Abstract In this article, the writer points out that women are discriminated against in the workplace with lower salaries and fewer promotions compared to men, regardless of the education or experience they have. The writer questions why people take employers to court for discrimination. The writer notes that before discussing how women are discriminated against it is important to understand why discrimination is wrong.
From the Paper "Four out of ten American women visit one of Wal-Mart's stores weekly ... Yet Wal-Mart is not only a horrifyingly stingy employer: Many workers say it is also a sexist one. Wal-Mart is not the only business discrimination against women. Five different areas of discrimination are race, sex, religion, age, and disability. Another large company that discriminates against women is Boeing."
Abstract The paper briefly reviews half-a-dozen sources that expertly discuss the situation of women in Canada's present economic environment. Among other things, the paper reviews the history of EI, the discriminationwomen have historically faced, the prospects for future betterment and where government policies are regrettably falling short of their promise.
From the Paper "The following annotated bibliography provides an introduction into the present literature on women and their status in the Canadian workforce. As should become clear, the status of women within the Canadian workforce has improved for the better in recent decades, but much work still remains to be done."
Abstract This essay looks at the discrimination of women in the workplace. It discusses the ways in which gender discrimination is manifested and the reasons why it is still persistent in our society today. Although the status of women in the labor force as well as in society in general has considerably improved in the last hundred years there is still a bias present. The paper presents articles that argue that women are still fighting for equity in pay and are more likely to suffer poverty due to discrimination in the workplace.
Abstract This essay discusses whether women are discriminated against in the labour market, and if so how this discrimination is manifested. This essay examines how women are not only paid less than men, but they are underrepresented in certain professions and in more prestigious positions with power. The writer argues that this discrimination has roots in gender inequality in our society. The writer proposes that, although the status of women has considerably improved in the last hundred years both in the society and in the labour workforce, there is still a gender bias.
Abstract This paper examines women's rights and the suppression of women in America today. The paper explains that as women become larger and more predominant figures within sectors in the workforce, political arena and other areas of substantial recognition, their freedoms flourish and benefit is found among all of their contributions. The paper also points out that recognizing areas and instances of suppression, organizations like the ACLU, WRP and the National Organization for Women (N.O.W.) are able to counter-suppress the discrimination by pin-pointing the roots of these problems. The paper then looks at how such organizations bring attention to these matters and how this is perhaps one of the most significant factors supporting the efforts for women's rights. The paper concludes that as women's rights continue to progress, their independence has become more apparent and visible as sole discretionary freedoms, which only help to further the desires to rid the discrimination that once influenced the beliefs that women were incapable of fending for themselves in both the work force and at home.
From the Paper "The evolution of women's rights has had a wrap-around affect that has taken years to finally begin to show its ramifications. As women were given more and more freedom, authority and equality in all aspects of life, the affects eventually came back to support their continuation and strengthened their efforts through the density within the areas they began to infiltrate. This has provided women with a voice to speak in defense of themselves and to stand up against the occurrences of discrimination in all areas of country. The further progression of these efforts has reached a point where women are fully capable of supporting themselves in many ways other than in simple regards as financial means. Fifty years ago, women were much more reliant upon the men in their lives to support and shelter their upbringing, youth, and adulthood."
Abstract This paper discusses how Canada has put in place several legislative devices in an attempt to ensure that women do not suffer discrimination. There has also been a growing recognition that discriminating against women in the labour market is unfair and should not be tolerated. This paper shows how although considerable gains have been made, women have not yet achieved equality in the Canadian labour market and that this, in fact, reflects a lingering and pervasive inequality of the sexes within Canadian society.
Abstract The paper discusses the theory of Naila Kabeer who researched Bangladeshi women home workers and maintained that these women did not exercise their own preference in their work choice. Kabeer explains that they were influenced by male domination, which in turn was impacted by societal discrimination. The paper shows that the patterns of employment and labor of immigrant women in the USA and in Sweden lend corroboration to this theory. The paper demonstrates how immigrant women face multiple levels of discrimination, most notably sexist and racist prejudice.
From the Paper "As noted above, Kabeer has pointed out that most Bangladeshi woman in London work in the clothing industry from home, while their husbands mainly work in the clothing industry in sweatshops and factories. Kabeer researched the reason for this, and found that the Bangladeshi women's "choice" to work at home is only partly their own preference, and that it is greatly influenced by male domination and other factors. She situates this domination within the context of the racist situation in which the entire family lives."
Abstract This paper examines how gender discrimination effects everyone and overlays an additional burden to any true minority and how every man, no matter his race or religion, has a mother and most have sisters, wives and friends who are women effected by gender discrimination. It evaluates the conflict among the experts about just how much effect the combination of race and gender discrimination has upon the individual. It also looks at how the literature associated with discrimination often links race and gender in the same category.
From the Paper "Though the overwhelming statistical and behavioral research indicates that the problem of gender discrimination will be hard met and that solutions are complicated and hard to employ, there are many social theorists who argue plans of action that both make sense and will hopefully help the problem. In the past some of the responses to the difficulties that arise when a mixed gender competitive system is in play have been answered with further discrimination, usually leveled against women, something similar to the mythical "separate but equal" that was offered to black children during an earlier era, and interestingly ruled against in the era that allowed these law schools to openly discriminate against women. ?The twentieth century actually produced retrogression rather than progress. The handful of medical schools that had opened to women in the nineteenth century reduced their offerings in the early 1900s."
Abstract In this article, the writer discusses that approximately 30,000 women are forced from their jobs due to pregnancy discrimination in the workplace. The writer points out that employers often discriminate because they fear that the woman may not return after medical leave. Further, the writer discusses that the scale of women pregnant in the workplace seems to be small compared to the spatial scale of American workers, yet more and more cases of discrimination is being brought against companies in the United States.
From the Paper "Approximately 30,000 women are forced from their jobs due to pregnancy discrimination in the workplace. Often managers and others believe that "pregnant women" are potential problems because they will miss work due to absenteeism or they may decide to stay at home with their infants after receiving benefits of paid medical leave. The scale of women pregnant in the workplace seems to be small compared to the spatial scale of American workers, yet more and more cases of discrimination is being brought against companies in the United States."
Abstract The paper addresses the issues of women in sports, the changing trends and the struggle involved in accomplishing the desired place in athletics. It describes how the field of sports since 1970?s, has been the obtrusive battleground to fight for the equality of sex. he paper describes how women's participation in sports has increased dramatically since the passage of Title IX.
Table of Contents:
Gender Discrimination and Women Sports Participation
Role of Title IX in Women's Sports Participation
Increased Sports Opportunities for Women Increase in Men's Support for Women Sports
Practical Implications to Increase Women Participation in Sports
Getting Results Through Increasing Awareness
Removal of Myths
Augmenting Press Coverage
Getting Authorities Intervene and Take Adequate Actions
Conclusion
From the Paper "Sports are another field where racial differences and gender biases are common. Women equality to play, to prove their abilities and to compete with men on the field is still a primary goal on the women rights association's agenda, those organizations working to ameliorate the contemporary conditions of the womenfolk. However gone are the days when women were willing to conform to the roles of a domestic wife, an obedient daughter and a dutiful sister. Women of today are not only well educated but they are also aware of their rights as human beings. With the signing of the Title IX, women became adamant in accomplishing equality of sex in the field of sports, apart from other disciplines."
Abstract This paper looks at how the path to women's equality has always been a slow process and how the 1920s and 1930s were slower than most periods. It examines how women suffered as the economy headed south and women had not yet united to support causes such as the Equal Rights Amendment. It analyzes the small amount of headway women did make during these troubled times. Women began to advance a women's control over her reproduction and sexuality and the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW) brought sexism into the broader context of racial discrimination.
From the Paper "However, after the initial surge of support for women's rights with the passage of the 19th Amendment, feminist fervor diminished throughout the latter half of the decade and all but disappeared during the Depression. And with that reduced support for women's rights came a renewal of traditional belief that women belonged in the home, not in the workplace. The proposed Equal Rights Amendment rarely received positive mention and was far removed from public concern. And, during the Depression, society viewed working women as stealing jobs from men who needed them to support their families. The sexist request that women refrain from entering the realm of the employed to solve the men's unemployment problem came from labor unions, state and federal governments, and employers alike."
This paper reviews and analyzes the empowerment of women through forms of psychological and metaphorical dissociation, as depicted in Henrik Ibsen's "A Doll's House" and Charlotte Perkins Gilman's "Yellow Wallpaper."
Abstract The writer of this paper examines how through the various portrayals of women, literary works succeeded in depicting the oppression, discrimination and submissiveness of women in society. This paper discusses the manner in which literature has resolved certain issues of oppression in women, while also illustrating the manner in which male characters, in numerous works of writing, have come to accept the rights and privileges of women. The writer explains how the process of alienation from society and the inner self, in women, is evident in both the writings of Gilman and Ibsen. In both works, the female protagonists are shown to experience various forms of alienation. This paper delves into how the women, in both novels, managed to emancipate themselves from the oppression and discrimination that they experienced, in their own surroundings. The writer of this paper contends that both Gilman and Ibsen's writings reflect similar themes of dissociation of one's self. Gilman's female narrator resorted to insanity, a form of psychological dissociation, in order to escape the prison-like conditions of her marriage, while Nora, in Ibsen's novel, separated herself from her husband, a metaphorical dissociation, in order to gain her freedom.
From the Paper "Finding no recourse or way to express her true feelings and thoughts, the Narrator began reflecting on her oppression through the yellow wallpaper patterns on the walls of her room: "The front pattern does move-and no wonder! The woman behind shakes it! Sometimes I think there are a great many women behind, and sometimes only one, and she crawls around fast...and in the very shady spots she just takes hold of the bars and shakes them hard." This passage can be interpreted in two ways: seeing the woman within the wallpaper patterns may signify her dissociation from herself psychologically by succumbing to insanity. However, this process may also be construed as her way of breaking out of the prison that is her marriage, the oppression she felt being dominated by John and the limits that marriage had put on her as a woman."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that today's society is based on a gender binary that requires men and women to be opposites. Men are expected to be active and aggressive; women are expected to be inactive and passive. The writer discusses that women in sports directly challenge this gender binary - they are not passive, but rather the opposite of passive. The writer maintains that women in sports are sometimes subjected to the abuse and discrimination that all gender outlaws in our society attract. The writer points out that this issue is particularly marked in Canadian women's hockey. The women's team is far more successful than the men's team and yet most people don't even know it exists. The writer discusses that women playing hockey detract from the aggressive male image associated with male hockey, while at the same time challenging every tenet of the gender binary. The writer concludes that teenagers should be taught parenting skills of which an important part should be examining and unlearning the sexism they have already learned from society.
Outline:
The Issue
Sources from the Internet
Explanation for the Issue and Plan of Action
From the Paper "Thus, as soon as a woman is strong and brave, she is suddenly a suspect! No wonder no one pays any attention to Canada's women hockey players!
"What is the solution to this? Clearly, there has to be an education program to combat the enduring belief in biological essentialism. Children need to be taught from a very young age that all people are capable of all attributes. They need to understand that the various human qualities are a virtual smorgasbord, from which they can freely choose, regardless of their gender. They need to be exposed to role models of adults who transcend the usual norms."
Abstract In this paper the writer argues that the effects of oppression and discrimination against fat people exact a heavy toll, especially on women. It shows that there are health advantages in being fat, that the dangers of fat are over-rated, especially in relation to women, and that the health dangers of being too thin are systematically under-rated. This paper explains that the true problem is fat prejudice, not the so-called obesity epidemic. The writer points out that fat prejudice works in favor of the powerful diet industry, giving rise to the suspicion that fat prejudice is fanned in the media due to the influence of this industry.
From the Paper "The media constantly tells us that thin people are healthy and beautiful, and that fat people are unhealthy and ugly. However, it is argued that the health dangers of obesity are hugely over-rated, for a variety of reasons. These include the interests of the multi-million dollar diet industry, as well as the fact that coercing women into worrying constantly about their weight is an effective part of the anti-feminist backlash, ensuring that women waste their energy on frivolous matters. Moreover, it will be argued that the greatest threat to the mental and physical health of fat people is not their fat, but rather fat oppression: the discrimination that fat people face in our fat-phobic society."
Abstract This paper examines the under representation of women in the law enforcement occupations as compared to women in many traditionally male jobs. The paper states that despite laws such as affirmative action, the presence of women is uncommon in higher-ranking offices such as sergeant or commissioner. It describes that women officers are often sexually harassed, receive lower pay in relation to men in their position and are often passed over for advancement for a male even if they are equally or better qualified. The paper offers methods to help reduce disparities if implemented correctly, such as enacting diversity education and training, actively recruiting, retaining and promoting female employees as well as providing a means of support for female officers will result in increased efficiency and employee satisfaction for the department as a whole.
From the Paper "Occupations in law have traditionally been reserved for men. It was considered too dangerous, too risky and too difficult for women, women who did enter law enforcement were often times given desk jobs. Even during the 1960's when women began to enter the job market with a vengeance, women were still persuaded from pursuing law enforcement occupations. Even today, there remains a disproportionate amount of females in such occupations. Additionally, the few women that are in these fields face various obstacles that include discrimination and harassment on the job. The plight of women in law enforcement can be compared to the plight of women in the corporate world, as both face similar obstacles and circumstances."
