Abstract
This paper examines primary documents concerning Pugachev's leadership of the Russian peasant revolt of 1774, pointing out that his documents and those of others do not agree in every respect.

From the Paper
"A study of the Pugachev documents comprises documents from him to others, from others to him, and from others about him. These documents do not agree in every detail, leaving the reader to determine which part of conflicting statements is true. This paper asserts that although primary documents are used, this does not guarantee that everything in them is factual. The main peasant grievances that Pugachev tried to exploit in his decrees included slavery, taxes, the inability to own land and..."

Tags:Pugachev, Russia, revolt, revolution, primary documents

Abstract
This paper explains that each founding document critical to the U.S. Constitution makes reference to the importance of man's free right to exercise his political will under a tolerant and open form of government. Furthermore, key concepts like the right to a fair trial and land and property ownership rights were underscored in these earlier founding documents. The author defines the founding documents as the "Magna Carta", the "Mayflower Compact", the "Virginia Declaration of Rights", the "Declaration of Independence", the "Articles of Confederation" and the "Federalist Papers". The paper relates that the concepts of "all men being created equal" and having the unalienable rights to "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness" as presented in the preamble of the U.S. Declaration of Independence are the fundamental concepts of freedom incorporated into the present-day constitution and powerful core principles upon which future democratic documents will be written.

From the Paper
"The Magna Carta of 1215 A.D. was the first of these documents, as an English liberty charter decreed by King John. This early document covered broad areas from property rights to rights of heirs, marriage laws, and criminal prosecution. Article 52 states "To any man whom we have deprived or dispossessed of lands, castles, liberties, or rights, without the lawful judgment of his equals, we will at once restore these," making note of civil liberties of men, although based on the notions of an English royal class system."

Tags:magna-carta, mayflower, virginia, declaration, confederation

Abstract
This paper gives an overview of issues in archival preservation, with an emphasis on the importance of preserving historical documents. Various reasons are listed as to why it is important to save historical documents, such as a means to interpret the past in terms of context, values, experience and diversity, and comparing archival material to the present. The paper concludes by stating that many historical documents are being perished due to storage conflicts and the initiation of email.

From the Paper
"In order to interpret the past in terms of context, values, experience and diversity; historians, students, researchers and families collect a plethora of archival material by comparing them to the present. It is detrimental to save historical documents in order to learn and understand past conditions for historians; decipher any root causes for subjects for students and researchers and to know ones culture and ones self through family history. However, many historical documents are being perished due to storage conflicts and the initiation of email. For example, according to historian Donald Cumberland (1992) "storage..."

Tags:archives, manifesto, historians

Abstract
The Biblical scholar and theologian Walter Kaiser offers an alternative thesis to the 'documentary hypothesis' commonly held amongst secular Biblical scholars in his book, "The Old Testament Documents: Are they Reliable and Relevant?" The paper shows how Kaiser suggests not only that the Old Testament documents are relevant, but also the Old Testament stories are actual historical accounts of real events that occurred in Israel's past.

From the Paper
"The Old Testament books may be relevant spiritually for the moral truths that they suggest in a metaphorical way. But that does not mean they are reliable as historical, eyewitness testimony and relevance in modern terms of historical data. Kaiser does include some supporting archeological evidence for his anti-documentary thesis, such as the possibility that Sodom and Gomorrah were actual, leveled cities - but this does not mean that the ancient Hebrews did not engage in mythmaking and putting a particular spin upon these enemy cities destruction from their own historical and religious perspective."

Tags:Sodom, Genesis, JEDP, Pentateuch, Moses, myth

Abstract
This paper examines two sets of Japanese documents: One from approximately 500 A. D. and one, a millennium later, from the Tokugawa shogunate. They are compared and contrasted. The earliest documents are mythical and religious in tone and the latter deals with the bureaucratization of society, particularly the Samurai class.

Abstract
The paper analyzes the documents "The First Day at the Battle of Gettysburg" and "The Third Day". These sources chronicle the Battle of Gettysburg, July 1-4, 1863, from the first-person experience of the two writers. The paper relates that the document "The First Day" covers the battle from the Union point of view and experience, and as a source for information on the battle, is a credible and genuine source. The paper shows how the second source that discusses the third day of battle at Gettysburg is also a genuine article created by an actual participant. The paper concludes that both articles are interesting to read and would contribute towards a better understanding of both sides during this pivotal battle.

From the Paper
"This document is significant for any number of reasons. First, it is a first person account of the actual first day of battle at Gettysburg, which proved to be a pivotal point in the Civil War. It is also significant for the amount of detail it contains, which can aid the historical researcher in any number of ways - from understanding the configuration of the battle and the participants, to giving a deeper comprehension of the significance of the battle to both North and South."
"The originality of the document is certainly without question. It is a first hand account of the battle, and while there are indeed similar documents, it stands on its own in its detail, complexity, and importance to historical research."

Tags:North, South, Union, officers, troops

Abstract
Countries have become unsure of their security and about their relationships with the countries that surround them. Since September 11th, a large number of scholars, scientists and political thinkers have started to analyze and provide their own theories on the U.S. and Iraqi war and state relations. One of these groups of political thinkers is the U.S. Commission on National Security of the 21st Century. This Commission discusses and analyzes the problems in the world, specifically concerning the United States and the concerns of the changing world. The Commission has strove to provide critical theories and interpretations of what the United States should do in response to the changing world security environment. This essay addresses the Commission's response, as well as the response provided by President George W. Bush's administration of national security strategy by comparing both documents and noting the merits and criticisms of them. A final wrap-up summary is also provided.

From the Paper
"The three primary concerns of the introduction are: defense against enemies, cooperation with other nations in curtailing others from gaining dangerous technologies, and lastly, the encouragement of democracy and economic openness in all nations. It concludes by insisting that other nations should respond to terrorism and threats in the same offensive manner as the United States, calling for collective responsibility and "accountability." On the other hand, the CNS's introduction for Phase I suggests the same problems are facing the United States and the world, and calls for a similar approach as the NSS, emphasizing "economic growth, regional integration, and global political cooperation." A key line for distinguishing the languages in each document is the CNS's suggestion that "active American engagement cannot prevent all problems," while the NSS is much more optimistic with regard to that idea."

Tags:911, democracy, strategies, transnational

Abstract
This paper describes the SuDoc government document classification system and how it is derived. It also looks at other government document systems (SROI, ASI, IIS), census documents, the depository library system, and the SIC/NAIC system, and gives examples of classifications of documents.

From the Paper
"The Superintendent of Documents Classification System originated from the Library of the Government Printing Office between and The Superintendent. It is attributed to Miss Adelaide R Hasse who assigned classification numbers based on government organization..."

Tags:SuDoc, SRI, ASI, IIS, SIC/NAIC

Abstract
The writer looks at works considered to be very important in world civilization.They tell a reader a lot about the leadership style of a ruler. The official court historian was the one to leave his legacy for generations to come. Nowhere does attitude reflect leadership as much as it does in historical documents. In this paper three key documents are examined.

From the Paper
"A wise man once said that attitude reflects leadership. When examining the leaders that have helped to shape history, it is fundamental to examine the way in which their official reporters represented them to develop a deeper understanding of the type of rule carried out. The leadership of each ruler helped to shape the attitudes of the historians. Ssu-Ma Chien of the Han Dynasty was very flattering of the public works carried out by the emperor. Suetonius developed a more critical approach to history but was still quite subtle in his critique. Procopius broke all barriers though when he released his derisive attack on Justinian's rule. Each historian had some opinion on the ruler and it becomes apparent through their writings. Attitude may reflect leadership in many aspects of life, nowhere though is it so apparent than in the historical documents written during their lives or the lives of supportive predecessors."

Tags:history, rule, opinion, image, portray

Abstract
This paper provides a brief yet succinct description of the materials available for those wishing to research the transportation of steamboat traffic on the Missouri River during the Nineteenth Century. A focus is on the available information for passenger lists and the bills of lading that were required for documentation during this period.