Abstract
In this paper, the writer notes that the article 'Living with Diabetes: Holistic Experiences of Nigerians and African Americans" portrays diabetes as a cultural issue as well as a holistic issue. The writer maintains that confronting and coping with diabetes is a cultural matter. and not just a health issue. The writer presents a personal perspective and notes that the writer's own culture perceives diabetes in much the same way as Popoola's article presents it. The writer maintains that the most important point about diabetes is that it is a holistic experience that changes every aspect of the person's life. The writer concludes that because of the way it is dealt with, diabetes is first a very negative experience but is then changed into a positive force through spirituality.

From the Paper
"My personal perception of the cultural issue of diabetes is that such a disease is seen as occurring for several reasons. It may be God's will for the person, or sometimes it is viewed as a matter of bad luck. Medical approaches may be ignored and almost always are delayed because of fear of Western medicine. In any case, home remedies will be first attempted. Folk practitioners are common and their advice is very often sought. When medical care finally is sought, the home remedies will usually not be mentioned because people are afraid they will be criticized."

Tags:disease, remedies, spiritual, alternative, medicine

Abstract
This paper gives an in-depth examination of the cultural issues associated with diabetes, comparing Nigerian and African-American outlooks. The paper reviews an article by Popoola entitled "Living with diabetes: Holistic experiences of Nigerians and African Americans." According to the paper, the problem of diabetes is not just a health issue, but also a cultural issue. The paper concludes with the author giving a personal comment about cultural outlooks on this disease.

From the Paper
"The problem of diabetes is not just a health issue; it also is a cultural issue. My culture perceives diabetes in much the same way as Popoola's article presents it. The most important point about diabetes is that it is a holistic experience that changes every aspect of the person's life. My personal perception of the cultural issue of diabetes is that such a disease is seen as occurring for several reasons. It may be God's will for the person, or sometimes it is viewed as a matter of bad luck. Medical approaches may be ignored and almost always are delayed because of fear of..."

Tags:diabetes, culture, coping

Abstract
This study proposes to examine the effectiveness and applicability of the UCSF symptom management model to the management of type 2 diabetes in African American women aged 50 an older. The paper provides a literature review that addresses patient compliance and diabetes care and the role of a culturally appropriate diabetes management program for African American women. The paper outlines the methodology to be used and asserts that the study will provide important clues as to how cultural factors affect the ability of the UCSG symptom-focused group model to improve the health of African American women with type 2 diabetes.

Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Diabetes is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide (International Diabetes Foundation, 2007). Diabetes is a condition that can cause serious side effects, in addition to the potential for death, if not managed properly. For a majority of patients management is not difficult. It requires monitoring of blood sugar levels on a daily basis and adherence to a diet and exercise regime. Yet, many do not manage their diabetes properly and experience serious complications as a result.
"Certain populations are at greater risk for diabetes and are at a greater risk of complications due to improper management. These tendencies towards lack of management can be culturally based, making certain populations prone to diabetes and the risk of complications due to lack of management. African American women over the age of 50 represent one of these high-risk groups and must take special care to manage their diabetes."

Tags:patient, compliance, culture, self-care

Abstract
This paper describes how education programs for Hispanic children about diabetes need to be different from traditional programs to take into account Hispanic culture.

From the Paper
"Hispanic culture affects efforts to teach Hispanic children about diabetes. Lorena Drago, certified diabetes instructor and nutritionist at New York's Lincoln Hospital, serves as a national volunteer of ADA's Por Tu Familia Latino Initiative and notes that; "Many of the behaviors needed to prevent type 2 diabetes and diabetes-related complications-behaviors such as meal planning and physical activity-are shaped by an individual's culture and values." (American Diabetes Association) Thus, it is vital to develop diabetes education initiatives for Hispanic children that are consistent with their culture values..."

Tags:Hispanic children, diabetes, teaching program, education, culture

Abstract
This paper describes the necessity of a holistic approach to diabetes management which emphasizes patient empowerment through self-care and targeted patient education. The paper further considers a patient's family circumstances, cultural background, personal and family health beliefs as well as family coherence in order to be truly effective.The paper also discusses assessments and how they can be improved.

From the Paper
"Quality of life in patients with chronic illnesses such as diabetes is a large concern for nurses. Unlike acute disease processes, chronic disease in patients, while therapeutic relations between nurse and patient can strengthen over time, they must also be evaluated to determine the effectivity of treatment. Interventions to improve the quality of life of these patients have significant value. DeSouza and Nairy (2003) reported a significant improvement in quality of life parameters with nurse-directed intervention. Some of these interventions involve patient empowerment..."

Tags:nursing, diabetes, mellitus

Abstract
This paper discusses why diabetes is an important health concern nationally, emphasizing how teachers and others can help those diagnosed with the condition. First, the author gives a personal account of how his sister was diagnosed with diabetes. The paper continues by giving basic information about the causes and different types of diabetes. Then, ways to reduce risk of developing the condition are presented in a list format. The paper then takes a look at cultures and ethnic groups at higher risk of diabetes, based on diet and obesity. A section is devoted to how the disease can affect students in the classroom, and how teachers should be aware of diabetes related emergencies. The paper concludes by advocating a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk of developing this disease.

Introduction
Diabetes
Reducing Risk
Cultural Similarities and Differences
Diabetes in the Classroom
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Diabetes is a disease in which the body fails to produce or cannot make proper use of the natural hormone insulin. Insulin, which is made in the pancreas, helps the body's cell absorb sugar from the bloodstream. Diabetes is diagnosed when glucose builds up in your blood. This can harm your organs and raise your risk of heart disease. There are three types of diabetes: Type I, Type II, and gestational diabetes. Type I is where the body is unable to make insulin. Although adults develop this type, it often affects children. Type II is diagnosed when the body still makes insulin, but your body uses it improperly. Gestational diabetes occurs during the pregnancy of some women. (www.diabetes.com). "

Tags:insulin, medical emergencies, pediatric medicine, classroom emergencies

Abstract
This paper examines the conjunction of the economic, social, and cultural status of African-Americans in Louisiana and their rates of Type 2 diabetes. African-Americans in Louisiana, as is true across the South and, indeed, across the nation, suffer from diabetes at seemingly disproportionately high rates. However, once economic, social, and cultural factors are taken into account, those rates no longer seem disproportionate. They are tragic, but comprehensible.

From the Paper
"It must be noted that despite the terrible conditions under which many African-Americans continue to live that they are in general much better off than were their grandparents. We all know that beginning in the early 1960s the Civil Rights brought to the nation's conscience the terrible conditions under which the majority of black Americans were living and helped begin the steady, if painfully slow, progress toward fuller civil rights and full inclusion in the promise of American citizenship. In large measure as a response to the Civil Rights movement, a number of federal, state, and local government programs were developed and implemented to help combat poverty and the effects of racism on African-Americans (Polednak, 1997, p. 38). While these programs were not directed primarily at diabetes reduction, of course, or even specifically toward improving the health of African-Americans, they tended to do so overall. One of the most important risk factors for early death and for a range of illness from diabetes to cancer to AIDS is poverty. By alleviating poverty, a society also alleviates unnecessary suffering from diseases."

Tags:civil, rights, poverty, discrimination, poverty-correlated, diseases, blacks, whites, gap

Abstract
The paper reveals that one-third of Hispanics in the United States do not have a health care provider. The paper explains that language barriers and cost are the two main reasons for this lock in health care, and, Hispanics also report that they don't feel the need for a regular health care provider is because they rarely get sick (Stoil, 1989). The paper asserts that this is not to say that they don't have health issues like diabetes and obesity; hypertension, high-blood sugar and high cholesterol levels are becoming an increasing problem for Hispanics as they become more integrated into the American culture. The paper relates that Hispanics are the fastest growing population not only in Trenton, NJ, but throughout the country, and seventy-three percent of Hispanic adults have a regular place where they seek medical attention (Stewart, 2008; Symons, 2000).

From the Paper
"One-third of Hispanics in the United States do not have a health care provider. Language barriers and cost are the two main reasons for this lock in health care. Hispanics also report that they don't feel the need for a regular health care provider because they rarely get sick (Stoil, 1989). This is not to say that they don't have health issues like diabetes and obesity. Hypertension, high-blood sugar and high cholesterol levels are becoming an increasing problem for Hispanics as they become more integrated into the American culture. Hispanics are the fastest growing..."

Tags:hispanic, women, obesity

Abstract
The goal of Leininger's theory of culture care diversity and universality is to ensure culturally congruent care that will prove beneficial for and will correspond to client, family, and culture group healthy pathways (McFarland, 2006). Leininger's theory is very relevant to the case of Maria to be discussed since the client is Hispanic. Type 2 diabetes is much more prevalent among certain racial groups, one of which is Hispanic, and especially tends to occur in people who are obese and do not exercise properly (Day, et al., 2006). Hispanics tend to suffer more from diabetes than any other group (Bergland & Heuer, 2007). I will discuss two of Leininger's concepts: (1) world view; and (2) cultural and social structure dimensions. My discussion will be in terms of how my thinking has been transformed throughout the course. I will also analyze the development of my understanding of the four metaparadigm concepts through application of Leininger's two concepts and will demonstrate how Leininger's two concepts guide nurses in providing client centered care. Leininger's theory is designed for holistic and comprehensive culture care and nurses must begin with the worldview of the client while considering the entire cultural context.

From the Paper
Analysis of Personal Philosophy of Nursing Introduction The goal of Leininger's theory of culture care diversity and universality is to ensure culturally congruent care that will prove beneficial for and will correspond to client, family, and culture group healthy pathways (McFarland, 2006). Leininger's theory is very relevant to the case of Maria to be discussed since the client is Hispanic. Type 2 diabetes is much more prevalent among certain racial groups, one of which is Hispanic, and especially tends to occur in people who are obese and do not exercise properly (Day, et al., 2006). Hispanics tend to suffer more from diabetes

Tags:leininger, diabetes, worldview

Abstract
This paper presents an eclectic approach in medical social work with regards to an assessment of a psychoeducation group sessions among
Latino diabetics. The paper describes the components of psychoeducational change and the rationale behind it. It then discusses this approach in a group setting and the role of the leader in ensuring the success of the group. Finally, the paper presents a case study of a particular group of type two Latino diabetics.

Table of Contents:
Eclectic Group Approach
Components of Psychoeducational Change
Concepts and Rationale within Psychoeducational Theory
Evidence-based Use of Psychoeducation
Cultivating the Group Setting
The Responsibilities of the Leader
Special Features of the Group
Background On Client Population
Statement of Problem
Cultural and Behavioral Concerns
Potential Generational Risks for Type 2 Diabetes among Latinos

From the Paper
"In a review of the literature on psychosocial relationships to obesity, Bocchieri et al. (2002) sought to assess the impact that obesity surgery had upon the patient and sought to define the extent to which the surgery affected personal outlook, self-held social perceptions, and other "obesity-related psychological and social issues" (p. 156). Similarly, Fairburn and Brownell (2000) suggest that patterns of behavior that are common within groups tend to be self-affirming, where the participants are more likely to continue to engage in these behaviors when they witness other members of the group engage in these or similar types of behaviors. Persons who attempt to make change on an individual level may possess the necessary information and motivation, but there is a strong component of emotional support associated with serious lifestyle change. This suggests that a person who "goes it alone" may not be able to achieve personal goals if they are not part of a community that recognizes the need for change and lends aid accordingly (Fairburn & Brownell, 2000; 71). Motivation that comes from friends and family members helps to increase the potential for positive change to be realized; when a community shares a similar need for change, integrating group support into this community can help create a network of emotional support that will supplement the fact-based rationale used to justify the need for change."

Tags:psychosocial, prediabetes, glucose, tolerance