Abstract
For much of the history of the British North American colonies, and later Canada, female education has been shaped by a range of structural disadvantages. This paper will examine this history, arguing the thesis that it cannot simply be said that the history of female education in Canada was limited by sexism. Instead, as this paper will show, a complex range of social and ideological forces fostered structural disadvantages that effectively impeded the education of girls and women in Canada for generations. These forces will be explored, with particular reference to how they critically engaged with each other to create a ideological model of education in Canada oriented not so much towards the educational needs of Canadians as to the requirements of a ruling colonial economic and political order. As will be seen, this order marginalized not only females but also aboriginals in the British North American colonies through structural disadvantages that - although they have been successfully challenged in more recent Canadian history - created a legacy of disadvantage that the Canadian educational system is continuing to deal with to the present day.

From the Paper
Assignment 3 Option B Topic 5 Female Education and Disadvantage in Early Canada Introduction For much of the history of the British North American colonies, and later Canada, female education has been shaped by a range of structural disadvantages. This paper will examine this history, arguing the thesis that it cannot simply be said that the history of female education in

Tags:education, disadvantage, gender

Abstract
The paper discusses how women remain disadvantaged by Canadian divorce law and practicalities for which few are prepared, post-divorce. The paper makes a reference to feminist critiques of existing law, the data on women post-divorce, and assumptions of property division or law in relation to actual proceedings. The paper asserts that in addition to legal reform, women need to be prepared for a legal/court environment that does not guarantee fairness.

From the Paper
"Reform of Canada's divorce laws in the mid-1980s gave a false sense of greater security for women, in the event of a divorce. This paper explains the need for continuing reform because women are often handicapped economically and socially by marriage breakdown and termination. An important part of Canadian women's experiences of divorce has to do with what is assumed about the female spouse, children, the nature of custody and care, and matters of child support. The commonplaceness of divorce has created patterns that can be most unfair, some lawyers and family court..."

Tags:cda divorce, law/reform, women

Abstract
The paper discusses the rate of participation of African American men in professional sports as a function of cumulative advantage/disadvantage. The paper poses the social problem, discusses the investigation of the issue utilizing existing data sources and presents some conclusions. Sources utilized are cited and discussed in terms of their strength and reliability.

From the Paper
"Racial barriers to achievement have been declared dead by many who see the election of Barrack Obama signaling the end of discrimination (Williams, 2009, www.thecuttingedgenews.com). Only history will tell if this is truly the result of measurable sociological phenomena or just an amazing accomplishment of one unique man. Racial gains in educational attainment,..."

Tags:african, american, sports, merten

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the UNIX operating system, focusing on its basic structure and its advantages and disadvantages. The paper begins by giving a brief history of UNIX and how it was originally developed. It also describes how UNIX differed from contemporary operating systems at this time. Next, the paper points out the pros and cons of using a UNIX operating system. In particular, it notes the major advantage of UNIX is its multitasking and multiuser capability. A disadvantage of UNIX is its design is intended for highly trained programmers, not the lay user, such as in Windows. The paper concludes by stating that UNIX will be there in the succeeding generations and it will further evolve into other variants.

Outline:

Composition of UNIX
Advantages and Disadvantages of UNIX

From the Paper
"Like most endeavors in information technology, the development of the UNIX OS was not a one man effort but rather a collective one. Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Douglas McIlroy and others from Bell Labs were attributed to the development of the UNIX OS. The reason for the development of the UNIX OS is to allow several users to access the computer systems and use the resources concurrently. Thus, there is a sharing of resources without compromising the integrity and the performance of the system. The operating system coordinates the use of the computer's resources, allowing one person, for example, to run a spell check program while another creates a document, lets another edit a document while another creates graphics, and lets another user format a document -- all at the same time, with each user oblivious to the activities of the others. (Lucent Technologies, 2002) To this day UNIX is still prevalent because of its capacity for multiuser and multitasking role and as an open source software; it has evolved into several variants such as OpenBSD, Solaris, SuSE, Linux and others."

Tags:operating system, Bell Labs, multiuser, multitasking, kernel, menu-driven shells

Abstract
This paper defines experts as individuals who have developed expertise in problem solving, reasoning and creativity and are able to think in an effective manner about issues in their areas of expertise. The paper then discusses six key principles that experts use that novices do not and looks at several advantages to becoming an expert, while pointing s out that it can be a disadvantage in certain situations. The paper concludes that while becoming an expert is highly worthwhile, those who do so should be aware of possible limitations and learn ways to avoid such pitfalls.

From the Paper
"There are six key principles that experts use that novices do not. First, experts are able to notice features and patters of information. Secondly, experts use their vast amount of acquired knowledge, which is organized in a way that shows a deep understanding of a subject. Third, expert knowledge cannot be reduced to isolated facts, but reflects knowledge in context. Fourth, experts can retrieve knowledge with little attention. Fifth, while experts may know their subject, they may not be able to teach others. Finally, experts vary in their ability to approach new situations (Bransford, 2000)."

Tags:novice, knowledge, expertise, understanding, solution, abilities

Abstract
The following paper will briefly describe the advantages and disadvantages of being an African-American female slave in the nineteenth century. Specifically, the paper will look at such things as general occupational status and skill-set, the marital status of these women, and the position the law put these women into relative to their slave-owners. As will become evident, there were some modest advantages to being a slave women - but these were heavily outweighed by the disadvantages.

From the Paper
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Being an African-American Female Slave in the Nineteenth Century The following paper will briefly describe the advantages and disadvantages of being an African-American female slave in the nineteenth century. Specifically, the paper will look at such things as general occupational status and skill-set, the marital status of these women, and the position the law put these women into relative to their slave-owners. As will become evident, there were some modest advantages to being a slave women - but these were heavily outweighed by the disadvantages. There were some advantages to being a female slave in the nineteenth

Tags:female, nineteenth, century

Abstract
This paper consists of an analysis of Albert Nock's essay "The Disadvantages of Being Educated" and a brief self-analysis that follows using the concepts introduced in Nock's essay. The self-analysis concludes that the "disadvantages" that come with being educated are in fact advantages and are, therefore, valuable to the educated person.

From the Paper
"Ask almost anyone that has attended an institution of higher learning and he or she will tell you that education is a wonderful thing. Although education, like training, can help a person succeed in a selected profession, its benefits go far beyond building skill. An education can help a person make informed decisions about important matters in his or her life, such as who to vote for or the truth behind an advertising ploy. Education can also help a person understand perspectives that he or she might not have previously considered, whether those perspectives belong to the opposite sex or someone on the opposite side of the globe."

Tags:informed, analysis

Abstract
This paper describes the Minority, Women and Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (MWBDE), which was originally intended to assist societal groups in achieving success in business through public policy. The paper further states that the MWBDE sought to create an environment in which minorities, women and disadvantaged business owners could realize their goals of business operation and be supported in their efforts to provide services and products to larger industries and the local government.

From the Paper
"Minority, Women, and Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (MWBDE) Evaluation of Public Policy Issue The Minority, Women and Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (MWBDE) was intended to assist societal groups in achieving success in business through public policy. Pearson, Fawcett and Cooper (1993) state that the MWBDE public policy sought to create an environment in which minorities, women and disadvantaged business owners could realize their goals of business operation and be supported in their efforts to provide services and products to larger industries and the local government (p. 71). The design of the policy, therefore, was structured to produce desired results..."

Tags:business, public, policy

Abstract
This paper presents an in-depth description of Minority, women and disadvantaged business enterprise (MWDBE) in the State of North Carolina. The paper further examines the role of Historically Underutilized Business (HUB) in the state as well. According to the paper, the goal for the state is to reach a 10% participation rate by minority, women and disadvantaged businesses in the local market.

From the Paper
"Minority, women and disadvantaged business enterprise (MWDBE) in the State of North Carolina is focused on by the Historically Underutilized Business (HUB) office ("Historically", 2002, p. 1). The goal for the state is to reach a 10% participation rate by minority, women and disadvantaged businesses in the local market. By 2002 this rate had only reached slightly over 8% ("Historically", 2002, p. 1). The public policy regarding minority, women and disadvantaged businesses impacts the government of Charlotte, North Carolina for several reasons. First, strengthening the relationship between these businesses and the..."

Tags:public, policy, business

Abstract
This paper discusses the minority, women and disadvantaged business enterprise (MWDBE) in the State of North Carolina, which is focused on by the Historically Underutilized Business (HUB) office. The paper describes the goal for the state in terms of MWDBE and the objectives of the policy. The paper then looks at the pros of the public policy related to minority, women and disadvantaged businesses and how the policy can be successfully implemented.

From the Paper
"This can be accomplished through dedicated workers that strive to achieve organizational goals and that have the training and skills to ensure that the public policy is beneficial to all stakeholders in Charlotte. The Partnership for Public Service of the United States believes that this is possible when the right people are recruited, who believe that the issues associated with the community are essential to the well being of all people ("Welcome", n.d.). Yet, in order to attract the right people to accomplish this task the organization must be capable of providing a working environment that supports the desire to successfully serve the public."

Tags:policy, implementation, market, HUB