Abstract This essay outlines the successes and failures of three major regulatory undertakings in the past two centuries, specifically the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890, the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, and the Unfunded Mandates Act of 1995.
From the Paper ""The harm done by ordinary criminals, murderers, gangsters, and thieves is negligible in comparison with the agony inflicted upon human beings by the professional do-gooders, who attempt to set themselves up as gods on earth and who would ruthlessly force their views on all others- with the abiding assurance that the end justifies the means." This quote, from Henry Weaver's book, The Mainspring of Human Progress, uses a radical contrast to explain the broad dissatisfaction with the current regulatory system. With each shift in political party dominance, legislation is pushed to become law by Congress and the House, reflecting the politically charged social, political and economic ideals of the dominant party. As easily as a majority vote can put these laws into effect, a switch in party domination and a new majority can just as easily reverse the times. As Cindy Skrzycki states in her book, The Regulators, 'there is broad dissatisfaction with the system, and someone is always trying to fix it." (Skrzycki 2003, 136). Over the past two centuries, there have been major reforms that have dealt with inadequacies or shortcomings of the system, and which attempt to reform specific aspects of life. This essay will outline the successes and failures of three major regulatory undertakings in the past two centuries, specifically the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, and the Unfunded Mandates Act of 1995."
Abstract This paper reviews recent studies that attempt to identify the psychological factors"body dissatisfaction, self-esteem, perfectionism and abuse"associated with bulimia nervosa and women. While perfectionism and abuse have been hypothesized as risk factors in the multifactorial model of bulimia, body dissatisfaction and low self-esteem seem to contribute more to bulimic behavior. However, the processes that might account for such a link are not yet well understood. The review of literature aids in developing a framework for further research and treatment.
From the Paper "In the past 20 years, the prevalence of eating disorders has increased dramatically, where approximately 90 percent of patients suffering from an eating disorder are female aged 15 to 29. The two main types of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa (more commonly known as anorexia and bulimia). Their prevalence estimates tend to range from about 3 to 10 percent of women with bulimic patients outnumbering anorexic patients by at least 2 to 1. Both can lead to a wide range of physical health complications, including serious heart conditions and kidney failure, which may lead to death. In the United States, they appear to be about as common in Hispanic women as in Caucasians, more common among Native Americans, and less common among blacks and Asians."
Abstract This paper evaluates research related to the role of body dissatisfaction in the prevalence of eating disorders in women. The author points out that it is expected that there are a number of key components of these disorders, many of which are related to body dissatisfaction and other significant personality traits. The paper relates that eating disorders are a problem of today's media-hyped society.
From the Paper "In modern society, there is a tremendous push for all things thin, and this is primarily focused on the desire for males and females to look like the people that they see in magazines. Although these individuals may look desirable, they are not the norm, as the average person does not typically resemble that which is represented on magazine covers. However, many individuals, especially females, strive to be as thin as possible in order to satisfy their own objectives and to become attractive to others. In order to obtain this thin image, many women will often turn to eating disorders as a means of escaping a poor body image. This unfortunate set of circumstances is all too real in today's media-hyped society, and these issues possess detrimental consequences for those that accept this route."
Abstract This paper discusses the level of crime in Britain and the dissatisfaction that much of the population feels towards the police. The paper first discusses the major cause of dissatisfaction with the police and skepticism among the people as to police effectiveness. The paper then looks at accountability and leadership within the police departments and particularly focuses on the transformational leadership style.
From the Paper "A group of more than 150 senior police officers in the highest ranks was interviewed (Department of Criminology 2006). The research found that there were a few excellent and some good leaders in the service, but the desired traits of leadership were sorely lacking in them. The Home Office's published research on the styles of leadership most valued by police officers themselves revealed that most of the qualities valued were consistent with those under the transformational leadership. However, not much is known about the impact of leadership styles on the moral and performance of officers. Hence, there is not much to rely on to effect change. They were neither explicit about the management style they wanted nor have they incorporated these into the every aspect of the human resources arm of the organization (Department of Criminology). Nonetheless, transformational leadership is the style that comes closest to the ideal to this day."
Abstract This paper discusses self-image and body-image dissatisfaction, and how they correlate with sex, nationality, age and other contributing factors. The author examines such diseases as anorexia nervosa and bulimia, and how psychological and physiological issues also coincide with body image and self-perceptions. The paper also looks at how society and the media contribute to body perceptions.
From the Paper "The effects of body image and dissatisfaction can be harmful and even deadly. Certain diseases such an anorexia and bulimia can be almost directly related with self body image. Researchers, Lautenbacher, Kraehe & Krieg did a study on recovering anorexic women. They say that the perception of body size is a contributing factor to anorexia. As evident, ?"perception of body size is involved in these processes that determine the cause of anorexia nervosa" , Lautenbacher, Kraehe & Krieg. Body size ties directly to body satisfaction. Even after many anorexic or bulimic people have recovered, researchers suggest they still are unsatisfied with their bodies and how they look. They may gain weight back but still are dissatisfied with their bodies."
Abstract This paper discusses the movie "The Fight Club," which is based upon Chuck Palahniuk's novel by the same name. The different themes presented in the movie are detailed, including how separation and dissatisfaction can lead to totalitarianism and how violence is often used to rearrange the world. The author also looks at the social impact of the movie on society by analyzing several different scenes from the film. The author feels that the most striking feature of the film is its violence and how it has been taken to such an extreme that in many cases people either avoided it altogether, or left midway through the movie because the violence was too much for them to handle.
From the Paper "The experience of this film remained demanding to be considered and thought about it. However, unlike 95 percent of present -day action movies, there is an immense deal to ponder about and argue over since Fight Club presents an excess of thought-provoking material that at the same time works on many levels. The movie has been narrated in a conservative fashion, but is still been engaged, while Fincher's determination, and fidgety style turned it into a visual masterpiece. However, as mentioned in above largely the experience is mostly as strange as watching Kubrick's A Clockwork Orange since Fight Club is a tale that give details of an creepy alternate universe, in which the tune of life have the same rhythm as in ours but in a different manner."
Abstract This paper looks at different types of suicide and examines how
in each case, the individual controls the means and moment of their death. It shows how suicide is motivated by universal human needs and how dissatisfaction with life seems to prompt all suicides, even those that reek of martyrdom and egoism. It examines the effect of religious and cultural beliefs which can lead to mass suicides of cult groups and discusses euthanasia or assisted suicide.
From the Paper "Combined with powerful psychological forces, these prevailing spiritual beliefs can make suicide seem attractive. Especially in a culture that does promote a sense of entitlement to constant fulfillment and happiness, grief and other uncomfortable emotions become difficult to deal with. Without adequate coping mechanisms, a person who suffers from depression or any sense of dissatisfaction could choose to give up on life rather than endure the downs with the ups. Our Prozac-popping culture devalues pain and misunderstands the potential power of pain to stimulate growth. Suicide is seen as an understandable, albeit unfortunate, solution to psychological discomfort."
Abstract This paper applies the model of relative deprivation to the Civil Rights movement and includes excerpts from and analysis of the primary work "An Easy Burden" by Andrew Young. This model contends that the reason people desire change has less to do with an actual dissatisfaction with their situation, and more to do with how well their circumstances rate against the circumstances of others in society.
From the Paper "An Easy Burden's author Andrew Young, who experienced the dynamics of the movement first hand, declares: ?Racism, war, and poverty were heavy burdens, to challenge injustice was an easy burden" (Young, 1992). This was true in the 1960s, but there was a vast chunk of American history in which racial discrimination was simply accepted. By connecting relative deprivation theory to Young's statement, we can see that it was not until the black community was able to face the reality of its injustices by comparing itself with the image of America being portrayed in the ever-expanding media, that its members were truly inspired to incite change."
Tags: andrew, burden, easy, young, dissatisfaction, society
Abstract This paper posits that the sense of dissatisfaction that many people in our society feel at their work has more to do with systematic causes. It is directly connected to the resources, and decision-making capability in organizations. In essence, many people are dissatisfied with their work orientation because they are controlled and coerced by the social forces of their society.
Abstract Discusses the current shortage due to dissatisfaction in the nursing profession and competition from other professions, various reasons nurses are dissatisfied, and the impact of an aging work force coupled with a smaller work force.
From the Paper "A report from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, of Princeton, New Jersey, states that the current nursing shortage in the United States differs from past ones in that it is due to dissatisfaction in the nursing ..."
This paper discusses Woodstock, a three-day music concert held at Woodstock, New York in August, 1969, which had a profound effect on the young people and their music.
Abstract This paper explains that for four days nearly half a million people built their own little nation, established their own cultural rules and survived living in markedly difficult conditions, for the most part with good grace. The author points out that, in spite of a lack of sanitary facilities, food and clean water and in spite of a lot of drug use, there were only two deaths (and two births) at the Woodstock concert. The paper relates that the variety of types of music and kinds of performers brought together at Woodstock was reflected in the diversity of the audience, creating a watershed moment where an entire generation became empowered around issues of dissatisfaction with the status quo, civil rights and a rapidly growing peace movement.
From the Paper "Sha-Na-Na and Creedence Clearwater Revival were two groups who were opposites in many ways. Sha-Na-Na played their late fifties hit "At the Hop," which had no message at all except "Let's go to the hop!" while Creedence Clearwater Revival sang songs about bullfrogs who shared their wine with others. In the song, it didn't matter that the two people sharing the wine couldn't communicate. They just enjoyed each other's company at whatever level they could. It was an interesting image for Woodstock, where people had to deal with rain and mud, and shared what they had with each other while actively ignoring differences such as race or class."
Abstract This article consists of an essay regarding how political reform can be effected in Canada in a way that leads to a more democratic society. The writer discusses the balkanization of political dissatisfaction in Canada. The writer also discusses the power of the elites.
From the Paper "Consider the following claim: Canada will become a more democratic country in the next ... years. One might take exception to this claim countering that Canada is not only a democratic country, but is a country whose democratic character is envied in most parts of the world. Conversely within Canada one does not need to dig too deeply in society to find people who are dissatisfied with the state of Canadian democracy. This dissatisfaction is not limited to ... "
Abstract This paper describe the beat generation, a close group of American writers of the 1950s of whom Jack Kerouac is associated. This group rejected materialism and consumer society and put forth a new set of values. The paper relates that Jack Kerouac in his 1957 novel "On the Road" speaks about this dissatisfaction with contemporary society by presenting a moral and psychological portrait . The paper also points out that Kerouac uses the stream of consciousness technique to recreate his and his friends' deeply philosophical and spiritual cross-country road trips across America. The paper highlights the two main characters of the novel, Sal Paradise and Dean Moriarty, who in reality are Jack Kerouac and his closest friend Neal Cassady.
From the Paper "The Beats were intellectuals, writers who experimented with Zen Buddhism and drugs; the spiritually enlightening experiences that came as a result of the experimentation are described in the novel by characters such as Carlo Marx - real life Beat icon, Allen Ginsberg - and Dean Moriarty. What is interesting to mention here is that Sal Paradise, the main character and narrator of the novel, does not participate in his friends' experiments with Benzedrine. Moreover, he expresses his reluctance as to the possibility of finding one's soul i.e. what the other members of his entourage were looking for."
This paper is a complete research project including an extensive bibliography, studying the relationship of body image and self-esteem of girls and boys, ages 9 and 10, from Glasgow, England.
Abstract This paper explains that the intention of this study was to determine how early in their lives children, especially girls, are influenced by the media concerning their body image;and if that influence has any profound or pronounced effect, if the exposure begins during the pre-pubescent period. The author used (1) a self-assessment questionnaire of girls and boys, ages 9 and 10, from two different schools administered by the classroom teacher during regular class sections coupled with (2) the teacher's assessment of the child's self-esteem. This paper concludes that, more significantly with girls than with boys, weight and body image are inextricably linked as early as age nine with children already incorporated concerns of attractiveness as powerful indicators of how these children evaluate their own self-esteem. Tables.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Media influence
Other Influences on Body Image and Self-Esteem in Girls
Taking Objectification a Step Further
The Effect of Body Image in Adolescence
Factors Suggesting the Need for Child-Centred Body-Image/Self-Esteem Studies
Rationale
Hypotheses
Methods
Social Comparisons to Models and Peers
Body Image Satisfaction
Body Mass Index
Results
Relationships between Body Dissatisfaction and Reported Social Comparison
Correlations Between Body Dissatisfaction and Social Comparisons to Models and Peers by Gender
Multiple Regressions of Body Dissatisfaction on BMI, Grade, and
Attractiveness Attributes by Gender
Means and Standard Deviations for Social Comparison to Models and Same-Sex Peers by Gender
Teacher Assessments of Self-Esteem
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "Because of the ages of the children in the study, it was decided that the best way to assess self-esteem would be to interview the teachers of the children concerning which children suffered from low self-esteem, and then correlate their answers with those of the children. An almost 100 percent correlation was found among girls between higher weights and low self-esteem. For boys, the correlation between body shape was stronger than the correlation with weight per se. It is easy to conclude, therefore, that "Whether or not they are too heavy, females who see themselves as overweight show decreased satisfaction with their bodies, reduced levels of self-esteem, and lowered psychosocial well-being, as compared with males, in general, and with females who do not consider themselves overweight.""
Abstract This paper contends that theater can be dangerous on a variety of levels. The paper presents Plato's main concern, that art distracted otherwise reasonable people from using their reason to rule the other faculties. This concern appears to be a prominent feature in the dangers posed by the theater as expounded by Artaud and Boal. Artaud's theater concentrates mainly on the psychological aspect. It places people in touch with the primitive and instinctive to the detriment of reason. While the advantage here is that repressed emotions are revealed to be examined and possibly healed, it is also possible that a permanently broken psyche may result. The paper discusses Boal's theater, on the other hand, that poses a variety of levels in terms of both danger and healing. There is a psychological aspect that may be seen as similar to Artaud's theater. At the psychological level, Boal also addresses the subconscious in terms of dissatisfaction. In extreme cases, this may lead to a breakdown between the desired state and the state of dissatisfaction. The mental and physical aspects of danger are detailed in the paper.
From the Paper "The theater is probably the medium of art by means of which the most prominent of social sentiments can be depicted. Furthermore the theater lends itself to a variety of forms, including the highly experimental. One of the most recent evolutions in theater has been including the audience in the setting and theme of the play. Indeed, among the most modern thinkers is Augusto Boal, who takes this paradigm a step further in allowing the audience to actively take part in the creation of the very events within the play. The idea that art in whatever form could pose a danger to society and its way of life originates with Plato, whose main concern was with the art of poetry. Plato's thought was embedded in the politics and social structure of his time. According to him, then, the danger of poetry lay in the fact that it could distract citizens from their duties as citizens in the Republic. The role of poetry during Plato's time then was more or less the same as the role of theater today."
