Abstract In this article, the writer notes that California once again has written a bill to legalize assisted suicides. The writer points out that the proposed law is modeled after the one that passed in Oregon, which in 2006 resulted in 46 residents, most of them suffering from cancer, killing themselves after their physician gave them a prescription for a lethal amount of drugs. The writer discusses whether such a law should become national. Given the Supreme Court's recent ruling and some of the studies that have been conducted, the writer argues that people should have the right to decide if they one to have an assisted suicide, but it is necessary for the patient to talk with more than one doctor when making the decision.
From the Paper "The issue of assisted suicide became newsworthy in 1990 when Dr. Jack Kevorkian helped Janet Adkins, a 54-year-old Alzheimer's patient, take her life. He met Adkins in a Volkswagen van he had outfitted with a "suicide machine" consisting of three chemical solutions fed into an intravenous line needle. Dr. Kevorkian is not the only one who supports doctor assisted suicide. The Hemlock Society is a group committed to promoting the legalization of euthanasia. In 1994, Oregon passed the "Death with Dignity" act, which allows the terminally-ill to end their lives through the voluntary self-administration of lethal medications, expressly prescribed by a physician."
Abstract This paper explains that doctorassisted suicide in the form of passive euthanasia should be legalized on the primary basis that human suffering should not be prolonged by medical science simply to extend physical life. The author stresses that terminally ill human beings have the inherent right to refuse medical treatment because they are the moral guardians of their own lives and the ultimate authority to be considered---not doctors, lawyers, insurance companies nor the government. The paper suggests that priorities have to be established in circumstances involving contending rights; in right-to-die issues, the highest priority should be the emotional, psychological and physical well-being of the person faced with inevitable death.
From the Paper "This moral argument offered by opponents of doctor assisted suicide is of particular interest, for many of these groups explicitly assert that morality includes physical causality and moral culpability. It holds that active euthanasia establishes the physical causality of the physician, while passive euthanasia establishes the physical causality of the disease itself. In other words, in active and passive euthanasia the moral culpability remains the same, that is, it is in the hands of the physician. This is the due to the fact that the physician has the duty and the moral obligation to keep the patient alive. While these two separate worlds within the moral realm may cross in some places, it does not mean that they are one and the same, and this is one of the many reasons that the distinction should not be abolished."
Abstract Physician assisted suicide is a highly emotional and controversial issue. This paper discusses the difference between assisted suicide and euthanasia, looks at the pros and cons of assisted suicide, reviews existing Florida legislature and examines Dr. Jack Kevorkian's role in assisted suicide. The second half of the paper continues on a more humane note and discusses patients' right to self-determination, issues relating to sanctity of life, pain and suffering and comments on the doctor-patient relationship and potential areas of abuse.
From the Paper "Terminally ill patients know when the end is inevitable. They know when continued medical efforts are futile and many simply feel the cure that medical science is thrusting upon them is not worth the increased level of pain and discomfort they cause. When enough is truly enough, some patients will ask their physician to assist them in ending their life. Physician assisted suicide is a highly emotional and controversial issue that has significant ethical, religious and legal ramifications. This high-level paper will discuss physician assisted suicide, citing both pros and cons, examine Florida's legislature and look at the influence Dr. Jack Kevorkian played. The paper continues with a generalized discussion of patients' right to self-determination, issues relating to sanctity of life, pain and suffering and comments on the doctor-patient relationship and potential areas of abuse. While the number of pros and cons presented are equal the value that..."
Abstract In this article the writer discusses and explains the different forms of euthanasia. The writer looks at both sides of the euthanasia argument. The writer notes that those in favor of euthanasia bring up the comparison of passive euthanasia to active euthanasia and then discusses the differences. The writer covers issues such as doctor-assisted suicide and voluntary or involuntary euthanasia. In conclusion, the writer argues that euthanasia is ethically, morally and, should be, legally right for people whose medical condition is terminal, and whose suffering and hardship outweigh the benefit of trying to prolong their life.
From the Paper "Euthanasia has three sub-categories that can go along with either the passive or active definition. These include voluntary, involuntary, and non-voluntary. The firs sub-category is voluntary. This simply enough means that the patient willingly and capably made the choice. The second sub-category is involuntary. Involuntary, on the other hand, means that the choice was made without the patient's approval, who is otherwise capable of making the decision. Non-voluntary refers to the choice being made for an incompetent patient who is not believed to be capable of making the choice for himself. These three sub-categories play a major factor in how euthanasia is viewed and determined legally."
Abstract This paper discusses the highly controversial topic of physician-assisted suicide. The paper examines the arguments for and against the legalization of physician-assisted suicide. The ethical concerns of euthanasia are presented and the writer's personal opinions are offered. The paper explores the way physician-assisted suicide works in Oregon, the only state that has legalized the act. Various court rulings on the topic are described in the paper.
From the Paper "Physician assisted suicide has become a hot topic of late and many people think it is about these physicians becoming killers. This is not true, however, despite the opinions that many hold. The main problem is that many feel that physician assisted suicide will give doctors too much control over the deaths of their terminally ill patients. This is not the case, however, as physician assisted suicide will actually give the terminally ill patients more control over their death, and therefore by extension, more control over their life. Not all physicians would be able to do this in good conscience but there are some, most notably Dr. Jack Kevorkian, that feel that they are capable of this type of practice in order to help the suffering of their patients."
Abstract This paper examines the writer's opinion of the unethical practice of assisted suicide. The writer argues that there is too much risk to practicing assisted suicide because there might be a mistaken prognosis or other open issues. The writer fears that a society that condones mercy killings will eventually become a society that kills off its sick because it has become too much of a burden to care for them.
From the Paper "Patients should naturally trust their doctors in the society we live in. This relationship might be compromised by assisted suicide. But more important is the relationship between patients and their families with assisted suicide as an option for them. Families might even advise the patient to consider assisted suicide because of financial reasons- it is not impossible. Euthanasia is very cheap compared to the complex procedures that are required to save someone and keep them living. Also the patient might accept assisted suicide because they feel guilty for being such a burden on their family. This might make them change their minds and decide that they want assisted suicide just because they do not want to continue to be a burden and feel less guilty. Thisdoes not mean that they really want to die."
Abstract The paper argues against the practice of assisted suicide, which is now quite common in the United States. The paper discusses the issue from ethical as well as legal perspective and explains why the Court should never sanction this practice.
From the Paper "Assisted suicide is one of those burning issues, which give rise to ethical quandaries, not to mention extreme public fury. People are of the view that while we do have a right to live, we certainly do not have a right to bring an end to our own lives because the principle of dignity of human life doesn?t permit such an action. However over the years, many complex cases in this connection have surfaced, some of which even reached the Supreme Court. It is important to understand that law in many states prohibits physician-assisted suicide even though this practice prevails in many hospitals nationwide. What a physician decides with his patient in the privacy of his clinic is something solely connected with the doctor's moral and ethical principles, however we need to bear in mind that court in many cases has reiterated its stand on the issue by strongly opposing all forms of physician-assisted suicide for terminally ill patients."
Abstract This paper is a report from a medical supply company regarding the responsibility of physicians who work in close association with pharmaceutical companies to put the well being of their patients at the forefront of their professional work. The paper states, that whilst cooperation between doctors and pharmaceutical companies is essential for the development of new treatments, the doctor's prime consideration is, and must always be, the well being of his patient. The writer states that there have been cases where doctors have put their association with a pharmaceutical company before the good of their patients but, in the vast majority of cases, the exact opposite is true.
From the Paper "There have been exceptions to the above, where physicians have, in the opinion of their peers, overstepped their boundaries and represented the medical suppliers' interest more than their patients or the value of their science. A recent case, involving Dr. Martin Leon of Columbia, was particularly egregious. Dr. Leon revealed evidence from a clinical trial prior to its 'unveiling' date, which caused a significant movement in the stocks of several medical device companies. The response of the medical community was immediate and severe. Dr. Leon was suspended from editorial boards of the Journal of the American Cardiology Society and the New England Journal of Medicine for at least five years (Wood 2007). Dr. Leon's reputation as a clinical trials clinical investigator and participant was therefore permanently disadvantaged."
Tags:doctors, pharmaceutical, medicine, research, clinical, FDA
Abstract This paper focuses on the doctor/patient communication. It speaks of the ideas of the past in relation to this issue and how they have affected modern day medicine. The writer discusses the problems that exist when patients attempt communication with doctors, as well as problems that physicians face when addressing patients' concerns. The writer further offers suggestions for improvement and professional advice for resolving issues.
From the Paper "Traditionally patients have been accustomed to trusting in the services of doctors, and in accepting only the information given during a consultation. In years past, (especially in the days of the town doctor who made house calls) doctors often provided patients with only the details that the doctor felt the patient needed to know. Specifics of illnesses (mostly terminal cases) were only verbally provided when the doctor decided that it was appropriate to do so. Although patients generally knew that this occurred, it appeared to be acceptable to the general population for many years. This is not to insist that patients demanded medical information. Many patients believed that to query a physician was to disrespect his or her profession. More often than not this resulted in patients needlessly suffering with illnesses that might have been detected if the lines of communication between doctors and patients had been more open."
Abstract The moral issue of physician-assisted suicide is in the forefront of controversial issues being discussed amongst Oregonians today, according to this paper. Oregon's ballot measures 16 and 51 changed the law to legalize physician-assisted suicide - the first state to have such legal rights. This paper gives an inside perspective on the many opinions that the author from Oregon tries to portray.
From the Paper ""In November 1994, Oregonians voted on ballot measure 16, a measure which would legalize physician-assisted suicide. Under this measure, physicians would legally be able to write a prescription of lethal drugs to adults with a 6 months or less diagnosis of a terminal illness" (http://www.ortl.org/suicide/background.htm). Before this election in Oregon, pro-euthanasia groups had come together and campaigned unsuccessfully in California in 1992, and in Washington in 1991. Perhaps the reason these two states were unable to gain election was because the method of death was legal injection to be administered by the physician. ?Exit polls revealed the public's distrust of this method, thus causing the Right to Die campaign to "soften" the method to self-administered drugs. This tactic was better received by the public, and Measure 16 passed by a slim margin of 51% to 49%, making Oregon the first government in the world to legalize physician-assisted suicide? (http://www.org/suicide/background.htm). Thus, from the start of this election, it is easy to observe that not everyone in Oregon was or is excited about this new legalization. Such a small margin of wining was bound to give rise to controversy over the issue, and that's exactly what resulted."
Tags:assisted, care, ethics, health, laws, physician, suicide, Oregon, legal, government
Abstract This paper addresses the controversy over the effectiveness of public assistance programs, contending that in spite of the valid arguments against them, they do work but need improvement. It also mentions the development of public assistance programs.
From the Paper "President Lyndon B Johnson initiated the country's War on Poverty in his State of the Union address in which the statement "This administration today here and now declares unconditional war on poverty in America ..."
Tags: poverty, welfare, public assistance, Jewish welfare
Abstract This paper explains that the heated arguments in America over the morality of assisted suicide show that there is an ongoing conflict between medical ethics and human rights. The author points out that this conflict is at the heart of the assisted suicide debate, which has been in the news a lot in recent years. The paper suggests that this debate is becoming more intense as more and more Americans are living into their eighties and nineties.
From the Paper "The heated arguments in America over the morality of assisted suicide show that there is an ongoing conflict between medical ethics and human rights. This conflict is at the heart of the assisted suicide debate, which has been in the news a lot in recent years, for more Americans than ever before are living into their eighties and nineties. Many of these people do not want to be kept alive by medical science once their health has gotten worse, because when someone is very sick and has no hope of ever getting well, life is no longer worth living and every day just brings more physical suffering and emotional pain. In most Western countries, especially in the United States, assisted suicide is illegal because most people think no one has the moral right to take a human life. "
Abstract This paper takes a look at the statistics regarding euthanasia and assisted suicide. The paper reports that most Americans believe assisted suicide as morally acceptable and should, therefore, be legalized for personal, philosophical or religious reasons. The paper reviews the ideas of Dr. Jack Kevorkian, an American pathologist, who championed the concept of terminal patients' "right to die" by publishing the concept and participating in its practice in several cases.
From the Paper " In 1987, Dr. Kevorkian advertised his medical consultancy services for death counselling and eventually assisted in the voluntary suicides of more than a hundred terminally ill persons between 1990 and 1998 (Wikipedia 2006). In every case, the person performed the final act, which led to his or her death by voluntary euthanasia and Dr. Kevorkian was said to have assisted only by attaching the person to a device he had made for the purpose. The person himself or herself pushed the button, which released the drugs or chemicals, which in turned, caused his or her death. One device had a needle, which delivered the euthanazing drug through an intravenous tube and Dr. Kevorkian called a "Thanatron" or death machine. Another device was a gas mask fed by a canister of carbon monoxide he called "mercitron" or mercy machine. The second device became necessary when his license was revoked on account of the first two deaths from his first device. As a consequence, he could no longer acquire the substances necessary for it. "
Abstract This paper discusses, from a human resources perspective, the various methods of training employees in computer-assisted manufacturing. The strengths and weaknesses of these methods are evaluated in terms of the training outcomes. Several examples of companies who have given computer-assisted training to employees are presented. The paper also discusses the role of transformational leadership during times of change within a company. Human resources plays a role in developing these leaders and promoting them. The paper summarizes the role of human resources for companies involved in manufacturing to stay competitive.
Outline:
Introduction
Management Training and Leadership
Changing the Image Associated with Manufacturing
Employee Training and Retraining
Implementation of New Hiring Standards
Conducting an Internal Audit
Conclusion
From the Paper "Since the job market has become tighter in recent years as employment levels have increased, manufacturers must develop wider hiring standards, and train a person with no skills as compared to hiring a person with previously acquired skills. Research indicates that government assistance in the form of tax credits would encourage manufacturers to train their low-level managers and non-supervisory employees. Increasing credits for manufacturers who use state certified education/training institutions would strengthen relationships between the industry and certified training providers (Carnevale, 1990). These ideas imply that the anticipation of rewards is important as well as the perceived contingency between the behaviors desired by the organization and the desired rewards. This also implies that since different people desire different rewards, organizations should try to match rewards with what employees want. However, there may be possible difficulties. Employees may not believe that good performance does in fact lead to more desired rewards, and convincing them may require more changes than the organization is prepared to make. Poor selection and training of employees, for example, even with maximum effort, results in poor performance.
Tags: computer-assisted, manufacturing, human, resources, employees, training
