Abstract
The paper explains how in business and other endeavors, communication and decision-making are invariable factors that contribute to the success - or failure - of any undertaking. The paper examines Mark H. Fowler's term of philosophical discontinuity in a case where one manager left a company due to disagreements in decision-making. The paper shows how despite the misgivings of the one manager, the decision was seen as the best one for the company. The paper looks at Allan Chapman's "decision-making maxims" and at Carter McNamara's "downward and upward communications." The paper concludes that the key to avoidance of disagreement is communication.

From the Paper
"Simplistically, it may be termed as "difference of opinion" or "varying viewpoints." But as Fowler (2002) presented in the case of the "Owner vs. Manager" wherein the owners "wanted to focus on the existing customer base and develop new products for existing customers" while the managers "wanted to reach new markets and expand firm capabilities", despite growth in sales after "discussing the different plans and agreeing to" the direction of the owners, one manager still left. This is also a case in point of not being able to satisfy everyone's wish and if a person strongly disagrees with management decision, quitting is always a prerogative."

Tags:groupthink, problem-solving, communication

Abstract
This paper deals with the motive of continuity and discontinuity in Graham Swift's novel "Last Orders", focusing on postmodernism and intertextuality. The recollections of each character are related and utilized to demonstrate the underlying theme of continuation and discontinuation.

From the Paper
"The reader, because he bears the role of voyeur and intruder in those streams of consciousness, progressively happens to own more knowledge than any isolated enunciator. The reader is like the private eye of a detective story, slowly watching the truth unfold. This very precisely worked-out reorganization of time makes him the only omniscient instance of the discourse. For instance, in Vince's soliloquy of page 136 to 137, the photograph of Ray and Jack in the desert - a recurring object that participates in the dimension of continuity - wouldn't have the same effect if we had not known before that it was taken after both of them came out of the Egyptian brothel. Vince's mentioning of Jack appearing "all by himself, with his shirt undone, chest bare, holding a ciggy" or "grinning, still alive, like he knows you don't know who he really is" bears then another meaning, only accessible through our experience as intruders."

Tags:intertextuality, narrative, scheme, discontinuity, continuity, polyphony

Abstract
This paper defines and discusses discontinuous innovation and whether or not it is likely to affect a specific unnamed organization. It suggests how the organization should respond to the possibility of disruption. The paper examines areas such as R&D, marketing activities, technology strategy and organization and relates them all to new product development. It also examines radical innovation and incremental innovation.

Table of Contents:
Scenario
Executive Summary
Introduction
Analysis & Interpretation
Conclusion
Recommendations

From the Paper
"It is clear that the pre-phase innovative potential vested within a project or within an organization or team is critical in the determination of whether the project, organization or team will be innovative in nature and in an ongoing and expanding manner. Radical innovation and incremental innovation are quite different from one another and it is likely that both types of innovation are required in projects, organizations or teams that are successful for an ongoing period-of-time. Breakthrough innovation is also a requirement in the successfully discontinuous innovative initiative. Innovation in the High-Tech market certainly combines the requirements of all these groupings and types of innovative components in order to be successful and stay competitive in the rapidly changing, advancing and expanding high-tech marketplace."

Tags:LED, R&D, radical, incremental

Abstract
This paper looks at different theories of education to see which best explains the achievement gap. The paper decides that cultural discontinuity is the main theory explaining the achievement gap and explains why the other theories are not as good.

From the Paper
"The theory which best explains the achievement gap in education is cultural discontinuity. Cultural discontinuity argues that we cannot assign value judgements or measure different modes of communication against an Anglo middle class norm, because this is not representative of the student population as a whole anymore. We need to look at different modes of communication as culturally relative. There are differences in communication styles between students of color and the Anglo culture which are culturally based and just, presenting the Anglo culture in the schools leads to conflicts..."

Tags:education, achievement gap

Abstract
This study brings together the histories of depression, antidepressant treatment of depression, and antidepressant discontinuation syndrome. These individual histories are combined to magnify a diagnostic and treatment situation that requires better management. In addition the literature is reviewed and the problems facing practitioners today are summarized. The paper concludes by proposing a methodology of establishing a singular and cohesive timeline so that recurrence of depression is prevented, hospital stays are decreased and higher levels of functional recovery can be achieved. This paper contains several tables.

Table of Contents
Abstract
Background of the Study
Statement of the Problem
Definition of Terms
Limitations of the Study
Theoretical Framework
Literature Review
Etiology
Secondary Depression
Antidepressant Discontinuation Syndrome
Prevalence and Risk
Prevalence of Secondary Depression
Risk Factors of Secondary Depression
Prevalence of Antidepressant Discontinuation Syndrome
Risk Factors of Antidepressant Discontinuation Syndrome
Diagnosis and Methods of Assessment
Diagnosis of Secondary Depression
Methods of Assessment of Secondary Depression
Diagnosis of Antidepressant Discontinuation Syndrome
Methods of Assessment of Antidepressant Discontinuation Syndrome
Treatment and Management
Secondary Depression
Antidepressant Discontinuation Syndrome
The Singular and Cohesive Timeline
Discussion and Conclusion
List of Tables
Table 1 - Causes of Secondary Depression
Table 2 - Matrix of Etiologies and Treatment of Depression
Table 3 - Differential Diagnosis for: Mood Disorder Due to
General Medical Condition 293.83
Table 4 - Diagnostic Criteria of Antidepressant Discontinuation Syndrome
Table 5 - Treatment Earmarks for Secondary Depression
Table 6 - Suggested Tapering Rates According to Shelton,
Table 7 - Treatment Earmarks for Secondary Depression and Antidepressant Discontinuation Syndrome

From the Paper
"Diagnosis of secondary depression in neurological patients has only recently become a major issue among rehabilitation practitioners. Unfortunately, it has historically been a struggle for mental illness to be treated as effectively as physical illness. Practitioners should be better equipped to help achieve maximum levels of postmorbid biopsychosocial functioning during the recovery process. Managing depression and related antidepressant discontinuation syndrome is an aspect of function recovery that needs closer scrutiny. The zeitgeist of the medical practitioner dealing with these issues needs to change from one of overcoming individual occurrences to one of overcoming a full progression timeline."

Tags:mental illness, biopsychosocial postmorbid functioning, function recovery, full progression timeline, neurology

Abstract
This paper explains that Jack London's works have received praise for their vivid descriptions of nature, and of the Klondike Territory in particular, and his works generally deal with the theme of the individual in opposition to an amoral, natural world. The author points out that an interesting perception of the inner logic that functions within London's work is the analogy to modern sports; the elements within the ethos of modern sports form a foundational perspective for understanding the works. The paper reveals that one of the most important aspects of London's work is the "discontinuity" that is revealed between man and nature and between civilization and instinct, which is particularly true with regard to the work, "To Build a Fire", where civilization and society are brought into extreme contrast with nature.

From the Paper
"Howard makes an important point to aid our understanding of naturalism in that naturalism contains within it some essential assumptions; one of the most important being that of "reality" as an external referential environment that is unquestioned. This runs counter to post-modern theoretical stance, which sees reality as relative and determined by the individual's perception. The critical literature also emphasizes an exploration of London's work from a socio-cultural and more time bound point of view."

Tags:nature, klondike, sports, discontinuities, genre

Abstract
In this paper, the writer discusses that the dangerous aspect of creating an ethically utilitarian "illusion" for the franchise and its participants is that there will be very little real loyalty within the organization. The writer maintains that profit driven discontinuity will inevitably create the appearance of the "loyal employee"; when they are, in fact, stealing and sowing private discontent in the franchise. This would be theoretical practice that the franchise would definitely like to avoid, but can be difficult when profits are insufficient and are not meeting financial projections.

Tags:business, ethics, study

Abstract
This paper attempts to delineate and describe both the biblical and the historical nature of the biblical figure, Jezebel. In addition, an attempt is made to show that modern scholarship and opinion indicates a certain discontinuity between the biblical and historical interpretations of this character. These and other interpretations of the character and reality of Jezebel are examined in the paper.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Biblical and Historical Jezebel
Differing Interpretations and Views

From the Paper
"In this light, the marriage of Ahab and Jezebel is seen as politically and socially expedient form an historical point of view. However, the central accusation against Jezebel in the Biblical context is that she was responsible for turning Ahab away from the true God of the Jews. She brought with her the Phoenician gods and the worship of Baal and succeeded in convincing Ahab to allow temples of Baal in Israel. This has enormous and serious implications in a Biblical context."

Tags:appellation ahab marriage pawn, alien culture

Abstract
It is a commonplace of history to observe that all ages are periods of transition, for history is characterized by continual change in human affairs. The Meiji Restoration of late 19th century Japan was such a transitional moment, for in a brief span of time the society, culture, economic and political order of Japan experienced a fundamental restructuring from a pre-Restoration society that was akin to the feudalism of medieval Europe, into a modern industrial nation state. A superficial reading of the history of this era would emphasize the extensiv and pervasive, changes Japan underwent in its social order during the late 19th century and give little attention to the elements of continuity which carried over from the pre-Restoration era. This paper will argue that, while it is impossible to characterize the elements of discontinuity and continuity in the society of Meiji Japan as being in "balance", given the rapid and radical nature of change in the country at this time, nonetheless an understanding of the history of Meiji Japan requires an appreciation of the elements of continuity in Japanese culture.

Abstract
This paper draws a comparison between Aristotle's "Telos" and Plato's "Form", arguing that the "material good" is the basis of politics. It also analyzes the differences in their philosophies and shows the discontinuity between their theories.

From the Paper
"Greek thought has indisputably provided a cornerstone throughout the development of western civilization. Perhaps two of the most influential contributors to this thought were Aristocles, better known as Plato, and his pupil, the reader(1), Aristotle. Among them existed a traditionally non-sophist view of an ultimate truth which dominated many of their philosophies. These views, however, deviated from each other in even the most primal state, becoming Plato s Form and Aristotle s Telos, and affecting them towards often discontinuous political philosophies. Whereas Form dealt with an ultimate truth beyond the sphere of the physical plane, Telos centered on a final causality, an objects good, which manifested itself as the result of the nature of that object within the sphere of material existence. This led Plato on a search for a higher thought above traditional politics, and Aristotle on a search to provide the best possible path to achieving the final good within it."

Tags:arendt, classical, philsopher, Aristotle, Plato, Telos, Form, materialism, politics, political