Abstract
This paper summarizes a DHHS study on the impact of lead-contaminated soil on public health. It also looks at different methods of assessing lead contamination in soil which could have been used in this project, and their sensitivity and specificity.

From the Paper
"A study reported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) summarized the complex interactive forces considered by health scientists and environmentalists when evaluating the impact of lead-contaminated soils on public health. It looked at the relationship between exposure to lead contaminated soil and its impact on public health. The study showed that soil and dust contaminated with lead are major pathways by which children come in contact with lead from..."

Tags:lead contamination, soil testing, DHHS

Abstract
The paper discusses the management and leadership functions within the Office of Audit Services (OAS) that is within each regional Health and Human Services (HHS) Office of Inspector General (OIG) office. The paper then examines the four functions of management in creating and maintaining a healthy organizational culture.

Outline:
Introduction
Differentiating Management and Leadership
The Four Functions of Management in Creating and Maintaining a Healthy Organizational Culture

From the Paper
"Under the Inspector General's Act of 1978, the Executive Branch of the United States government maintains offices of inspectors general within U.S. government agencies, to oversee compliance with federal laws, rules and regulations (Nowalinski 2001). The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) is the largest of all federal agencies, accounting for approximately one quarter of the total annual budget for federal agency administration (HHSOIG 2008).
"The DHHS Office of Inspector General (OIG) maintains a headquarters in Washington, DC, under the direction of the Inspector General and eight regional offices throughout the U.S. which oversee, investigate, and enforce compliance with all federal requirements in connection with DHHS programs in all 50 states and the Puerto Rican Commonwealth. The primary investigative focus of HHS-OIG is compliance, inspection, and financial monitoring of HHS-administered entities and of HHS fund recipients achieved through audits conducted by federal auditors employed by the OIG."

Tags:audits, auditors, reports, teams

Abstract
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 is a significant piece of legislation that is regulated by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). This paper examines how HIPAA is expected to have a positive impact on the macroeconomic system of the healthcare industry and how the explosion of the healthcare industry in the twentieth century has lead to use of information technology which brings with it concerns about data security. The paper looks at how HIPPA should help secure healthcare data and how it will also help secure healthcare insurance access for disadvantaged subpopulations.

Outline:
Macroeconomic System
Healthcare System
Population Subgroups
Conclusion

From the Paper
"HIPAA contains provisions relating to the portability of health insurance after termination of employment, authorizes a demonstration project of medical savings accounts (MSA) to be monitored by the Internal Revenue Service and strengthens the enforcement provisions of the federal fraud and abuse laws. The healthcare system is dramatically affected by this act in that any information that is related to a patient is considered confidential and will be protected as such. Each organization in healthcare has the responsibility to inform patients of this protective act and how it relates to the patients medical information that the healthcare organization or physician has gained by having the consumer as a patient. Each organization is then held liable for the information in which they collect. If the organization does not inform the patients, and subsequently, the patient's information is disclosed to the public, whether by accident or intention, the organization will be fined by the Office of Civil Rights."

Tags:insurance, patient

Abstract
The paper explains that in the wake of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, local law enforcement agencies have been challenged by a new and expanded role regarding ensuring hometown security. This analysis discusses this new role and how local law enforcement agencies can best ensure security through the delivery of policing services associated with community policing.

From the Paper
"The terrorist attacks on the United States in September 11 2001 forever changed Americans and views on homeland security resulting in the creation of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The terrorist attacks forced major changes in many aspects of American society, especially with respect to law enforcement at all levels of policing. As Collie asserts, "On September 11, local law enforcement agencies throughout the United States were thrust into the war on terrorism." Business-as-usual among local law enforcement agencies and reactive..."

Tags:Department of Homeland Security, War on Terrorism, first responders, jurisdiction, budgets, collaboration, partnerships, biochemical weapons, CDC, DHHS, crime, COPS

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the significance of developing guidelines for the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers. The paper also discusses global trends in the literature pertaining to prevention and treatment of ulcers. The paper concludes by comparing and contrasting one treatment facility's protocols.

Tags:health care, patients, elderly, education, AHCPR, DHHS, clinicians, nurses

Abstract
This paper examines the problem of physical abuse in school-age children. The paper begins with a brief historical description of the problem, noting that it was not really until the later part of this century that the problem was fully recognized. This review of the historical background of the problem is followed by an examination of the scope of the problem, the psycho-emotional and physical effects of the problem, an epidemiological discussion and a delineation of several factors that place children at risk for physical abuse. The problem is shown to be both substantial and complex in nature. The second section of the paper proposes three health promotion strategies for remediating the problem of physical abuse in childhood. These strategies are: (1) a primary prevention screening strategy to be used to identify families at risk for abuse; (2) a secondary prevention strategy aimed at improving parents' knowledge of childhood development as well as their anger management and disciplinary skills; and (3) a tertiary prevention family counseling strategy. An evaluative method for determining the effectiveness of each strategy is also developed and described. Further, research is cited to support each developed strategy as an effective avenue for intervention with respect to the physical abuse of children.
The paper ends with a short summary of the nature of the problem. It also provides a summary of the three developed health promotion strategies.

From the Paper
"Based on the research on assessment indicators of physical abuse (e.g., Logan and Dawkins, 1986; Klingbeil, 1986), the strategy developed here is two-fold. First, nurses would screen for the following indicators of physical abuse in children: (1) Unexplained injuries (e.g., burns, bite marks, subdural hematomas, old or recent fractures, etc.); (2) dehydration or malnourishment without obvious cause; (3) Ingestion of inappropriate food or drugs; (4) evidence of general poor hygiene; (5) the presence of strong fear of the nurse or others; (6) reports by the child of physical abuse; (7) old injuries not mentioned in the child's history; and (8) a tendency of the child to take care of the parent or speak for the parent."

Tags:DHHS, PTSD, depression, Family, Therapy

Abstract
This paper provides a thorough look at the dangerous threat of modern terrorism, known as bio-terrorism. In particular, it looks at how the United States is vulnerable to this form of attack and examines how the country's authorities are dealing with the threat- both on a national and international scale.

Paper Outline:
The Commencement of the Attack
The Screening Process
What Agencies Should be Involved
Health Check
Epidemiological Analysis
Criminal Investigation
Mass Prophylaxis
Residual Hazard Evaluation and Alleviation
Control of Affected Area and Population
Modular Emergency Medical System (MEMS)
Managing the Dead
Emergency Management Procedures
Logistic and Supply Support
Stability of Critical Infrastructure
Responsibility for an Event of this Nature
How can we Better the Process for the Future?
Conclusion
Bibliography

From the Paper
"It is heartening to note that since the September 11 attacks, several local communities have been collaborating with "Department of Health and Human Services" (DHHS) in order to ensure that effective measures can be taken to tackle a bio-terrorist attack, should it take place on American soil. The benefits of this collaboration can be timely distribution of information and medicine, which can tremendously assist in decreasing the number of people infected."

Tags:USPHS, quarantine, DHHS, thermal, screening, ebola