Abstract The paper reviews the manner in which the nations of the United States and Canada address illegal immigration, specifically at the northern US border. The paper looks at the major elements; laws, bureaucratic initiatives and legal sanctions employed by the United States to secure its northern border. The paper also looks at where the Canadian approach is similar and where it is markedly different.
From the Paper "Illegal immigration into America via its southern border has received a great deal of attention for a very long time. However, America also has a northern border about which it should be concerned because this border - the Canada-US border - is allowing into the United States people who constitute a grave threat to the lives of every-day Americans. With this in mind, the following paper will explore illegal immigration into the US via the Canadian border by looking at how each country deals with the problem."
Abstract This paper examines immigration issues as they pertain to the U.S.'s Mexico border. It is evident that throughout its history the United States has experienced continuous immigration, as American political freedom, religious tolerance, economic opportunities, and huge geographical size have combined to draw millions of people from all around the world to America in hopes of building better lives for themselves and their children.
From the Paper "In analyzing immigration issues as they pertain to the U.S.-Mexico border, it is evident that throughout its history, the United States has experienced continuous immigration, for American political freedoms, religious tolerance, economic opportunities, and huge geographical size have combined to draw millions of people from all around the world to America in hopes of building better lives for themselves and their children. Over the years, the pace of immigration has waxed and waned depending upon political, religious, and economic conditions, but emigration from Mexico to the United States has remained steady, both in terms of legal and illegal immigrants."
Abstract This paper is a report from a medical supply company regarding the responsibility of physicians who work in close association with pharmaceutical companies to put the well being of their patients at the forefront of their professional work. The paper states, that whilst cooperation between doctors and pharmaceutical companies is essential for the development of new treatments, the doctor's prime consideration is, and must always be, the well being of his patient. The writer states that there have been cases where doctors have put their association with a pharmaceutical company before the good of their patients but, in the vast majority of cases, the exact opposite is true.
From the Paper "There have been exceptions to the above, where physicians have, in the opinion of their peers, overstepped their boundaries and represented the medical suppliers' interest more than their patients or the value of their science. A recent case, involving Dr. Martin Leon of Columbia, was particularly egregious. Dr. Leon revealed evidence from a clinical trial prior to its 'unveiling' date, which caused a significant movement in the stocks of several medical device companies. The response of the medical community was immediate and severe. Dr. Leon was suspended from editorial boards of the Journal of the American Cardiology Society and the New England Journal of Medicine for at least five years (Wood 2007). Dr. Leon's reputation as a clinical trials clinical investigator and participant was therefore permanently disadvantaged."
Tags:doctors, pharmaceutical, medicine, research, clinical, FDA
Abstract This paper focuses on the doctor/patient communication. It speaks of the ideas of the past in relation to this issue and how they have affected modern day medicine. The writer discusses the problems that exist when patients attempt communication with doctors, as well as problems that physicians face when addressing patients' concerns. The writer further offers suggestions for improvement and professional advice for resolving issues.
From the Paper "Traditionally patients have been accustomed to trusting in the services of doctors, and in accepting only the information given during a consultation. In years past, (especially in the days of the town doctor who made house calls) doctors often provided patients with only the details that the doctor felt the patient needed to know. Specifics of illnesses (mostly terminal cases) were only verbally provided when the doctor decided that it was appropriate to do so. Although patients generally knew that this occurred, it appeared to be acceptable to the general population for many years. This is not to insist that patients demanded medical information. Many patients believed that to query a physician was to disrespect his or her profession. More often than not this resulted in patients needlessly suffering with illnesses that might have been detected if the lines of communication between doctors and patients had been more open."
Abstract This paper discusses the future prospects of Borders Book Store. It particularly discusses the need increase its use of technology, as Borders is, by definition, as company that sells low-tech products - books. The paper analyzes a proposal for including WiFi technology in Borders cafes and discusses the pros and cons of this addition. It concludes that test-marketing may be necessary to test the viability of using WiFi technology.
Table of Contents:
Borders Book Store
What is WiFi? Why WiFi? --Pros
WiFi--Cons
Test-marketing
From the Paper "The downside to including a WiFi network within Borders cafes is that customers may be more apt to do work or talk to their virtual friends on the Internet, than peruse Borders afterwards and buy books and magazines. The time spent on the Internet is time that will NOT be spent looking at Borders items for sale. Although the cafe is an important part of Borders business, if customers are coming just to access the WiFi network, Borders cafes will not necessarily have an additional attraction, as opposed to a local Starbucks or restaurant that also offers WiFi and perhaps a larger selection of food and beverage items. Also, customers who wish to do work or socialize upon their laptops usually come in alone, rather than in more lucrative couples from the cafe's point of view. When using the Internet, these solitary patrons stay longer, perhaps, then if they were just looking at magazine within the store, also minimizing the amount of places for customers to sit down and eat, and reducing the total amount of patrons able to eat at the cafe."
Abstract This paper explains that, as the second largest retailing book store in the U.S., Borders has large financial resources to implement its strategies. The author states that Borders' strategic plan is to redirect business revenue from stock holders and dividends and back into the business. The paper relates that, with the added cash flow, marketing efforts will be increased and directed at women and baby bombers in an effort to attract these larger demographics. The author anticipates an increased market share and double digit growth over a 24 month period. The paper compares Borders with its major competitor Barnes and Nobles, which is the largest book retailer in the U.S., suggesting that Borders carries more titles from smaller publishers or self-published books in small quantity. The paper includes detailed accounting tables and an annotated bibliography.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Business Description
Ownership and Management
Key Initiatives and Objectives
Marketing Opportunities
Competitive Advantages
Marketing Strategy
Summary of Financial Projections
Confidentiality
Recognition of Risk
Business Overview
Business History
Vision and Mission Statement
Objectives
Ownership
Location and Facilities
Products and Services
Description of Products and Services
Key Features of the Products and Services
Production of Products and Services
Future Products and Services
Comparative Advantages in Production
Industry Overview
Market Research
Size of the Industry
Key Product Segments
Key Market Segments
Purchase Process and Buying Criteria
Description of Industry Participants
Key Industry Trends
Industry Outlook
Marketing Strategy
Target Markets
Description of Key Competitors
Analysis of Competitive Position
Pricing Strategy
Promotion Strategy
Distribution Strategy
Management and Staffing
Organizational Structure
Management Team
Staffing
Labor Market Issues
Regulatory Issues
Intellectual Property Protection
Regulatory Issues
Risks
Market Risks
Other Risks
Implementation Plan
Implementation Activities and Dates
Financial Plan
Beginning Balance Sheet
Discussion of Projected Net Income
Discussion of Monthly Cash Flow Statement
Discussion of Projected Annual Cash Flow
Discussion of Pro-Forma Balance Sheet
Discussion of Business Ratios
Pro Forma Income Statement
Cash Flow Statement, Year 1
Three Year Projected Annual Cash Flow
Balance Sheet
Business Ratios
Note 1: Revenue Assumptions
Note 2: Assumptions Regarding the Collection of Sales Revenue
Note 3: Cost of Sales Assumptions
Note 4: Sales and Marketing Assumptions
Note 5: Property and Utilities Assumptions
Note 6: Operations Assumptions
Note 7: Banking and Other Assumptions
Note 8: Wages and Other Assumptions
Note 9: Other Sources of Funding
Note 10: Other Uses of Funding
From the Paper "In order to boost sales and attract new customers. Borders would use different types of promotional tools to achieve that. We would focus our advertisement on newspaper and magazines that related to retirement and health. The reason is because these channels allows us to reach our target market -- baby boomer. In addition to the advertisement, we also include discount coupons, and special deals when they visit our stores on certain day. Advertisement would also be used when there's new stores open. For our Borders Rewards Club, we hold regular events and book signing. The purpose is to get more attention from the public and get more people come to our stores."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that, following the horror of the catastrophe and carnage of September 11, 2001, if there was ever any doubt that America's priorities needed to be changed, that doubt was now removed. The writer relates that America's leaders would begin to examine the nation's vulnerabilities, among the most glaring of which was the porousness of its borders - the vast influx of Mexican nationals across America's southwestern frontier. The writer notes that the flood of Mexicans across the United States border, though the result primarily of economic factors, has powerful implications for America's security. The writer points out that a serious analysis of the aims of America's national security strategy might look at whether illegal aliens truly present the terrorism problem that has been attributed to them. The writer concludes that while there may be real and significant reason to contain or eliminate illegal immigration from Mexico, and to seal the Southwestern border of the United States, government action does not seem to bear out the sense of urgency inherent in its rhetoric.
From the Paper "The Immigration and Naturalization Service was already putting operation plans that would treat alien groups as potential subversives, arrogating to itself extraordinary, seemingly extra-legal powers in the name of guarding against potential national security threats. The fear of alien incursion to which these contingencies react is based on a still larger problem, of which Mexico and other developing nations appear to partake. It is a similar to the problems that pervade much of the Muslim world, as well, and give rise to the feelings of hopelessness, despair, and frustration, that turn so many into terrorists."
"Globalization has led to a worldwide race for control of resources, both human and natural. The populations of developing nations, like Mexico, feel themselves more exploited than ever by the multinational corporations operating out of technologically-advanced nations like the United States."
Abstract The paper discusses how border security has been an issue for many countries for some time, from a security and economic perspective. The paper discusses the ramifications of border control for the country being invaded and for the country losing the people. The paper looks at the opening of borders to trade and the U.S., Canada and Mexico's NAFTA agreement that has become for many the symbol of globalization.
From the Paper "The prevailing attitudes toward immigration and border security were seen as being in conflict with aspects of American economic policy in the era of increased globalization. Critics often see globalization as something that happens to other parts of the world while the governing elites in America benefit. Those who see America as harmed in any way usually do so in terms of American workers thrown out of work because of factories moving to Mexico or China. There are other ways in which Americans are affected by globalization, however, among them when "formerly tightly knit neighborhoods absorb new waves of immigration and the job market changes, to a certain degree prompted by plant closings in favor of cheap labor overseas" (Mittelman, 2002, p. 5)."
Abstract In this article, the writer introduces, discusses and analyzes the book "Bordering Fires: The Vintage Book of Contemporary Mexican and Chicano/a Literature" by Cristina Garcia. Specifically, the writer provides a report on the book, including the major themes and ideas presented. The writer maintains that 'Bordering Fires' is a compilation of essays and writings about the Hispanic experience on both sides of the U.S./Mexican border, which attempt to define the unique cultural identity these people share. The writer concludes that written by some of the most well known and respected Chicano/a voices, the book creates a cultural heritage for anyone who reads it.
From the Paper "Another man writes of his obvious charms to his female customers at the gift counter in a department store, and how he works the system and gets caught. There is something innocent about all these stories, even though the characters are not all innocent or even in some cases likable. However, just like the theme of the book, they show the melting pot that forms Chicano/a culture, and how so many different people and personalities make up these people. It also shows the view they have of one another, which is not always positive, and indicates again that all these writers are writing about people who are searching for their culture, their voice, and their purpose in a life that pulls them in two directions at once.
"Finally, the New Departures section is the hope of the culture in the future. These beautiful works, which read more like fairy tales or myths, indicate the hope the authors have for the future of Chicano/a culture and how it will change and grow, just as it always has done. One story sums up the theme of this book and this section quite well."
Abstract This paper explores the the issues that the United States and Canada share regarding their common border and how these issues are being dealt with. The paper first presents a brief history of Canadian statehood, followed by a history of U.S.-Canadian relations. The paper goes on to discuss the effect the September 11th bombing of the World Trade Center has had on U.S.-Canadian border relations and issues.
From the Paper "The United States and Canada have shared a long and friendly history together. Next door neighbors on a geographic scale, these two countries share one of the longest borders in the world. While this border is guarded at certain points, it does not have guards at every point, making it also one of the longest unguarded borders in the world. For most of their history together, the United States and Canada have had few, if any, problems concerning their shared border. However, the September 11 terrorist attacks on the United States have complicated the border issues somewhat between the two countries. Things are now different than they used to be, but people are not certain in just what direction things are going regarding the border."
Abstract This research attempts to analyze the real circumstances of change in the border between the U.S. and Canada since September 11th. The paper answers several questions associated with the potential or real changes between pre-September 11th and post-September 11th border-crossing and security.
From the Paper "Prior to terrorism as the main focus upon which our borders, and really all entrance points into the US were protected was based solely on issues of illegal immigration and contraband, illegal drugs and the like. (Cornelius, 2001, pg. 661-680) (Dunn, 2001, pg. 7-18) In fact looking at a relatively brief literature review on the issues of border security, prior to September 11th it is evident that the word and concept of terrorism rarely if ever even enters the researcher's agenda, (Nevins, 2001, pg. 136) and when it does the questions possible losses of civil liberties seems to be the most pressing."
Abstract This paper describes the increased security at the Canada-U.S. border following 9/11 and discusses the challenges facing Canadian firms exporting to the U.S. The paper presents alternative options for Canadian companies. The paper states that, despite these alternatives, many Canadian companies chose to continue their profitable relationship with the U.S. and, instead, focus on solving border issues through effective management.
From the Paper "Canadian managers are faced with a number of international environments during the normal course of foreign business. These can include differences in language and culture, and differences in units of measurement. In an international environment, financial concerns and currency are also often apparent, as are concerns over differences in laws. However, perhaps the most important of these international environments focuses around trade agreements, sanctions, and barriers, and concerns over national security. In trade between the U.S. and Canada in the post-9/11 world, Canadian managers are faced with the problems of ensuring that trade flows freely within the context of increased American border security after September 11th."
Abstract This paper explains that underage drinking has been a problem in Mexico because there are no laws that are enforced for teenagers that may become dangerously drunk or even killed under the influence of alcohol. The author points out that, when he or she crossed the border to relates, the author saw a limited implementation of the law and no preventive measures in Mexico to limit drinks to minors. The paper suggests that the issue of underage drinking is a cultural, economic and legal problem.
From the Paper This study presents an experience that I had while crossing the Tijuana Border from San Diego. When traveling across the border into Tijuana there was a great deal of underage drinking that was allowed due to the differing cultural, legal, and economic problems that reside in Tijuana/San Diego trans-border relations. Although I was old enough to drink, I was made aware of the growing problem of underage drinking that was part of a personal experience in trans-border life. When interacting with the Mexicans across the border, I found that cultural, legal and economic factors allowed this activity to be a major problem for the safety of underage youths drinking Mexico. When I was old enough to drink I went with a few buddies across the border into Tijuana."
Abstract This paper discusses how, as the world has evolved into a global marketplace, companies are increasingly looking outside of their borders for business opportunities and how more and more companies are conducting business abroad to achieve their financial aspirations and growth. This paper examines how culture plays a major part in cross-border negotiations and mergers and acquisitions. Several ways that culture can affect negotiations are discussed and several types of training and awareness of different cultures are presented. Geert Hofstede's dimensions of culture are also explained. Finally, the paper examines four countries whose negotiating styles are vastly different from the negotiating styles of United States business persons.
From the Paper "Although negotiations between the same or very similar cultures may be difficult, negotiations with a different culture are more difficult. Business environments differ, including differences in local laws, regulations, foreign exchange rates and government controls. International deals also cross cultures. Cross-border deals include both opportunity and risk. Factoring cultural differences into the negotiation process to increase the likelihood of success has long been a critical issue with international deals. Globalization has led to cultural differences to be more important (Cellich & Jain, 2004, p. 11). It is imperative that negotiators conducting business abroad be familiar with the culture of the country they are doing business with. "
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that an e-health doctor-patient relationship is formed when communication begins. The writer maintains that online communication between doctors and patients can save time, money and be very satisfying to both parties if the process is structured well. The writer looks at issues, such as e-mail communication viewed as "treatment" and medicine practiced online by physicians who communicate via the Internet with patients. This paper discusses some ethical issues focusing on online communication and the doctor-patient relationship. The writer concludes that health care providers who provide specific or personal medical care or advice online must practice the principle of professionalism and should abide by their ethical codes of their profession just as they do for face-to-face interactions.
Outline:
Reasons Consumers/Providers use the Web for Medical Information
e-Health Ethics Organizations
Three Types of Web Sites
The Doctor Patient Relationship and e-Health
Conclusions
From the Paper "A provider that responds to email may face ethical and legal obligation. When physicians provide telephone consultations payment does not seem to be a factor in a doctor-patient relationship, but payment of a fee for online education or advice may be seen as acceptance of a doctor-patient relationship
"An important issue for a physician to avoid is a patient claim of abandonment. There is a protocol that a physician must follow to successfully terminate the patient-doctor relationship. Abandonment is defined as the act of a physician terminating a relationship at an unreasonable time and without giving the patient the chance to find an equally qualified replacement."
