Abstract
The paper looks at the history of directive control supervision and discusses the potential conflicts that can arise when this mode of supervision is used. The paper explains how directive control behavior can be risky if it becomes overused and also, how this method of supervision depends solely on the expertise, intelligence, commitment and sincerity of the supervising teacher. The paper points out how a suitable method of supervision has to be selected for a teacher based on his/her individual needs, and briefly notes the opposition of two professors from the University of British Columbia to Carl Glickman's supervisory belief inventory (SBI), an integral part of his approach to directive control supervision.

Outline:
Overview
What is Directive Control Supervision?
The History of Directive Control Supervision
Issues with this Style of Supervision

From the Paper
"Directive supervision is used when either the faculty member is very new and needs more directive guidance, or when the faculty member is struggling and needs close monitoring and/or guidance. In some instances, the supervising faculty member is considered to have greater knowledge or expertise than the new or struggling faculty member. When the supervisor takes on a directive style of supervision, he/she is also taking direct ownership of the problem and the corresponding solution. The role of the supervisor is very prescriptive and very active. (Rettig, Lampe, & Garcia, 2000)"

Tags:teachers, supervisor, performance

Abstract
The work seeks to prove the statement of thesis which states that "ecosystemic play therapy provides better support for the child in play therapy than does the models contained in non-directive play therapy and is therefore more successful in eliciting change than non-directive play therapy." Ecosystemic methods of therapy and non-directive methods of therapy for play are researched and reviewed in this work in a comparison of the two methods toward the end of answering the question of which method is most desirable for therapeutic use.

Table of Contents:
Objective
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Play Therapy Defined
Non-Directive Play Therapy
Ecosystemic Play Therapy
Summary
Conclusion

From the Paper
" Many studies have been conducted in measuring the effectiveness of Non-Directive Play Therapy. Findings include those of the following studies. The effectiveness of non-directive Play Therapy was investigated by Kot (1995) in working with those who had witnessed domestic violence incidents. The Joseph Pre-School and Primary Self-Concept Screening Test, Child Behavior Check list and Children's Play Sessions behavior rating scale. Findings state that there was a significant reduction in the externalization of behavior problems as well as reduction in the overall problems with behavior."

Tags:behavior, children, concious, underdeveloped

Abstract
This paper focuses on the personal family model and non-directive teaching approach in family therapy. The paper explains that family therapy is a process in which the family members receive group therapy to successfully redefine their roles and their interpersonal relationships within the family unit. When the problems in a family can be attributed to a single person, the paper notes, it is necessary to address the individual on a personal level. The paper concludes that therapy is successful when the person achieves independence and self-directed control over his or her roles through non-directive therapy.

From the Paper
"Family therapy is a process in which the family members receive group therapy to successfully redefine their roles and their interpersonal relationships within the family unit. When the problems in a family can be attributed to a single person, it is necessary to address the individual on a personal level. Personal problems, social problems, and academic problems can all affect the role definition of that individual and should therefore be addressed as component aspects of a single problem. Therapy is successful when the person achieves independence and self-directed control over his or her roles through non-directive therapy."

Tags:group, psychology, role, relationship

Abstract
The following paper discusses the way in which three British employees working in the UK (all hypothetical examples ) were ordered to work 60 hours a week. This paper discusses their refusal to work these hours and looks at the ways and reasons for their subsequent dismissal. The writer explain what rights (if any) these persons have under EC Law to claim against their former employer.

From the Paper
"As Valentina works as a trainee doctor in a teaching hospital, her Employers would be able to derogate from the Directive 93/104 article 6 (2), as stated in 93/104, article 17 (2). As doctors in training are omitted from directive 93/104, Derogations may be adopted by means of laws, regulations or administrative provisions or by means of collective agreements or agreements between the two sides of industry provided that the workers concerned are afforded equivalent periods of compensatory rest or that, in exceptional cases in which it is not possible, for objective reasons, to grant such equivalent periods of compensatory rest, the workers concerned are afforded appropriate protection."

Tags:emanation, unconditional, overtime, salary, protection, government, regulation

From the Paper
"This research assesses, from a public policy perspective, Amendment 39.6831 to the Airworthiness Directive for Boeing Model 747.400 Series Airplanes, issued under Part 39, 14 CFR. The effective date of the Amendment was 26 December 1990.

Objective and Essence of Amendment 39.6831
The manufacturer of the Model 747.400 airplanes observed that, when some versions of Integrated Display Systems software were installed in Model 747.400 airplanes, the aural and master systems of the fire detection system on the aircraft becomes inoperative. Left uncorrected, this condition could result in a ... "

Tags:TRANSPORTATION: AVIATION

Abstract
This paper examines the meaning of Robert Frost's poem "Directive" and compares and contrasts the findings with those of Wordsworth's "Imitations of Immortality'. It looks at Frost's view of the human ability of the self to connect to time and Nature.

From the Paper
"If William Wordsworth's "Intimations of Immortality Ode" attempts to address the failing of the senses, then Robert Frost's poem, "Directive" challenges us to enhance our perception and explore the process of connection in the context of time and Nature. Wordsworth's poem begins by saying, "There was a time when meadow, grove, and stream,/ The earth, and every common sight, To me did seem/ Apparelled in celestial light." In Frost's vision, we are taken "Back in a time made simple by the loss/ Of detail, burned, dissolved, and broken off." "Intimations Ode" seems to describe a process of regaining the self through memory, while Frost gives his reader directions on how to escape their present disconnection completely in an effort to "Drink and be whole again beyond confusion."

Tags:Wordworth, Frost, connection, directive, poem, immortality

Abstract
This paper explains the concept of an advanced directive - where adults make decisions concerning their final days in advance. The purposes of having an advance directive are also explained in the paper. The author justifies the importance of following an advance directive not only because it is a legal and binding agreement, but also because it can spare anguished family members from making difficult decisions. However, many ethical issues ensue when family members disagree with the directives and the paper discusses scenarios where opposition to an advance directive might have merit.

Outline:
Introduction
Purpose of an Advance Directive
Why It Is Important To Follow an Advance Directive
Opposing Positions May Have Merit
Gray Areas in Following An Advance Directive
Arguments for Following an Advance Directive
Research Concerning Whether to Follow or Not
Conclusion
References

From the Paper
"Adults have the right and obligation to make decisions concerning their final days in advance. Whether or not to decline life support if death is imminent, or if a coma state becomes permanent is usually an ethical opinion which has already been formed and the adult who makes a directive concerning their own life under those conditions may make this action permanent by creating a living will or a previously prepared power of attorney, or directive which appoints a health care representative which the doctor may ask the patient to prepare in advance and keeps in the patient's file. It is the view of the writer of this paper that a person's advance directive should be followed, no matter how difficult it may be for the family or medical personnel."

Tags:medical ethics, law, health system

Abstract
This paper analyzes the personal family model and non-directive teaching within therapy. It discusses the importance of family members receiving group therapy to successfully redefine their roles and their interpersonal relationships within the family unit. It also describes the types of problems that may affect the treatment, the phases of treatments and what constitutes successful therapy for the individual within family therapy.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Background of the Topic
Personal Problems
Social Problems
Academic Problems
Treatment Phases for Autonomy

From the Paper
"The second phase of treatment occurs through building a trustworthy working relationship between the client and the mental health professional. This relationship is important, as the mental health professional will be recommending lifestyle changes and various psychological coping strategies to the client as the therapy progresses. This means that the client will have to trust the mental health professional in order to accept these recommendations and integrate changes into his or her personal lifestyle."

Tags:personal, academic, social, diversity, individual

Abstract
This paper looks at some of the controversy surrounding health care directives. The paper explains what a health directive is, looks at the purpose of health directives, explores the problems and controversy associated with them, and suggests a possible solution to these problems. Appended to the paper are notations concerning laws on health care directives, quotes about advanced directives from medical professionals, and a statement on health care directives made by a bioethicist.

From the Paper
"The past few decades have seen an increase in law suits revolving around the final medical wishes of those who fall ill. Media coverage has provided the nation with front row coverage when it comes to people in comas, vegetative states, and no hope of recovery. Family members are often pitted against each other and the hospitals as the patient lays waiting for a decision to be made. One of the things that has been increasing in popularity to prevent such problems is the use of advance directives. While advance directives are gaining in popularity and power their relative infancy creates an atmosphere for problems. Advance directives can lay to rest painful family decisions, as well as doctor decisions that may or may not agree with the family. They provide a blue print of the patient's wishes that everybody can follow."

Tags:supervision, medical, decision, care, legal, documents, vegetative, state, communicate, wishes, incapacitated

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the role of the social worker as patient advocate is an important one, especially in light of the shift from acute cause of death to chronic illnesses and quality-of-life issues in end-of-life situations. This paper examines the role of living wills and advance directives in light of the services a social worker provides. The opinion stressed is that social workers should not be involved in the education of the chronically ill patients regarding living wills; that it is the responsibility of the physicians, as social workers can not explain the clinical (medical) issues of the advance directive.

From the Paper
"The role of the social worker as patient advocate is an important one, especially in light of the shift from acute cause of death to chronic illnesses and quality-of-life issues in end-of-life situations. This paper examines the role of living wills and advance directives in light of the services a social worker provides. The opinion stressed is that social workers should not be involved in the education of the chronically ill patients regarding living wills; that it is the responsibility of the physicians, as social workers can not explain the clinical (medical) issues of the advance directive."

Tags:medical, living, will