Abstract
This paper explains that, among minority students as well as between male and female students, there are discrepancies in educational and occupational expectations and aspirations. The author points out that, using the National Education Longitudinal Study, a gap exists between aspirations and expectations among students who set goals that were unrealistic in nature and who had generally been described as having lower educational achievement levels early on in their education. This paper stresses that, first and foremost, educators have to identify when a potential for a discrepancy exists and than use a combination approach because there is no one solution that will fit every student.

Table of Contents
Historical Origins of Differences
The Discrepancies between Supposedly Increasing Educational Aspirations and Persistent Gaps in School Outcomes
Challenges These Differences Pose to Educators Today
What Schools and Teachers can do to Improve Educational Equity across Population Groups?

From the Paper
"Why the discrepancy? In the past little effort has been made to differentiate between aspirations and expectations; and example given is a study conducted in 1991 by Marjoribanks, who used the term 'aspirations' to describe his study, but actually measured student expectations. Thus, part of the blame rests on the shoulders of researchers. There is also evidence to suggest that sometimes students create aspirations that are unreasonable or unattainable. This is an issue that must be dealt with by school administrators and teachers, who must work together to help students create aspirations that are attainable and reasonable. In addition, students must be taught in an environment that encourages and supports, and one that recognizes the unique challenges and hardships any individual student may face when attempting to realize their expectations."

Tags:unrealistic, longitudinal, gap, combination, individual

Abstract
The paper discusses the assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy and examines the possibility of either the Mafia or the CIA to conspiring to kill President Kennedy. he author writes that the murder of Lee Harvey Oswald, discrepancies in the Warren Report, use of different firearms and ballistic information and key things missing in autopsy photographs all suggest a cover-up.

From the Paper
" On November 22, 1963, the thirty-fifth President of the United States, John Fitzgerald Kennedy was assassinated. Seven days later on November 29, 1963, the newly sworn in President, Lyndon B. Johnson, formed a commission that would investigate the assassination. The Warren Commission, as it would later be known, was to evaluate all leads and facts surrounding both the assassination of the President and the assassination of his alleged assassin. After the investigation was complete, the information found was to be reported to the President. The Commission gave their findings to the President in the form of the Warren Report, as the chairman of the Commission was Earl Warren. President Johnson had appointed Warren, the former chief justice of the United States, to head up the Commission. The Commission was able to compile much of its information with the help of Federal agencies, the city of Dallas, and thousands upon thousands of testimonies from people associated with the case. The Commission concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone assassin of President Kennedy and that Jack Ruby had killed Lee Harvey Oswald."

Tags:assassinate, Dallas, Giancana, presidential, school, book, depository, Zapruder

Abstract
This paper reviews individually and then compares and contrasts two different books about business, "Business Ethics" by Richard DeGeorge and "The Soul of a Business" by Tom Chappell. "Business Ethics" explores the areas of rationales of a business and describes how things and people should be in harmony so that the business environment is preserved and maintained in a diligent manner. "The Soul of a Business" mentions ways of re-shaping and changing the business in order to work for the common good of the business, customers, employees, entrepreneurs, business owners and community.

From the Paper
"The book begins with an introduction to the present business scenario, then Degeorge explains how to implement and pursue with tools and techniques of ethical analysis and moral reasoning, to the various issues taking place in all areas of business including marketing, finance, management, strategic planning, computer systems, etc. With the assistance of charts, he epitomizes how to use various ethical approaches and how to use these in handling issues. It is an excellent book showing readers how to ponder on various difficult business issues to solutions i.e. not only showing both sides of the issues but also how to think and solve them prudently."

Tags:domestic, international, marketing, finance, management, strategic, planning, customers, employees, enterpreneurs

Abstract
This paper shall examine the discrepancies between the events portrayed in the film The Missiles of October (1974) and the historical events of the Cuban Missile Crisis as they have been documented from transcripts and recordings made in the Executive Mansion in the fall of 1962. It will do this by comparing the role of the major personalities involved in the crisis, between the film and historical events. The essay will then look at the way that film portrayed Nikita Khrushchev behaved during the crisis and the differences between its portrayal and his own account as quoted in an article by Time Magazine.

From the Paper
Abstract This paper shall examine the discrepancies between the events portrayed in the film The Missiles of October (1974) and the historical events of the Cuban Missile Crisis as they have been documented from transcripts and recordings made in the Executive Mansion in the fall of 1962. It will do this by comparing the role of the major personalities involved in the crisis, between the film and historical events. The essay will then look at the way that film portrayed Nikita Khrushchev behaved during the crisis and the differences between its portrayal and his own account as quoted in an article by Time Magazine.

Tags:docudrama, nuclear missiles, cuba

Abstract
Paper indicating great discrepancies in how Canadian labour is presented in the Canadian print media at the present time; failure of capitalist and socialist opinion to discuss Labour and labourers as more than faceless entities; theoretical assumptions of different kinds, all obscuring what the present situation IS, and stands to be. Obviously, assertions on labour in relation to economic conditions must be made carefully.

From the Paper
Representations of Canadian Labour in the Popular Media. Introduction This paper refers to a variety of Canadian news media pieces suggesting a detached understanding of the Canadian labourer. Other media materials imply different opinions of labour and the labour market, the facts of labour shortages in the Province of British Columbia, for instance, described in terms of efforts to ease the entry of workers from the Philippines and elsewhere, in conservative journalism that is obviously meant to inspire sentiment on Canadian unemployment or under-employment versus the alleged necessity of bringing in foreign workers. As the

Tags:cdn labour, print journalism, contrasts

Abstract
This paper discusses James Madison's "Federalist 10 Paper" and its effects on American government. Distinctions are made between the concepts of "republicanism" and "democracy," and what they implied for the creation of an American legislative system. The author finds discrepancies between what is implied and what is stated in this Madison work.

From the Paper
"In James Madison's essay, the Federalist 10 paper, Madison articulates his hesitations about popular rule, or more accurately, "pure democracy," and the pernicious "faction" that might result from it. To obviate the destructive forces of faction that are implicit in "pure democracy," he offers instead a "republican" form of government. In this arguably elitist document, Madison cites the two methods of "curing the mischiefs of faction," by either "removing its causes" or "controlling its effects"."

Tags:American, government

Abstract
The portrayal of the Russian Revolutions has at times proved so markedly different, that it is hard to believe that authors or observers are discussing the same event. This paper focuses on this discrepancy in representation, highlighting the various factors which determined the way in which 1917 has been portrayed by first-hand observers, and later, by professional historians. In a case like that of the Russian Revolutions, where the generation of ensuing scholars and interpreters of other kinds were constrained by political ideology, we will see that history became the handmaid of the totalitarian regime, particularly under Stalin and his supporters.

Tags:interpreting, russian, revolutions

Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of medical care as it relates to different races and classes of Americans. Specifically, it compares and contrasts the differences in medical care for Blacks and Whites and different classes in the United States. The paper concludes by offering some ideas about equalizing healthcare between the different races and classes.

From the Paper
"A study completed in 1985 indicates that this group has a greater risk of not being treated effectively while being underinsured. This literature review looks at studies since 1985 to find differences or improvements in ethnic health care. They searched the MEDLINE database to find U.S. studies from peer-reviewed journals through 1999. They looked at studies that were general, and that covered specific diseases. They found, after including over 400 articles and studies for review, that there is still a disparity between ethnic groups, minorities, and whites in America. They looked at studies of several different conditions, and found clear results in some areas, and less clear results in others. However, all the studies showed disparity in healthcare between whites and other ethnic groups, and all showed there are still problems with minority health care throughout the industry."

Tags:ethnic, prejudice, treatment

Abstract
In the United States, the public school system is intended to provide comparable degrees of schooling for all students, regardless of the social or the economic backgrounds of the students. However, many sociologists that study the structure of the American public school system find that there is a direct correlation between the social and the economic status of the students in the public school system and the quality of the education provided. This correlation indicates that, while the public education system in the United States is supposed to provide identical educational standards for all students, that those students who are in areas with a higher standard of living will receive a better degree of education. This paper examines the correlation with the intention of demonstrating to the reader that the public education system in the United States provides discriminating education according to social and/or economic conditions for all students.

Abstract
This paper discusses potential causes of racial and ethnic health care disparities. It explores the antithesis that disparities are not insurance-related or related to a patient's minority status. The paper rejects this antithesis and then asserts and provides evidence that, indeed, racial and ethnic health care disparities are due to insurance-related factors and the minority status of the patient.

From the Paper
"Almost all industrialized countries in the world implement a health care system that is run on a national level thus providing health care equally to all citizens of the country. The United States is unique in that respect. The U.S. does not provide a federally run health care plan, and as a result, equality of health care among all citizens is not assured. In fact, an individual's access to health care often is correlated to one's socio-economic status, and in many situations, to one's race or ethnic background (Luhman 2002). As of 2002, over 400 clinical studies on racial and ethnic health care have provided evidence showing that across almost all medical areas, minorities generally receive a lower quality of care than do whites (Late 2003)."

Tags:HIV, HMO, diagnosis