Abstract
Digital design for computer architecture tends more and more toward different forms of expert system, what has to pas for artificial intelligence until something more comprehensive is developed. Such systems are sometimes called decision support systems, and these are being used by a variety of companies and businesses. Such systems are also being linked to supermarket checkout scanners in order to gather information about what products are being purchased at what prices.

From the Paper
Digital design for computer architecture tends more and more toward different forms of expert system, what has to pas for artificial intelligence until something more comprehensive is developed. Such systems are sometimes called decision support systems, and these are being used by a variety of companies and businesses. Such systems are also being linked to supermarket checkout scanners in order to gather information about what products are being purchased at what prices. Though such data has been gathered for some time, there was no software that presented the information in a form marketing managers could easily use until recently. Before, such data was delivered in written form that was largely ignored.

Tags:digital, design, theory

Abstract
This paper explains that, in spite of the usefulness and potential of the digital imaging process in hospital radiology departments, the cost of the equipment it requires has stopped digital imaging in hospital radiology departments from progressing and growing as fast as was hoped. The paper also explains that the slow progression towards digital imagery does not mean that the importance for the future that the technology holds should be discounted. The paper then discusses the two main types of digital imaging systems as they relate to hospital radiology departments and concludes with a discussion of image quality and its significance. A copy of the source documents used are also appended to the paper.

Table of Contents
The Evolution of Digital Imaging
Computed Radiography (CR)
Digital Radiography (DR)
Image Quality

From the Paper
"Digital imaging in hospital radiology departments came about for several reasons. The most important of these, however, was the idea that the digital images could be viewed by any authorized person at any time, thus making it much easier and faster for those that needed to see them to have access to these images (Gillespie, 1999). These digital images eliminate the need for films and film libraries, thus freeing up space, as well. However, there are still problems with this issue that have stopped digital imaging in hospital radiology departments from progressing and growing as fast as was hoped. The major concern for these departments is the cost that is incurred when it comes to the digital imaging equipment, which is much more expensive than the older methods that were previously used to take x-rays and perform other functions (Gillespie, 1999)."

Tags:medical, practice, computed, radiography, digital, density, high-quality, radiographers

Abstract
This paper discusses the issues and challenges involved in an enterprise-centric approach to the managing of digital content. The writer specifically focuses on the management of medical imagery, a field commonly referred to as digital asset management. Additionally, the writer discusses the need for standards that provide for the creation of digital medical imaging systems.

From the Paper
"At the center of integration efforts within the medical digital imaging system design efforts in the industry today is the creation of the virtually integrated electronic patient record (VIEPR), which is the basis of the future generation of wireless and web-based applications that are capable of "tracking" to patients as they progress through treatment programs. The VIEPR concept is aimed at taking digital medical imaging strategies and making them on an "always on" status that patients can present for analysis by medical professionals including radiologists and medical specialists. The future of thin-client based medical digital imaging delivery applications is based on this technology."

Tags:digital, asset, management, healthcare, enterprise

Abstract
Information Technology communication brings with it the challenges which have beset the human race since their initial attempts to interact upon a social and trading basis. This paper examines the idea that intellectual property throughout the world needs to be harmonised with the protection of a creators rights protected by a more codified international agenda.

Outline
Introduction: Why the Harmonisation of Copyright Laws and Systems is Important Especially in the Digital Age
The Main Issues of Current Copyright Protection in the Digital Age The Transformation of International Copyright Through International Treaties
The Obstacles in the Way of a Global Copyright System
Conclusion: The Future of International Copyright Laws -Further Harmonisation

From the Paper
"Information Technology communication brings with it the challenges which have beset the human race since their initial attempts to interact upon a social and trading basis. As democratic governance involves public debate and open decision-making, the organisation of interests groups, and the free exchange of ideas, opinions and information is essential. To a greater degree than ever, open media provides a critical measure of progress towards democracy. Access to information and the right to freedom of expression are central elements in ensuring the voice and participation necessary for the development of a democratic, civil society."

Tags:copyright, digital, intellectual, international, law, property, rights

Abstract
This paper presents an in-depth study of electronic payment systems, their history, advantages and disadvantages. The paper describes the different forms of electronic payment systems and discusses the impact of the internet and electronic cash on the banking system and how we exchange money. Definitions of different types of electronic currency are provided as well as a brief comparison of electronic money systems in Europe and the United States. The paper also discusses smart card technology. Finally, the paper looks at possible electronic payment systems of the future and poses new questions that must be addressed regarding the application and future use of these systems.

History
Foundation of Electronic Banking
Automatic Clearing Houses
Credit Cards
Debit Cards
E-money
Smart Cards
System For the Future
Conclusion

From the Paper
"To be able to understand the electronic systems in use today, it is important to look into the early history of electronic banking. All of the systems in use now have their foundations in the early systems that were developed thirty years ago. It is interesting to note that the history of early electronic banking parallels the time frame of Internet development. The Internet has always been an integral part of electronic banking and will continue to play a vital part in the electronic world of the 21st century."

Tags:technical, currencies, community, group, global, communications, encryption, digital

Abstract
The Internet has clearly changed the playing field for a wide range of enterprises in the past decade, but one of the fundamental changes that is taking place and that may be going unnoticed by the general public, is the use of the Internet to facilitate telephonic communications. While the majority of advocates of such systems recognize that the benefits to be realized are associated with cost savings rather than improvements in functioning over existing PBX-based systems, the trend is clear that Internet-based telephony is here to stay and will be improved in the years to come. This paper provides the background and an overview of the issues involved, followed by an analysis of PBX versus voice over IP telephone systems. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.

From the Paper
"The benefits of Internet-based telephone systems will likely relate to lower costs rather than improved or enhanced functions. Clearly, the Internet is a natural network for these applications more so than the existing telephone system for a variety of reasons. For instance, packet switching allows these applications to be mixed with others over a common network, and voice can be combined with other modes of communication such as text, video, shared workspace, and so forth. For telephone-like applications, the Internet can deliver the signaling information all the way to the end node, so the telephone features can be implemented at the edge of the network."

Tags:analog, digital, switchboard, telecommunications, telephony, trunk

Abstract
This paper describes that data structure is a way of storing data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently. The paper then goes on to describe how computers store the said data in terms of binary data presentations using Boolean logic. Furthermore, the paper describes data in the form of bits, along with converting binary data into decimals. Lastly, the paper talks about a computer's physical memory, which is based on one of two systems: (1) Random access memory (RAM), or (2) Read-only memory (ROM), and goes on to talk specifically about different coding systems.

From the Paper
"Data directly supported by CPU are called primary data type or machine data type computers. CPUs also process complex data type such as string, array, text files, databases, and image data such as MP3, jpeg, and mpeg. However, 64-bit and the 128-bit use different math functions in order to maintain portability. In each case, there is a signed and unsigned integer type associated with each. Excess notation is a format that is used to represent a signed integer and represents numbers in order and at the transition point; the high-order bit is set at zero. This represents the excess number. Positive numbers are above in order, negative below (Burd 78). Zero represents the excess identifier therefore; the excess 16 notation shows the value for zero is the bit pattern for 16 that is 10000."

Tags:RAM systems, data structure, software, boolean logic, memory

Abstract
This paper examines today's computer applications that help companies improve their performance and profitability, with a focus on executive information systems and digital dashboards. First, the paper shows how identifying appropriate technologies for a company represents a timely and valuable enterprise. To this end,the paper gives a detailed descriptions concerning executive information systems and digital dashboards, what they are, how they work, and how they provide value to a business organization. Two examples are given, first SAS, followed by Lilly Software's Executive Information System. A summary of the research and important findings concerning these executive management tools is provided in the conclusion.

Outline:
Review and Discussion
Executive Information Systems
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The research showed that EIS and digital dashboards are computer- and Internet-based applications that can help executives better manage the flood of information that they receive on a regular basis. The research also showed that executive information systems and digital dashboards are like any management tool in that their value relates to the individual's ability to use these tools appropriately. Top-level managers who are "spreadsheet junkies" will likely embrace these technologies in major ways, identifying new ways to use their information displays to make more timely and informed decisions..."

Tags:SAS, Lilly Software's Executive Information System, applications

Abstract
This paper examines how the needs of commercial aviation is continually changing and how, with the desire to grow the manufacturing business, Boeing is continually downsizing and reorganizing, with an optimum goal to yield a highly efficient manufacturing process. It examines how senior managers have faced the challenge by defining four new strategies to lead the company toward this endeavor in the form of goal setting.

Outline
Introduction
Production
Competition
Upgrading Existing Business Units
Design of New Aircraft
Twentieth Century Technology Empowers Boeing's
Transformation of Business Strategy
CATIA and ENOVIA as Enterprise Wide Standards for Digital Design and Manufacturing
Knowledge Work Systems
The Winning Team - Analysis

From the Paper
"Prior to production of the Boeing 777, manufacturing at Boeing was decentralized and non-conducive to information sharing. Production in many areas of design, manufacturing and assembly operations were highly inefficient by virtue of time loss and duplicity; most of which was experienced by engineers who design, prototype, and test airline systems utilizing more than 800 independent computer systems, all of which spoke variations of the same architectural lingo "airplane." The problem was clear to see; the efficiency of communications solutions represented the difference between profits and losses."

Tags:777, boeing, catia, enovia, information, management, system, virtual

Abstract
This paper examines alternative IPR systems and digital rights management in light of it being a topic relevant to technology and business today. The paper discusses how digital rights management has become a controversial and important, necessary in maintaining the protection for digital rights and assets for commercial entities. Using the ODRM model, the paper explains one alternative to traditional processes.

From the Paper
"The rise in Internet business and commerce has made internationalization and globalization a stark reality. The advent of internet business has also introduced a cost effective means to firm operations, reducing physical costs and creating a brand new marketplace in which to market products. However, the use of the Internet for commercial purpose has also sparked a distinct ethical debate. The implications of a free Internet marketplace have its consequences, and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) remains a growing concern. The development of IPR systems have shown a drastic improvement in addressing the issue, but the lack of research and..."

Tags:drm, ipr, internet