Abstract
This paper attempts to analyze the recent increases of the national defense budget. The author argues this was plotted by US President George Bush and the US Congress in order to increase economic growth for future generations of American citizens. The writer further argues that these increases are the type of funding that feed capitalism in a negative way by promoting war and war industries. The author concludes that the current spending trends do not consider the average citizen.

Outline:
Executive Summary
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Global Military Spending By Country
Background
Importance of the Research
Methodology
U.S. National Defense Spending Facts & Figures
Figure 2 Discretionary Defense Budget
Afghanistan and Iraq Missions and Impact on Defense
-Spending Increases
National Defense Spending Insanity Evidenced in Thoughtless Waste
Analysis of 'Who' is it that Profits from Increased Defense Spending
Counter Argument
Figure 3
Findings of the Study
Discussion
Bibliography

From the Paper
"According to the report entitled: "Recent Trends in World Spending: U.S. Military Spending Compared to World Spending" the United States military spending "...currently makes up 47% of the world military spending. The U.S. budget is also more than 8 times larger than the Chinese budget, the second largest spender." (Recent Trends in World Spending, 2006) In fact the rate of spending by the US military on a global basis rose 11% but if the costs of U.S. operations in Iraq and Afghanistan is subtracted from these figures the global military spending would have totaled a rise of only 4% in the year 2003 instead of the actual 11% rise stated. (Ibid) Additionally stated in the report is the fact that: "Among the four major spenders next to the USA- China, Russia, Japan, and, France. Only China has made any significant increase in its military spending since 1998 (an annual average rate of 10-12 %). Military spending in the other countries also increased but only moderately." (Ibid) The following table labeled Figure 1 shows the "Global Military Spending" by the countries of the United States, China, Russian, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, Germany, Saudi Arabia, India and South Korea during 2002."

Tags:defense, spending, national, budget

Abstract
This paper questions whether the Australian Defense Force (ADF) has "broken the code" to successful integration of joint-interagency support during the conduct of military operations. It looks at the activities of the ADF compared with the "whole of government approach" (WOG) that exists. The paper looks at their integration and the direction the ADF will take in future joint interagency operations.

Table of Contents:
Research Question
Background and Significance
Working Hypothesis
Methodology
Introduction
Whole of Government (WOG) Approach
Defense Budget Spending 2007-2008
Organizational Changes in Australian Armed Forces
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"Furthermore, bilateral counter-terrorism relationships with countries outside of the region have been formed with the most important stating to be that with the United States. Regional organizations and bodies also play an important role in combating terrorism through development of common policy response to the problem, as well as acting as a forum "for the exchange of information and ideas, coordination of regional programs and in the development of "the political will and momentum for action." (Transnational Terrorism, The Threat to Australia, 2004)"

Tags:strategy, military, joint-interagency

From the Paper
" RECENT DEFENSE APPROPRIATIONS CUTS AND MILITARY READINESS
This research paper discusses pro and con arguments about the effects, if any, of recent reductions in appropriations for the armed services on their state of readiness. The thesis is that they may indeed have adverse impact on readiness, but those effects could be eliminated if compensating savings were made in other parts of the American defense budget which, however, do not appear to be feasible for political and other reasons.

Recent Military Funding Levels and Trends
Defense budget outlays of the United States are $266 billion for fiscal year (FY) 1998, and actual outlays (expenditures) are projected by the Office of Management and Budget to increase slightly over the succeeding four FYs (1999-2002): $256 billion in FY 1999, $262.9 billion in FY 2000, $265.9 billion in FY 2001.."

Abstract
This paper takes a look at global defense companies and the adaptations they have been forced to make over the years, in order to survive. According to the paper, defense spending has resulted in increased production of goods and services needed to satisfy the increased demand, a process that contributes to higher income and employment in the economy. The paper discusses how cutbacks influence the general economy.

Outline:
Chapter One: Introduction
Chapter Two: What are the Research and Development (R&D) Options for Companies such as NGC?
Chapter Three: What Options will be Most Beneficial to the Employees and the General Public of the U.S.?
Chapter Four: Can the U.S. Remain a Superpower and Protect Its People from Terrorism while Reducing Its Military?
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In spite of these changes in the nature of the threats being arrayed against the U.S. at home and its interests and allies abroad and despite President Bush's articulation of specific campaign promises to "skip a generation" in weapons procurement, all three of the Pentagon's advanced fighter plane programs continued to receive funding; in fact, in 2002 alone, almost $12 billion was allocated to the Air Force's F-22 Raptor, the Joint Strike Fighter/F-35, and the Navy's F-18E/F fighter plane (Ciarroco, 2002). According to Ciarroco, "The F-22 has been described as a costly cold war relic designed for an enemy that no longer exists. The Super Hornet, as the F-18E/F is known, has not been able to meet key performance goals that were used to justify its development" (2002, p. 2). The JSF (also known as the F-35) was considered one of the more likely programs to be cut or scaled back; within weeks of September 11, 2001, though, Lockheed Martin was awarded a $19 billion development contract, and international partners formally joined (Ciarroco, 2002). "

Tags:NGC, weapons, research, development, defense, budget, battlefields, pentagon, government

Abstract
This paper explains that the Department of Defense (DoD), with more than $1 trillion in assets and a budget that accounts for about half of the federal government's discretionary funding, has a need for accurate accounting processes. The author points out that ABC captures quantified cost and time data and translates it into information for making decisions by measuring process and activity performance, by determining the cost of business process outputs, and by identifying opportunities to improve process efficiency and effectiveness. The paper concludes that the ultimate decision will be based on a blended action that minimizes cost and time, while creating a better outcome.

Table of Contents
Big Need for Accurate Accounting
ABC in the Military
Process Decision Example
Success Stories
NASA
Fleet and Industrial Supply Center (FISC)
Military Resistance to ABC?
Who Might Benefit in the DoD?

From the Paper
"In the 1990s, the RAND Corporation, including its defense-oriented federally funded research and development organizations, offered a better way for the DoD to pay for its purchases, one it thought would improve the interactions; after all, if a unit overspent in one year, then the next year it would be looking for lower prices. That meant that the organization it purchased from would experience a loss, or potentially could, which in turn could affect the service or product quality or delivery. However, the WCF arrangement bore the stamp of approval of the DoD Comptroller's office, which suggested that the WCF approach has saved "billions of dollars by providing managers with greater visibility into the costs of DoD support operations.""

Tags:rand, budget, time, cost, website, purchases

Abstract
The paper discusses how America is a "wired" nation; over the past few decades, computers have come to run the country's financial institutions, America's universities, its tax collection services, its law enforcement apparatus, and its military defense system. The paper points out that because of all this, any compromising of the passwords or firewalls built around those electronic networks can create enormous problems. The paper describes how if sensitive government information - or information on American citizens - falls into the wrong hands, such as the clutches of terrorists, the end result could be a shocking loss of innocent life. In a similar vein, the paper considers how if the defense networks safeguarding the United States of America were to be suddenly rendered inoperable, then rogue states harboring nuclear weapons would be able to direct those weapons at US targets without an appropriate defense response being in the offing. As an additional point, the paper notes that the nuclear warheads in this nation's imposing arsenal are, for all intents and purposes, computer-controlled; if terrorist hackers were to compromise domestic electronic defense systems, it is entirely likely that nuclear payloads could be unleashed on American cities. With all this in mind, the paper discusses how the electronic defense system in the world's most powerful state is protected, how vulnerable it may be, what the consequences of a security breach could be, and what additional steps we should take to protect ourselves. In the end, the paper shows how being the world's hyper-power is a bulwark in many ways against attack, but our elevated position does not leave us invulnerable.

From the Paper
"It may be said that America is a "wired" nation. To wit, over the past few decades, computers have come to run the country's financial institutions (specifically the data collection of those institutions), America's universities, its tax collection services, its law enforcement apparatus, and its military defense system. Because of all this, any compromising of the passwords or firewalls built around those electronic networks can create enormous problems. Suffice it to say, if sensitive government information - or information on American citizens - falls into the wrong hands, such as the clutches of terrorists, the end result could be a..."

Tags:computers, national, defense

Abstract
This paper makes two recommendations for strategies for budget surpluses, two recommendations for strategies for budget deficits, and comments on the influence of Social Security on the national debt. The paper also evaluates the influence of politics on these issues.

From the Paper
"A budget surplus occurs in those years when government receipts exceed government spending. Such surpluses mean that the national debt does not increase for that year. When the government is faced with a surplus, there are many options available to it. Using fiscal policy, the government can use the surplus to pay down the national debt. It can do this by buying back some of the outstanding debt on the market. With the national debt at historically high..."

Tags:budget deficit, budget surplus, Social Security

Abstract
This paper studies the post-war (2003) budget for Iraq. The paper discusses the origins of the policy, the political climate, the state of the economy, and popular public opinion at the time that enabled the policy to be introduced and enacted. The paper also explains how this policy influenced the budget and if the influences are positive or negative.

Tags:Post War budget Iraq, origins, policy, political climate, state of the economy, popular public opinion, budget, reforms or revisions

Abstract
This is a 5-page paper discussing the various elements of budget execution. It states that budget accounting system is an important base for the execution of the government budget agency.

Tags:budget, execution

Abstract
This paper states that China has recovered its larger economic, political and military stature in East Asia and is becoming a major power in the world. This ominous development is of supreme concern and interest to the United States. The author discusses China's complex relationship with Taiwan and its apprehension about Japan's agreement with the United States on a theater missile defense (TMD) system and on launching spy satellites. The paper explains the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and the concern of China about the nuclearization of India, Pakistan and North Korea.

From the Paper
"Although almost all states in the world signed the NPT, the world remained insecure and at the brink of nuclear proliferation and disaster. Observers and critics believe that preventing this would require States with nuclear capabilities to reconsider their stand on a higher moral standpoint and discard their nuclear modernization programs. Israel, India, Pakistan and North Korea, for example, needed to terminate their respective programs and agendas, using nuclear weapons."

Tags:missiles, military build-up, dictatorial defense budget