibid) Han states additionally the fact that approximately "two million American women are victims/survivors of domestic violence at the hands of their male partners." (Ibid) "

Tags:domestic, violence, abuse, sentencing, legislation

Abstract
This paper attempts to prove that victims of domestic abuse are more prone to suicide. The author reasons that the abuse that a victim of domestic violence suffers from goes far beyond just physical harm and that many times, emotional and psychological abuse that may happen alongside as well as independently can prove to be far worse than that of the physical abuse. The paper goes on to say that it is this psychological and emotional suffering that contributes to suicide or suicide attempts. Statistics in the paper include that of suicide prevalence rates in both men and women as well as suicide attempts by women that are domestic violence victims. The author does concede that although present research showed that there is a link between female victimization and suicide attempts, there is a lack of evidence on completed suicide due to domestic violence.

From the Paper
"Suicide and domestic violence are two things that are all too common in American society and around the world. Domestic violence exists in places no one suspects and the effects on victims can be far-reaching and severe. An abused woman suffers damages far beyond any physical harm that may be done to her--and abuse is not always physical. Emotional and psychological abuses often occur independently as well as alongside physical abuse. Women may experience intimate partner violence for long periods of time or multiple times throughout their lives. The resultant psychological and emotional suffering contributes to the suicide or attempted suicide of many women in abusive situations. The occurrence of domestic violence and suicide in correlation with one another is difficult to document, as motives for suicide or suicide attempts can be complicated and difficult to ascertain."

Tags:domestic abuse, emotional abuse, psychological abuse

Abstract
This paper looks at domestic violence in India. It discusses the attitudes towards domestic violence, and the laws pertaining to domestic violence. It examines what needs to be done to protect women and to change attitudes towards domestic violence.

Tags:domestic, violence

Abstract
The paper argues that domestic work should be more valued in Canada and should be paid by government. The paper's argument is supported by sociological, legal, and economic evidence from authoritative scholarly sources indicating that there is a broad societal consensus across Canada that receiving financial compensation for the work one performs is a matter of fundamental fairness, indicating that the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms guarantee of equality extends to economic rights such as being paid for domestic work, and indicating that there is a solid consensus among economists that domestic work is of vital importance to the functioning of the Canadian economy.

From the Paper
"In this essay, I will argue that domestic work should be more valued in Canada and should be paid by government. My argument will be supported by sociological, legal, and economic evidence from authoritative scholarly sources indicating that there is a broad societal consensus across Canada that receiving financial compensation for the work one performs is a matter of fundamental fairness, indicating that the Canadian Charter of..."

Tags:domestic, work, canada

Abstract
This paper looks at how black domestic servants were imported from the Caribbean to Canada in the period between 1900 and 1932. The writer explains that this issue is important for several reasons. The paper discusses that, by examining the importation of black domestic servants from the Caribbean in terms of the history of the Canadian immigration, racist as well as sexist policies towards people of colour are revealed. The writer also looks at how the importation of domestic workers and/or nannies into Canada continues today.

From the Paper
"This paper will examine the importation of black domestic servants from the Caribbean to Canada in the period between 1900 and 1932. This issue is important for several reasons. First, it should be examined within the context of the history of black people in Canada. Second, it is important in terms of historical experiences of black women in particular, a group that has often been ignored both by black history scholars and feminist scholars."

Tags:domestic workers, canada immigration caribbean women

Abstract
This paper reports on the cost and value of offering domestic partner benefits. It includes a definition of the term domestic partner, and a discussion of the issue of equity and equality for same sex and opposite sex domestic partners.

From the Paper
"Report to the Board of Directors Subject Cost of Domestic Partner Benefits: As part of our ongoing efforts to finding recruiting and retaining the best and most qualified individuals as employees of this company the Human Resources Department has conducted a preliminary study of the cost to the company of offering Domestic Partner Benefits. According to an essay published on the Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund website online more and more employers are offering their unmarried workers health and other benefits for their spousal equivalents."

Tags:cost, value, domestic partner benefits, equality, gender bias, homophobia and gay rights.

Abstract
The paper states that domestic violence is now considered a major crime and a serious health hazard. The problem is that anyone can be a victim or an abuser as neither has a definite or consistent profile. The paper comments that therapists and society view women victims as incapable of violence themselves and notes that depressed war veterans and veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder tend to perpetrate domestic violence more than any other tested group. The paper then provides a review of the literature on the topic, focusing on the most common victim, the motivation for domestic abuse, and organizations that exist to prevent the abuse. The paper also explains that the descriptive-normative method of survey and research was used for the study.

Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Review of Literature
Method

From the Paper
"Studies show that veterans who suffer from depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder tend to commit domestic violence more than other veterans surveyed without the disorder. Another study found that men and women have comparable chances of victimization. The consequences of victimization are also similar. Both of them tend to develop severe depressive disorder and take recourse to marijuana use. Men may also take to alcohol and become more anxious."

Tags:anger, domestic, situation, depressive, disorders

Abstract
This paper examines whether domestic travel strengthens the economy. However it also considers the scientific methodology of economics, which dictates that to understand the effect of personal disposable income on domestic travel, it is necessary to explore the literature that have analyzed this relationship. This paper seeks to explore the effect of disposable income on domestic travel, via economic theories and modeling.

From the Paper
"Literature Survey Many papers have analyzed the determinant of travel in the context of understanding tourism demand or trying to determine international travel trends so as to quantify how much residents spend by vacation. This paper will differ from that analysis, since the main aim is to determine the true nature of the relationship between disposable income and domestic travel. While examining the main hypothesis of whether increases in disposable income, causes an increase in domestic travel; a sub-hypothesis is tested, that is, if domestic travel is a normal or luxury good. This..."

Tags:domestic, income, travel