Abstract
The paper focuses on a case study of a difficult individual, a principle of an office, who refuses to consider the opinion of others. The paper analyzes this problem using relevant theoretical concepts and perspectives and makes practical recommendations on how the problem could be resolved from interpersonal and communication perspectives. The paper identifies the 'Know It All' and the 'Sherman Tank' as the types of communicators that would be specifically inclusive of this particular difficult individual.

Outline:
Objective
Introduction to Communication Theory
Dealing With Difficult People
Different Types of Difficult Behavior
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"The work of Christiansen, Cochran, and Corkery (2000) entitled: "Dealing with Difficult People: A Training Program" published by the University of Iowa, University Counseling Service states that the program at the University of Iowa is one specifically designed so that the learner will be provided with the opportunity "to learn more effective strategies for relating to angry, emotional, or tearful individuals." This type of program should be completed by the individual "who finds themselves in situations where they have to cope with emotional individuals.""

Tags:relationships, friendships, behavior, gestures

Abstract
This paper discusses the theme of the book, which stresses that mediation and diplomacy is needed in dealing with such parents. The paper points out that there are two types of problem parents: Those that show little interest in their children and those that are overly concern and involved. The author feels that today's stressful lifestyle is producing overly stressed parents and children.

From the Paper
"Often, it has been observed that a school administrator must act as a surrogate parent to the children at his or her school. However, it is a less commonly articulated, but no less accurate, statement to assert that dealing with the parents of students is an equally crucial part of an administrator's job. A schoolteacher, administrator or principal often finds him or herself, despite his best intentions, acting as a kind of surrogate parent and confidant to student's parents, providing advice and counseling about the best way students may learn and benefit from their education."

Tags:surrogate, stress

Abstract
This paper explores the concepts of reformism and the leadership approach for teachers who work in difficutl school environments. The paper explains that leadership for principals and teachers is a guiding concept of what is known as reformism in North American education. Inner city schools are fine environments in which educators have experimented with new regimes of leadership stressing principals and motivated teachers who work with students towards a vision of improvement. School administrations making leaders responsible for individual schools note that the leadership approach is often successful, and where nothing else has proved successful in the past; refs US, UK and Canadian contexts.

From the Paper
"Amid troubles of changing school environments, marginalized youth and uncertain predictions for the future of education, a focus on developing educational leadership can provide teachers with new motivation in creating best possible classroom and learning experiences. This paper examines educational leadership as it now pursued in the English-speaking world in relation to often trying school environments and difficult student bodies. One finds that some approaches are old-fashioned; all demand strong efforts on the part of teachers who can find inspiration ..."

Tags:elementary, inner, city, funding, challenge

Abstract
This paper discusses the article, "Black Managers Complaint of Discrimination at WSSC," which asserts that the management at the WSSC promotes less qualified white men while overlooking them. The paper also discusses the Equal Opportunity Employment Commission's investigation of the case.

From the Paper
"The most recent complaint, filed by the eleven managers, is being investigated, and it is difficult to tell how long the investigation will last. Racial discrimination is difficult to prove in a system that still favors the white majority, and Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission is probably aware of it. Instead of offering evidence to the contrary (such as comparing the numbers of high-level position held by equally qualified African American and Caucasian workers; comparing salaries; or producing examples of steps taken to impose consequences for discriminatory behavior) their only defense is that the workers' claims are unsubstantiated."

Tags:racism discrimination, washington suburban, equal opportunity employment, management

Abstract
The paper provides a discussion of domestic and international terrorism and examines their similarities and differences. The paper explores the the history of domestic terrorism in the United States and focuses on two modern groups, PETA and Greenpeace, that some consider to be terrorist organizations. The paper highlights the difficulty in identifying whether certain organizations are domestic terrorist groups or merely political organizations.

Outline:
Domestic And International Terrorist Groups--Similarities And Differences
History of Domestic Terrorism in the United States
PETA and Greenpeace--Terrorist Groups?

From the Paper
"According to Wieviorka and White (1998) domestic terrorism is often "an extension" of international terrorism, but the two have many functional differences (p.293). Most importantly, international terrorism is more of a political entity than domestic terrorism. In fact, international terrorists generally only use violence in an attempt to communicate with some other "political entity," offering a warning or a sanction for actions that the terrorist group did not want to occur. Domestic terrorism, on the other hand, has violence as its primary goal, and Wieviorka and White (1993) argue that domestic violence groups are rarely political organizations, even if they can be described as extremists on either the left of the right. Instead, the authors suggest that domestic terrorist organizations have effectively left the political spectrum when they become terrorist organizations--their goals are primarily violence (Wieviorka and White, 1993, p.293-294).
"Of course, in order to understand these differences between domestic and international terrorism, it is important to understand what terrorism actually is. McCauley (n.d.) argues that the definition of terrorism is often misleading, as defining terrorism as simply violence perpetrated by a small group excludes incidences of Mao, Stalin, Hitler, etc (para. 1). Still, terrorism can be from both above and below. That is state-sponsored terrorism, or terrorism from above, can be just as terrifying as terrorism perpetrated by non-state groups, or terrorism from below."

Tags:PETA, Greenpeace, terrorists, extremists, cults

Abstract
This paper examines the communication skills, problems and issues relating to a case study in which a new Registered Nurse (RN) is temporarily in charge of her ward and is forced to work with an unwilling UAP from another. The paper examines the nature of their non-verbal communication, the issues of diversity and personality at play and also develops a response strategy for the RN to follow in managing to work with the UAP.

From the Paper
"In the given case study, Julie, a relatively new Registered Nurse (RN) has been suddenly thrust into an unfamiliar situation in which she perceives a level of ability in herself to manage both patients and unskilled assistants. One of her reassigned assistants has clearly demonstrated an unwillingness to work with Julie and is clearly being insubordinate. Julie's attitude, newness, and unfamiliarity with dealing with challenging employees has certainly made the situation less than ideal for clear communication. But, in her mind she has to have asked herself; "Just how much hand-holding of competent adult-employees should I have to do?" This situation is one dictated in great part by personality."

Tags:nursing, management, people

Abstract
This paper accounts for the problems that afflicted the new central American state, Mexico, during its first half-century of existence. This paper argues that the underlying problem was the absence of a shared political-constitutional vision within the country's creole elite. It further explains that what the new state needed to realize its potential was a period of sustained peace accompanied by the implementation of a consistent political-constitutional vision. From the point of view of nation building, it was not important whether the vision of the nation was liberal or conservative.

From the Paper
"Although the constitutional settings to enable the new state to function smoothly had been laid down by the federalist constitution of 1824, during the first few decades after independence the elite grew increasingly divided over matters of political direction. A division manifested itself between liberals and conservatives. However, neither side ever remained in power long enough to impose its particular vision of political order upon Mexican society. Historically, dangerous divisions of this kind have been resolved or suppressed by a stable period of authoritarian, "strong man" rule. A peculiarity of the Mexican situation was that Mexico's greatest strong man in this period, General Santa Anna, did not use his power and popularity to create a consensus in favor of either liberalism or conservatism. Without elite consensus on constitutional fundamentals, however, there was not the least chance of successfully incorporating the Indians into the new order. The "caste war" of Yucatan was the most dramatic outcome of the Mexican elite's inability to establish an elementary consensus about the principles and character of the new republic."

Tags:state, independance, rule, liberalism, conservatism, republic, mexico

Abstract
The paper examines two works that address how human resource management is currently undergoing numerous changes in the wake of economic shifts, demographic and sociological transformation and advances in technology. The paper summarizes and evaluates "Douglas McGregor Revisited: Managing the Human Side of the Enterprise" by Heil, Bennis and Stephens, and "Coping With Difficult People" by Bramson. The paper analyzes how these works could influence a career in human resource management.

Outline:
Abstract
Douglas McGregor Revisted: Managing the Human Side of the Enterprise
Evaluation of McGregor Revisited
Influences on Personal Views
Coping With Difficult People
Evaluation
Influences on Personal Views

From the Paper
"Forty years ago, the late Douglas McGregor, a professor at MIT, suggested that a corporation is more than a simple machine, and workers are more that just "cogwheels" in that machine. In this book, authors Gary Heil, Warren Bennis and Deborah Stevens revisit McGregor's ideas, placing them in the context of today's high-tech, global workplace. In the opening of the work, the authors discuss exactly why McGregor's ideas and philosophies are still relevant. These ideas are analyzed in relationship to workplace issues such as employee performance, cooperation, motivation, commitment and the ability to work together in a team setting, as well as the current shift from an industrial to an information-based economy, job satisfaction and managerial paternalism."

Tags:conflict, interaction, motivation, cooperation, employees

Abstract
This article looks at the belief that religious conflicts are more difficult to resolve non-violently than many other types of conflicts, because people cling dogmatically to their religious beliefs and are seldom willing to compromise them. The writer conveys this opinion by offering a number of historical examples, such as the Crusades and the Reformation. The paper then offers a couple of present examples, such as the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the Muslim-Christian conflict in the Sudan. Through these examples an unwillingness to compromise is demonstrated, showing that resolving religious conflicts non-violently is more difficult than resolving many other types of conflict.

From the Paper
"The writer believes that religious conflicts are more difficult to resolve non-violently than many other types of conflicts, because many people cling dogmatically to their beliefs and are seldom willing to compromise. The most noteworthy of these religious conflicts spanned four-hundred years from the eleventh to the fifteenth century and were known as the Crusades. The Crusades were expeditions undertaken in fulfillment of a solemn vow to deliver the Christian Holy Places from Mohammedan tyranny. This conflict resulted in open and sporadic warfare that ended without a ... "

Tags:Religious, Conflict

Abstract
Hepatitis C infection is extremely difficult to eradicate even though the available treatment is effective. This paper attempts to answer the question of why the hepatitis C infection so difficult to control when there is an effective treatment for it. It discusses prevalence and incidence rates and the natural history of hepatitis C. It also looks at the agent, host and mode of transmission as well as implications for nursing.

Outline
Introduction
Agent
Host
Natural history
Implications for Nursing
Conclusion

From the Paper
"On a global basis, more than 170 million people are chronically infected with the hepatitis C virus, which is responsible for more than 100,000 cases of liver cancer per year. Hepatitis C infection is associated with similarly high numbers of digestive hemorrhage and ascites problems. Chronic liver diseases are responsible for 1.4 million deaths annually, of which 796,000 are caused by cirrhosis and 616,000 by primary liver cancer. At least 280,000 or 20 percent of those deaths are probably attributable to HCV infection (Poynard & Yuen, 2003). The highest prevalence of hepatitis C infection is found among injection drug users (Sulkowski & Thomas, 2005)."

Tags:infection, epidemic, liver, virus