Abstract This is a paper detailing the political implications of Herbert Marcuse's classic "One Dimensional Man", which is a critique both of modern (or post-modern) society and of traditional Marxist ways of describing economic systems.
Abstract This paper explains that, although global positioning systems provide cartographers with the ability to pinpoint topographical features and today the ability to express relief and contours on modern maps is commonplace, it was not always this easy. The author points out that, while the history of map-making is truly ancient, the ability to communicate accurately relief features on maps began in Italy during the 15th century. The paper concludes that today's cartographer enjoys the benefits of centuries of research into different ways of communicating three-dimensional features on two-dimensional planes and that the introduction of powerful three-dimensional computer-based visualization applications represents a true milestone in cartography history. The paper includes quotations and illustrations.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Rationale in Support of Study
Previous Research
Objective of the Study
Organization of the Study
Background of the Study of Relief Representation
Theoretical Framework
Methodology
Study Design
Theoretical Basis
Research Strategy Employed
Execution of the Study of Relief Representation
Results and Analysis of Relief Representation Techniques
Results
Analysis
Summary and Conclusions
Summary
Conclusions
Limitations of the Study
Recommendation for Future Research
From the Paper "According to Kirschenbauer and Buchroithner (2001), although these three-dimensional techniques provide the user with a decent overall impression of the represented relief, the transmission of detailed information and precise height data as it is rendered by contour lines is not simplified to any significant degree. This is because any of the older (which is to say a couple of years) present detailed landforms with techniques that do not provide a truly comprehensive picture yet. However, these authors emphasize that new technological innovations are making strides in this direction every day."
This paper discusses computer tomography, an X-ray technique that is used to produce very detailed images of internal organs, commonly know as a CT, CT scan, or CAT.
Abstract This paper explains that, while conventional X-ray exams produce two-dimensional images, CT scans use an X-ray-sensing unit that rotates around the body and a large computer to create cross-sectional images of the inside of your body. The author points out that the paranasal sinuses, a complex three-dimensional structure, prior to the use of CAT, could only be viewed through dangerous surgery; however, now with CAT, they can be viewed by computer-aided, image-guided, endoscopic sinus surgery avoiding surgical pitfalls. The paper relates that there can be risks associated with CAT scans similar to the risks of conventional rays; however, doctors and other scientists believe that CAT scans provide enough valuable information to outweigh the associated risks of radiation.
Table of Contents
Brief History
Benefits for Computer Tomography
How Does Computer Tomography Work?
Risks of Computerized Tomography
Conclusion
From the Paper "During its brief history, advancements for computerized tomography have made great improvements in speed, patient comfort, and resolution. As scan times have gotten faster, more anatomy can be scanned more quickly and more efficiently. The extreme speed of scanning allows the elimination of artifacts from patient motion such as normal breathing. Faster scanning helps to eliminate artifacts from patient motion such as breathing or peristalsis. CT exams are even now quicker and more patient friendly than ever before. Tremendous research and development has been made to provide exceptional image quality for a diagnostic guarantee of the lowest possible x-ray dose."
Abstract Educational Leadership historically depended upon Educational Psychology for assessing the individual's personality traits in determining "who" would make a good school leader. The problem with personality and trait-based measurements, however, emerged in the difference between pencil-and-paper test performances, and interactive social behaviors, which often contradicted each other. As the ideas of school culture emerged with the introduction of Anthropology's understanding of "culture," school leadership was re-conceptualized towards a cultural and social-based understanding of inter-active participants with values and interests that required inclusivity in the school's community. As personality was regarded less and less relevant to educational leadership, sociality and communicative skills were regarded as more valuable, as were abilities in negotiation, compassion and patience. This has produced a multi-dimensional approach to educational leadership, where all levels of school activity, including the school's relation with its community, are included in understanding what it required of an educational leader.
This paper reviews Julia Alvarez's "How the Garcia Girls lost their Accent", which is about four sisters who experienced a lifestyle change in coming to America from the Dominican Republic.
Abstract This paper examines the four sisters, their parents, the political backdrop, and the Dominican Republic's male-female nexus, which is so different from what one has come to view in America. The author points out that, in "How the Garcia Girls lost their Accent", which is set from the early 1960s to the mid 1980s, each sister brings her own dimensionality, which is a slice of what constitutes a woman. The paper states that the sisters? accents have completely changed; but, for better or worse, they have been fully assimilated into American culture.
From the Paper "It is in Fifi's relationships with men that we see the most vagaries. The start of the novel shows that she is really a person who would support a stable family. She is headstrong and independent. She generally gets what she wants. She presents her parents with their first grandchildren"a boy. She is the only one among her siblings that does not have a college degree, though there is no lack of intellect. Her husband is the most accomplished of all" ?? the German nobody turned out to be a world class chemist.?(p. 31) She seems to hold equal say in her marriage though her husband's character is not explored. Surprisingly, Fifi can adopt different roles."
Abstract This paper explains that care for the elderly and patients suffering from dementia has become a growing problem in the nursing and health care professions because of the patient's inability to adequately communicate his or her physical and mental condition. The author believes that the facility to assess correctly levels of pain and discomfort will lead to more comprehensive pain management protocols and techniques. The paper states that a multi-dimensional research methodology will be followed, including the assessment of the ADD and PIS formats.
Table of Contents
Research Problem, Literary Review, Research Question
Introduction
Research Problem
Literature Review
Pain Assessment and Management
Ethics
Research Question
Research Method, Design/Proposed Method, Sample, Data
Proposed Outcome of the Study, Time Scale, Resources
From the Paper "While there are many studies on the objective assessment and pharmacological treatment of pain in elderly patients in general, the emphasis in this proposed study is on Dementia. This implies that a more experiential modus operandi for assessment will have to be articulated to deal with the fact that communication is the main stumbling block to assessing patients? levels of pain and discomfort. Importantly for the criteria of this proposed study, the author of the above paper states that ?physical and affective pain in people with late-stage dementia are poorly assessed and inadequately treated."
Abstract This paper examines the urgent need for changes in the classification of personality disorders. The paper discusses the current classification model for personality set forth by DSM 4. It looks at the problems associated with this system of classification, including high level of co-morbidity and lack of theoretical or empirical rationale for selection of categories. The paper looks at proposed alternative classification systems, such as dimensional systems where extreme scores are representative of psychopathology.
From the Paper "Personality disorders are longstanding patterns of extreme, inflexible personality traits that are deviant or maladaptive and lead to impaired functioning or subjective distress. (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 1994). The essential feature of a personality disorder is an enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual's culture."
Abstract This paper explains that, although Henri Matisse and Picasso are noted as two of the greatest artists of the 20th century, Matisse, whose career spanned many decades, was always humble about his art especially his origins as an artist. The author points out that his work did not show natural items; instead, he attempted to capture emotions, sensations and the experience of his subjects, which very often took on a life of their own and looked more like caricatures rather than real subjects. The paper relates that Matisse is know for his vivid colors and one-dimensionality as seen in his paintings "The Blue Nude" and "The Red Studio".
From the Paper "In "The Red Studio," Matisse's use of color, imagination, and freedom of expression are all abundantly clear. In the one-dimensional work, detailed paintings clutter the walls, giving a sense of space and yet seeming closely confined at the same time. That is one very interesting aspect of Matisse's work throughout his career. His work was all flat and one-dimensional, and yet it did not seem flat or uninteresting at all. Critic Danto continues, "In 'The Red Studio' we see a corner, but the color of the walls, which meet at right angles, is uniform, as if they stood in the same plane."
Abstract The paper discusses how crisis management has grown and evolved since public relations was first conceived in dealing with organizational and governmental crisis management. The paper provides a literature review and shows how new and strategically suitable methods for coping during crisis management are required by today's public relations management. The paper explains that an effective public relations manager will turn to those in the legal department and other departments throughout the organization through establishment of an ongoing dialog. The paper demonstrates how this increases the likelihood that the manager will have the benefit of a multi-dimensional perspective during the management of the crisis.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Discussion and Conclusion
From the Paper "The work of Mark Schannon entitled: "Issue Management: Trying to Create Rational Explanations in a Non-Rational World" states that millions of dollars are spent each year in the attempt to answer the questions that are asked in relation to crisis management by the organization. Schannon states that: "Sophisticated research, econometric analyses, media analyses, NGO analyses, and past and future trends are scoured" in the attempt to answer questions of crises management. Schannon reviews the convention issues management model which was used by many organizations and specifically used by the Public Affairs Council until about 2001."
Abstract This paper analyzes the writing style of Julie Otsuka in her novel, "When the Emperor was Divine". The paper describes Otsuka's unique writing style as one that allows the reader to understand and feel what the characters in the novel are going through and to believe that they represent a real family and that the story being told is true. The paper further relates that Otsuka does this by telling the story in episodes, memories and dreams and by creating both two and three dimensional characters. The paper concludes that Otsuka's novel is very enjoyable to read.
From the Paper "As the novel continues the reader as well as the characters finds out that the characters are being sent away to internment camps due to the Pearl Harbor bombing. This of course affects all of the Japanese Americans but Otsuka narrows down the impact to a particular family, which is the woman, her son and her daughter. As well as the father, but he is never directly introduced in the novel or with the family when all this happens. All these characters are three dimensional characters in the novel, meaning the reader feels like they know so much about them to the point where we can put ourselves in their shoes. Of the girl it is said, "She was ten years old and she knew what she liked" (13). This is what is told about the girl, the daughter of the woman, which probably means that she must be a very secure and mature young girl. Then the boy is mentioned, "The first thing he put inside of his suitcase was his baseball glove" (18). This shows that this boy is typical American boy, into sports and simply just living a normal childhood life. As we read all the these things about these characters we begin to understand them and have some sort of connection with them, as in we might find to have something in common with them, or they remind us of ourselves when we were growing up. This is so extraordinary how the author just uses words to make her characters, yet the reader can interpret so many things out if it, to the point where we are connecting with them at a personal level."
Abstract The modern Chinese history under Mao Zedong is often perceived as a one-dimensional, iron-fisted rule by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) led by Mao. The truth, of course, is not so simple or one-dimensional. It is true that Mao was a larger-than-life figure who was raised to a godlike status through the personality cult built around him. The paper points out that, at the same time, Mao was an incorrigible revolutionary, which in itself ensured that there would never be a dull moment as long as he was in power. Although defying Mao's thoughts in China was a hazardous occupation while he lived, differences of opinion and expression of alternate visions within the CCP about how the country should be governed were not totally absent, even during Mao's lifetime. This paper examines some of the major policy campaigns launched by the CCP during 1949-1980, the difference of opinion or alternate visions expressed by a few, and the consequences they had to face.
From the Paper "In order to understand the dynamics of Communist China, it is worthwhile to briefly examine the background of the Communist movement and see how it came to China. China was a formerly great continental empire ruled by a weakened monarchy in the early part of the 20th century. A republican revolution in 1911 brought an end to the monarchic rule but the country remained beset with internal troubles and foreign interference. Japan, with its imperialist ambitions, sought to make China its protectorate, while local warlords in the country all but made a central government, irrelevant. China entered the World War I on the side of the Allies, hoping to halt the Japanese ambitions on its territory, but was badly let down at the Treaty of Versailles. In such a political environment, a group of Chinese intellectuals?inspired by the October 1917 Communist revolution in Russia, formed the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1921. Initially, the Communists joined the Kuomintang nationalists (KMT) who led a fight against the warlords to reunify the country."
Abstract In this article, the writer looks at one of the most famous Japanese woodblock prints ever created, "The Great Wave at Kanagawa" . The writer notes that woodblock prints were a common form of Japanese two-dimensional art, involving the creation of a raised surface that was intended to either replicate a picture or create a new picture on the surface of a beautiful piece of paper. The writer then studies the three-dimensional "Ewer for Use in Tea Ceremony," which functioned as a wine server for the meal that takes place after the tea ceremony. The writer notes that today, it is considered an art form that observes the harmony between food and nature, and takes the diner on an odyssey of flavors, textures and colors. The writer concludes that the works of art considered, reflect the idea that artistic form and sacred function should be united in Japanese art and that the difficulty of artistic creation should not call attention to itself.
From the Paper "How the food appears within the serving ware is just as important as the tastes of the food itself, and the harmony of the flavors of the meal are reflected in the harmony and balance of colors on the vessel. Unlike the woodblock, the images upon the vessel are not dramatic, although the vessel is crafted in an innovative fashion, in terms of its use of kiln technique and introduction of unexpected colors. The striking nature of the color reflects its function as a wine vessel, one of the stronger flavors of the kaiseki meal. The heavier, brighter flavors of the wine are intended as a balance to the flavors of Japanese rice wine, known as saki."
"Thus, within the woodblock composition there is balance, and the apparent ease with which the mountain withstands the terrible typhoon parallels the ease with which the woodblock artist creates, with great difficulty, the deceptively simple raised etching that creates a print."
Abstract This paper starts with a background of the Jazz Age which F. Scott Fitzgerald was a part of, and looks at how Fitzgerald's personal experience was reflected in his work. It maintains that Fitzgerald's ability to adhere to two different perspectives was one of his distinguishing marks as a writer, as well as his ability to create three-dimensional characters and write about the American experience that has withstood the test of time.
From the Paper "F. Scott Fitzgerald was a part of this time. In his twenties himself, he lived the way the rest of his generation lived, and he "not only represented the age, but came to suspect that he had helped to create it" (Bloom 57). He was constantly aware of being involved in a part of history. He made countless lists of current slang expressions, songs, football players, and hobbies. Forever seeking to keep up with the times, he knew he was part of a changing world that was slowly losing its innocence. "Fitzgerald never lost a quality that very few writers are able to acquire: a sense of living in history. Manners and morals were changing all through his life and he set himself the task of recording the changes" (Bloom 57). He wrote about the Jazz Age in away that no one else could, integrating into his work his own personal experience, and a rare double-vision that allowed the reader to not only participate, but to stand apart from it all, absorbing with a critical eye. Because of this gift his novels are timeless."
Abstract The following paper examines how all Greek sports, even the Olympic events, were performed in the nude. This paper examines how nudity in and of itself wasn?t the purpose of the art, but was used to best represent the images. The writer explores how women were banned from the Olympics because it was held in a sacred area. This paper also explores how the the nudity in sports gave sculptors a reason to study the human body more closely, and its proportion and movements. The writer traces back early attempts to capture the human form and examines how over time, nude sculptures became smoother and more realistic, while still adhering to the quest for the ideal.
From the Paper "Even though sculptors eventually worked out the proportions in their work. the Greeks were not known for experimentation with style. Once they found an image that was pleasing, they tended to stick with it. The typical male statue, the Kouros style, had a very distinct pattern that was followed: ?The figure stands erect and strictly frontal with his left leg advanced, his arms tense at his sides with fists clenched. Details are represented with strength and simplicity. The eyes are big and almond-shaped, the ears large and so carved as to form a kind of decorative adjunct; the essential parts of the body are clearly defined and subject to an established canon of proportions, while muscles and bones form surface patterns on the marble. The work already has those qualities of grandeur and proportion which characterize all the best Greek sculpture throughout its history.? (Carver) The male form was the highest level of ideal beauty."
Abstract This paper briefly examines the history of ancient Greek art. It focuses on several periods - Archaic Period, Early Classical Period, Golden Age, Late Classical Period and Hellenistic Period. Different types of art forms are discussed and examined how they developed during these periods. The influence of other cultures on Greek art is also analyzed, namely Middle Eastern and Egyptian.
Outline
I. Introduction
A. History
B. Cultural influence
II. Archaic Period (600-480 B.C.)
A. Egyptian influence
B. Middle Eastern influence
III. Early Classical Period (480-450 B.C.)
A. New humanism led to balanced human form
B. Marble and bronze figurines
IV. Golden Age (450-400 B.C.)
A. Temples of the Athenian acropolis
B. Parthenon sculptures
V. Late Classical Period (400-300 B.C.
A. Expression of emotion
B. Individualization and three-dimensional movement
VI. Hellenistic Period (323-31 B.C.)
A. Nike and Aphrodite
B. Terra-cotta figurines
VII. Conclusion
A. Importance of masterpiece copies
B. Influence of Greek culture
From the Paper "The earlier great cultures of Egypt and the Near East were making art long before the Greeks and much of the early Greek art looks Egyptian, with its stiff and profiled poses and boxy geometric designs. Moreover, the Greeks borrowed the ideas, motifs, conventions, and skills from these earlier civilizations (Tansy 1996). However, it was the Greeks who made the leap into naturalism and in their representations of the human body created an ideal of perfectly balanced proportions that has never been improved upon. Although, we often speak of Greek and Roman in the same breath, the greatest accomplishments of Greek art were five centuries old by the time the Romans began to copy them. "
