Abstract
With end-stage renal disease, the question of dialysis treatment must be viewed in the context of end-of-life issues. The largest proportion of hemodialysis patients consists of older adults (Moulton, 2007). When patients are in palliative care, dialysis whether it be hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is often of little or no benefit, is a serious burden on the patient, and is performed at high financial cost. Most of all, many patients in palliative care decide to forgo dialysis because they regard the procedure as a life-sustaining treatment (Rabetoy & Bair, 2007). Issues of patient autonomy and choice and particularly clients who know their own need best are involved in decisions about dialysis.

From the Paper
Implementation of BPG for Dialysis/Palliative Care Introduction With end-stage renal disease, the question of dialysis treatment must be viewed in the context of end-of-life issues. The largest proportion of hemodialysis patients consists of older adults (Moulton, 2007). When patients are in palliative care, dialysis whether it be hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is often of little or no benefit, is a serious burden on the patient, and is performed at high financial cost. Most of all, many patients in palliative care decide to forgo dialysis because they regard the procedure as a life-sustaining treatment (Rabetoy & Bair, 2007).

Tags:bpg, dialysis, palliative

Abstract
"The philosophy of the renal dialysis department where I have been working is to implement a multidisciplinary approach to care. The multidisciplinary approach to care includes assisting people to achieve an optimal level of independence and health as a result of the units delivery of specialized knowledge, skills and care ("Adult Renal Dialysis Unit", 2008). I am in a 25-station unit that serves approximately 100 patients. Many patients receive treatment 3 times a week all year long. Most of the patients are local, but occasionally we have visitors traveling who need our services. The age of patients varies significantly, but the mean age is 60 ("Learn About Renal Dialysis Centers", 2000). "

From the Paper
"The philosophy of the renal dialysis department where I have been working is to implement a multidisciplinary approach to care. The multidisciplinary approach to care includes assisting people to achieve an optimal level of independence and health as a result of the units delivery of specialized knowledge, skills and care ("Adult Renal Dialysis Unit", 2008). I am in a 25-station unit that serves approximately 100 patients. Many patients receive treatment 3 times a week all year long. Most of the patients are local, but occasionally we have visitors traveling who need..."

Tags:renal, dialysis, assessment

Abstract
This paper is an informative speech explaining how a dialysis machine works to filter the blood of a patient suffering from kidney failure. The paper explains the various processes of the dialysis machine.

From the Paper
"As exquisitely made as the human kidney is, there is a machine that can take its place. This technical marvel-the dialysis machine-can filter harmful waste products and excess water from a person's blood just as a kidney would. Understanding how a dialysis machine works is a key to understanding the value of the kidneys. As one who has researched the process of a dialysis machine and who understands it, I can explain it in a simplified manner that anyone can comprehend..."

Tags:dialysis, dialysis machine, kidney, kidney failure, dialysate, filter, blood

Abstract
This paper discusses the business potential of Angel Medical and their portable dialysis device. It describes a background to the product and the advantages of using this product as opposed to similar products. The paper then examines marketing aspects for the device and potential business and technical risks that may exist. Finally, the paper presents the writer's personal opinion of the business proposition.

Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
The U.S. Dialysis Market
Background: Patient Switching Between Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis
Description of the Portable Dialysis Device Product Line
Advantages of the Portable Dialysis Device, vs. Hemodialysis
Manufacturing Costs, Product Pricing, and Medicare Reimbursement
Marketing
Competitive Outlook
Potential Business Risks
Potential Technical Risks
Potential Risks During Use
Product Development for an Animal Study
Company Milestones
Patents
Author's Opinion of this Business Proposal

From the Paper
"Baxter Healthcare (headquartered in Deerfield, IL) currently has 90% of the U.S. peritoneal dialysis market. They derive most of their peritoneal dialysis revenue from selling bags of dialysate and from leasing APD cyclers, so any significant market penetration by Angel Medical would most likely be seen as a threat. While Baxter has a large U.S. and international sales presence, they are notoriously weak in R&D. Nearly all of their products and technologies were purchased, rather than developed internally. Baxter attempted to create a Portable Dialysis Device in 2000, but gave up after insufficient progress was made in the allotted time. Baxter is also the most likely suitor for Angel Medical, after the device has achieved some market penetration."

Tags:product, cost, kidney, pricing

Abstract
The paper outlines the history of dialysis and provides a case study of a male patient with acute kidney failure. The paper explains the pathophysiology of acute and chronic kidney failure and provides a patient assessment. Finally, the paper describes the treatments necessary for this patient, the nursing diagnoses and the outcomes of renal failure patients undergoing dialysis.

Outline:
Historical Background on Dialysis
Case Study
Pathophysiology
Assessment
Treatment
Nursing Diagnoses

From the Paper
"Both chronic and acute kidney failure can lead to death if left untreated. In fact, untreated kidney failure could lead to death in only a matter of days. The course of treatment for kidney failure, both chronic and acute, includes dialysis. Dialysis cleans the blood and regulates the fluids in the body. It helps keep electrolytes in balance which are important for the function of every other organ in the body. Nursing assessment is extremely important with a dialysis patient. Respiratory status can be poor prior to treatment because of fluid build-up in the body. Pre-dialysis vital signs are important to form a baseline so that vitals taken during the treatment can be compared to baseline data as there are many changes that a dialysis patient undergoes while the body's blood is being cleaned. Dialysis treatment will keep a person with chronic kidney failure alive. In acute renal failure episodes, it can save a life."

Tags:nursing, electrolytes, blood, waste, toxins, homeostasis, catheter, infection, drugs

Abstract
This paper highlights what a renal care/dialysis clinic needs to do in order to overcome its present troubles. According to the paper, these problems include poor employee morale, high turnover, a general nursing shortage, internal conflicts, and additional things like time scheduling complications and burdensome costs. The paper further points out that while not all of these problems can be solved internally, the RCG Bloomfield Dialysis Center can go a long way towards helping its own cause by producing a more collaborative and democratic decision-making environment.

From the Paper
"This paper is an effort to highlight what a renal care/dialysis clinic needs to do in order to overcome its present troubles: poor employee morale, high turnover, a general nursing shortage, internal conflicts, and additional things like time scheduling complications and burdensome costs. While not all of these problems can be solved internally - a nursing shortage is something that is best addressed at the state or even federal level - the RCG Bloomfield Dialysis Center can go a long way towards..."

Tags:organizational, behaviour, intervention

From the Paper
"DIALYSIS
Introduction
For the past 30 years, hemodialysis (HD) has been administered to patients with end-stage renal failure (1). Hemodialysis has evolved into a safe treatment and has been successful in preventing death in these patients (10). Peritoneal dialysis became popular as a treatment modality for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after the development of ambulatory forms of the technique. Plastic bags of dialysis solution were introduced to the United States in 1979; this made application of the technique to the general dialysis population more feasible. By the end of 1992, approximately 70,000 people worldwide received continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis or continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (chronic peritoneal.."

Abstract
Fresenius Medical Care is a German company based in Frankfurt that specializes in kidney services. The company runs some 2200 dialysis clinics worldwide, with over 70% of those being in North America. They also manufacture dialysis and other kidney treatment equipment, and market this to some of their competitors. The paper is a marketing plan that examines the company in detail and attempts to suggest avenues for expansion whilst discussing potential advantages and disadvantages faced by the company.

Outline:
Introduction
SWOT
Conclusion

From the Paper
"There are several opportunities for Fresenius. The first is to continue to expand their markets. The company is relatively new, and their operations are highly concentrated in the United States (almost 70% of clinics, for example). This leaves a large segment of the global market yet to be developed. Increased privatization in Canada, for example, will provide greater opportunities in that market. Emerging markets such as Thailand and India are becoming medical destinations for Western travelers, but also have rapidly increasing middle classes, as does China.
"Another opportunity is the development of new technologies. The industry is subject to rapid technological changes, and this allows for any firm to win market share through technological superiority. Fresenius has a history of technological leadership and with their size has the ability to finance new technology development to a degree that few of their competitors can match."

Tags:dialysis, kidney, health, german, technological, medical, financial, renal, cash, stability, competitors, revenue

Abstract
This paper is a literature review to investigate how the leadership of the manager nurse affects the clinical outcomes of dialysis patients especially as relating to medications given during dialysis and in monitoring lab values. The paper points out that the research indicates that staffing and resource adequacy is a problem in the dialysis units throughout the United States. The paper concludes that the leadership role of the nephrology nursing manager is vital in preventing the turnover of nurses in these units especially because the nurse's mental, physical and emotional state and effectiveness quite clearly impact the outcomes of their dialysis patients.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Environmental Analysis of the Dialysis Unit
Organizational Characteristics That Promote Nursing Practice
Additional Findings
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"For the nephrology nurse who has the capacity to deal with the "bigger picture" this means overseeing sometimes multiple dialysis centers many hundreds of patients. Steib (2008) For others it may mean overseeing only one dialysis unit. Steib (2008) relates that patients who are involved in dialysis sometimes must go in three and four hours at a time and multiple days per week making treatment feel like a job to them."

Tags:career, total patient care, statistics, organizational characteristics, burnout

Abstract
This paper examines the importance of nutrition in end stage renal failure disease versus non-diseased people. It begins by discussing the causes of end-stage renal disease and its recommended treatment. The paper then discusses nutrition in the pre-dialysis and dialysis patient. The paper specifically looks at the restrictions that must be placed on the diet of a patient undergoing dialysis.

Outline:
Causes
Treatment
Nutrition in the Pre-dialysis and Dialysis Patients

From the Paper
"The definitive treatment of ESRD is the initiation of dialysis (peritoneal or hemodialysis) or renal transplantation with control or eradication of the cause of the kidney disease. However, nutritional support in the patient with end-stage renal disease must take into account the fragile electrolyte balance maintained by the remaining functional nephrons. Nutritional support in these patients most importantly takes into account the stage at which the patient is in. Protein restriction (0.6 g/kg/day) combined with a balanced, calorie-sufficient diet (35 kcal/kg/day) and phosphorus supplementation of up to 10 g/kg/day is the diet of choice for stage 3, 4 and 5CRD patients (Skorecki, Green & Brenner, 2005). Protein restriction is the most important component, which avoids the problem of urea nitrogen accumulation from the catabolism of the n-terminals of excess protein. Other organ system disorders are treated separately."

Tags:nutrition, calories, minerals, protein, prevalence, consume, kidney