Abstract This paper introduces the topic of distance education and long distance education training for faculty. The paper defines distance education, examines the virtual university and discusses the need for instructional support services for faculty. The paper also covers the concept of lifelong learning, distance learning materials, the virtual learning experience and looks at the student population of distance learning.
From the Paper "The following research paper presents the topic of faculty training for distance education. Within this context the following relevant issues are presented: introduction to distance education, outcomes of distance education, quality ratings of distance education, student faculty and administration ratings of distance education, faculty instruction in distance education and conclusions."
Abstract This paper looks at some of the problems encountered with distance learning programs and compares distance learning to traditional face-to-face learning. The paper discusses problems with technology, cost, attrition rates and student-teacher interaction. The paper discusses some of the benefits of distance learning and when and why it can be necessary, but argues that traditional learning is better.
From the Paper "With the increase in frustration with the education system, as well as large numbers of people going back to school to get degrees many years after they started and dropped out, homeschooling as well as online and distance learning have gained popularity (Stull & Ryan, 2000, p.1). Traditional or face-to-face learning has generally the more accepted and mainstream approach to education in the US, as well as the most accessible. The teacher and students are in the same location and interact in real time, whereas distance education consists of "all forms of learning and teaching in which those who learn and those who teach are for all or most of the time in different locations" which includes online or internet-based education as well as older formats that involve mailing assignments back and forth (Moore, 2003, p. ix). "
Abstract This paper discusses the meaning of distance learning, the types of learning, where the learning takes place, what types of courses are offered, accreditation of distance learning institutions, and predictions for its potential growth in the future.
From the Paper "If a person completes coursework away from an actual school campus this is known as distance learning. The term distance learning covers many different types of learning and includes classes taken online over the internet ..."
Abstract This paper focuses on the issues surrounding the discovery and refinement of the astronomical distance ladder, beginning with a brief account and definition of the ladder itself before moving onto a definition and discussion of the insights of Edwin Hubble. After considering Hubble's contributions, it then discusses the developments offered by new scientists attempting to pin down the Hubble Constant in their work. The astronomical distance ladder is a device used by astronomers to measure distances between objects in space. The basic premise of the ladder is that, since we cannot measure distances directly, we make our distance observations based on distances that are already known.
From the Paper "As regards the Astronomical Distance Ladder, this was a huge and important step in the direction of the debate. Previous understandings of distance were based largely on the intensity of objects, and the nineteenth century standard generally held to the idea that ?faintness means farness,? but the Hubble constant and its revelation of a constantly expanding Universe opened the door to a wide variety of debates about the way distances are measured (Gingerich 1071). Indeed, then the current debate has largely settled around more specific elements of Hubbles view, rather than a whole-scale rejection of his system or some other form of innovation. Indeed, the large and greater portion of debates relating to the astronomical distance ladder focus ?on recently determined and still controversial values of the Hubble constant.? "
The paper demonstrates that distance educators need a more sophisticated learner-centered view of learning and teaching that shows an integration of knowledge from various disciplines and fields of practice, including pedagogy and andragogy.
Abstract The paper examines different theories of learning and then discusses the implications of different modes of instruction on distance education. The paper also looks at the need for a blend of educational philosophies in distance learning and concludes by suggesting a working educational model.
Theories of Learning
Behaviorism
Cognitivism
Constructivism
Implication of Theory Commonalities for Distance Learning
Andragogy and Pedagogy
Andragogy and Distance Learning
Differentiating Between Andragogy and Pedagogy
Philosophies of Education
Relating Philosophies of Education to Distance Learning
Continuum of Learning
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "While distance learning is not likely to completely replace traditional instruction in institutions, technology-based training programs are growing rapidly (Barclay, 2001). For example, Internet-based distance learning is currently one of the fastest growing markets in the education industry. The expanding use of technology challenges traditional classroom and instructional models of how successful training, and learning, should be administered."
This paper, including a plan, the speech, and slide content, is a presentation to show the CEO and his team why supporting the presenter's idea for an accelerated distance learning program.
Abstract This discusses an accelerated distance learning program, a unique idea, which combines two established ideas, accelerated learning skills and distance learning. The author points out that this combination provides a strategy for students to earn their degree in less time, for less money, without having to attend classes on campus. This paper concludes that distance learning is becoming more and more popular because its methodology is drastically improving.
Table of Contents
Presentation Plans
Outline of Presentation
Introduction
Explanation of Accelerated Learning Skills
Distance Learning: A Widely Accepted Program
The Facts about Accelerated Distance Learning Degrees
Cost Effectiveness
Evaluating Instruction
Conclusion
From the Paper "There are varieties of procedures that can be used to inform the activities of those involved in providing and supporting instruction. In distance education, the separation between teachers and students usually involves instruction or learning experiences being mediated through written or recorded materials. These 'published' materials often remain in the same form for several (or many) cohorts of learners, although some modifications and amendments can be made. In turn, this separation entails the absence of direct verbal and non-verbal feedback from students that is crucial in all teaching. The evaluation of any distance education teaching materials or course of instruction may serve to provide information that can be used during the process of developing or preparing materials or learning experiences, known as formative evaluation procedures (Slide 6), or information about how well the 'finished' instruction has worked in normal use, known as summative evaluation procedures (Slide 7)."
Abstract This paper begins with a brief look at correspondence schools, the prototype of distance learning, and then describes what distance learning has become today. The paper also looks at some of the adjustments in teaching policies and procedures required by distance learning, as well as its advantages and disadvantages.
Regional Development
Distance Learning versus Virtual or Traditional Education
Theories and Philosophies
Systems
Design Criteria
Methods and Strategies
E-Learning and its Benefits
Distance Learning and Realities
Definition of Terms
From the Paper "Its earliest prototype was the international correspondence in the 19th century. In the 1970s, it reshaped into open universities, later into the 1980's wave of technological products, such as the videotape, broadcast, satellite and cable. In the 1990s, Brey (as qtd in Burke) predicted that distance education programs would phenomenally grow that decade to an extent that most of the people the US would be served by it at the minimal ratio of 1:1, mostly in the community colleges. Right enough by 1994, 80% of community colleges in the US began offering some form of distance education program and the figure went up further in the rest of the decade."
Abstract The paper identifies the relative importance of the various elements of psychic distance, at each of the stages of the process of cross-cultural business relationship development. The paper analyzes the various stages of business relationship development and discusses the different types and elements of psychic distance that must be taken into account. Finally, the paper provides an analysis and evaluation of the relative importance of each psychic distance element in formulating strategies for international expansion. The paper concludes that the concept of psychic distance can help companies identify opportunities for creating strategic alliances and relationships with foreign companies to their mutual benefit, while avoiding the pitfalls and hazards typically associated with such international expansion efforts.
Outline:
Introduction
Stages of Process of Business Relationship Development
Types and Elements of Psychic Distance Analysis and Evaluation of Relative Importance of Each Element
Conclusion
From the Paper "The developmental phases that occur during expansion into foreign markets reported in many models of internationalization also suggest that companies perform best in foreign markets that are most similar to their domestic market (Johanson and Vahlne, 1977; Nordstrom and Vahlne, 1994). In this regard, Evans and Mavondo (2002) cite research by Nordstrom and Vahlne (1994) that determined the perceived negative relationship between psychic distance and organizational performance is attributed to the fact that psychically close countries are easier to learn about and understand. In spite of the widespread acknowledgement concerning a negative relationship between psychic distance and organizational performance, though, the existing body of knowledge remains nebulous in this regard (Evans and Mavondo, 2002)."
Abstract This paper defines distance learning as the promise to deliver education to those who are interested in obtaining a college education but cannot attend the traditional college classroom. This paper explores distance learning and how it benefits the masses, as well as examines the problems that arise from distance learning use. The focus centers on the future of distance learning technology and its use.
From the Paper "The need for a college degree has become evident in recent years for many professions. High schools are geared to prepare their students for college and students are being encouraged to think about post high school education as a given instead of an option. The workforce has become extremely competitive in the last few decades and often times what separates those who are hired from those who are not is a college degree. As the need for a degree becomes more important, people are trying to find ways to fit college into their already demanding lives. One of the things that has been invented for the purpose of allowing their pursuit is distance education. Distance education has enjoyed increasing attention for the last few years. It allows those who want to obtain a degree, but cannot attend classes, to fulfill their desire. Through the use of distance education millions of students across the nation are now working toward various leveled degrees and improving their earning power."
Abstract Examines adult student distance learning. Overview of this type of education in which students receive instruction by technological means. Current status of the field. Review of the strengths and weaknesses of the various technologies used. Profile of a typical adult distance learner. Effectiveness of distance learning. How distance learning can be improved.
From the Paper "THE ADULT LEARNER AND DISTANCE EDUCATION THROUGH
TECHNOLOGICAL MEANS
ABSTRACT
This paper provides an examination of the existing literature on adult student distance learning which is essentially defined as isolated learning by a student using a course of instruction delivered to him or her via technological delivery systems. The paper's basic purpose is to provide a broad overview of the subject and to use this overview to formulate conclusions about the current status of the field. To this end, adult education and distance learning are both defined. Further, the paper provides a brief profile of the typical adult distance learner in order to give the discussion a general context. The provided profile is followed by a review of the ..."
Abstract This paper is on distance learning. The benefits compared to the disadvantages of distance learning. Distance learning is becoming quite common with the advanced technology from the Internet although distance education has been around for over 100 years. This is a reaction paper to the literature review.
Abstract This paper discusses how the field of education and the field of technology have both experienced changes and demands in recent history. The world of education has been undergoing significant transformations, as well, and it was only a matter of time until the two areas interlocked. The paper discusses how distance learning has become common place in many areas of America and is currently under scrutiny as a viable option to the delivery of education. Whether the option is used at the elementary, high school, or college level, there are many programs available and a lot of focus on their successes and failures. It explains how distance learning promotes a lot of advantages, including space saving, flexible hours and the ability to take classes without having to attend a classroom on a regular basis. The paper addresses the fact that this type of education may not suit everyone, and a concern has developed that students are signing up for distance learning without having the personality traits to succeed in its forum. This study proposal addresses the issues of personality types, learning styles, and other factors that are involved in education. The study proposal tries to determine what personality types are best suited to distance learning.
From the Paper "The field of education in America is expanding. The world of technology is improving every day. The two fields met in the middle years ago and have merged to produce a forum for education delivery through the use of technology. This was done in the form of distance learning. Distance learning is the method used to deliver education through the use of technology. There are also course offered through traditional mail avenues but the majority of distance learning at this point in time is delivered through the use of computers."
Abstract This paper examines why online education has not been very successful. The paper discusses the definition of distance learning and explores the criteria necessary for a distance learning program or online course to succeed. The paper assesses the likelihood of various universities opening learning programs in developing countries such as India, China, Pakistan, and Iran.
Outline
Introduction to the Study
Higher Education and Distance Learning Global Trends
Distance Learning and its Impact on Student Number in the New Markets
Research Issues and Aims of the Project
Research Methods and Methodology
The Task to Be Undertaken
Discussion
Recommendations
Conclusion
From the Paper "Many universities in the U.S., Western Europe and Australia have been offering online courses and distance learning program for students in the developing countries around the world. There is however little being done to adapt these courses to the needs of the local population in the region. Developing countries, especially India, China, Pakistan and Iran, with their large population offer tremendous opportunities for many universities in the developed countries to increase their student population and consequently their profits.
The United States Distance Learning Association (USDLA) defines distance learning as ?the acquisition of knowledge and skills through mediated information and instruction, encompassing all technologies and other forms of learning at a distance.? (USDLA, 2004) Michael Moore in the text Distance Education: a Systems View defines distance education as a planned learning effort that occurs at a different place from where the teaching actually occurs."
