Abstract A synthesis essay on the rise of toxic protists due to the increase in dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations from man-made pollution. Specific examples are used to illustrate this building environmental concern.
From the paper:
""In the Rivers and Coastal Waters of America an Ancient and Deadly Organism, Reawakened by Man-Made Pollution, May Become the Ultimate Biological Threat? (Barker, cover). In 1984, a small herd of cows in Montana collapsed and died in ten minutes after drinking from a pond coated with a pea green film. In 1987, three people died and more than 100 became ill after eating blue mussels from Prince Edward Island. In 1996, 149 manatees perished mysteriously off the coast of Florida. Autopsies of these endangered marine mammals revealed biological poisons in their brains and other tissues."
Abstract This paper discusses Red Tide - the common name for the blooming of certain species of dinoflagellata that have a reddish pigment causing the water to appear to be red when the massive numbers of dinoflagellates accumulate. The paper examines the dangers of Red Tide to human beings in the form of nausea, skin irritation and weakened immune systems. It also shows that Red Tide can be fatal to marine life, especially marine mammals. Finally, the paper discusses the effects of Red Tide on the fishing industry and the various things which are being done to try and control it.
From the Paper "Red tides have been completely unaffected by pollution, and finding a way to contain outbreaks has been a daunting task for scientists. Most recently, a Woods Hole scientist has been experimenting with using clay to smother the algae (Fairfield). This new method has helped protect the billion-dollar fishing industries in Japan and South Korea, and scientists are hoping it can protect the waters in the United States as well (Fairfield).
Until recently, the research has focused mainly on the toxins emitted, and the chemistry of the harmful blooms ? not on finding ways to control the blooms (Fairfield). While the United States isn?t a fishing economy per se, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration estimate that the U.S. will lose more that $1 billion over the next ten years because of the toxic algae (Fairfield)."
Abstract This paper takes a look at a vast diversity of animals and organisms that inhabit sections of bodies of water, oceans, seas and other known bodies of fresh water. The paper focuses specifically on plankton and zooplankton. The paper then lists various examples of zooplankton and taxonomy.
Outline:
Plankton
Zooplankton
Examples of Zooplankton and Taxonomy
From the Paper "The most common among freshwater zooplanktons are four major groups of animals: protozoa, rotifers, and two subclasses of the Crustacea, the cladocerans and copepods. The planktonic protozoa have restricted locomotion. They lack the mobility to actively swim. But the rotifers, copepod microcrustaceans and cladoceran, and specific immature insect larvae usually move lengthily in dormant water. Many pelagial protozoa are meroplanktonic, their lifecycle as planktonic animals usually occurs only during summer season. These forms expend the remainder of their life cycle in the sediments, often enclosed throughout the winter period. Bacteria sized water element are common food of many protozoans. Most of the known rotifers are non-predatory. They feed on bacteria, small algae, and other organic matter. Crustaceans are invertebrates that live in water as well as on land and can vary from microscopic to sixty centimeters. They are a large group of arthropods which is around 55,000 species. The most common among crustaceans are lobsters crabs shrimps and barnacles."
