Abstract
This paper deals with the psychological development of humans between infancy and death, identifies the various stages of development from infant, toddler, preschooler, and school-age, through young, middle, and late adolescent, and finally, young adult, middle adult, and mature adult. The author discusses the specifics of each stage.

Abstract
This paper examines the development of the lower limb from the third week of gestation until birth, that is, from ventrolateral swelling until the development of foot plates and the rotation of the lower limb. It then discusses the rare congenital defect known as sirenomelia, or mermaid syndrome. It describes the most common anomalies of sirenomelia and discusses what is understood about the etiology of this malformation.

Table of Contents:
Lower Limb Development
Sirenomelia

From the Paper
"Some scientists believe sirenomelia to be linked to Caudal Regression Syndrome. This condition is a consequence of abnormal development of derivatives of the caudal mesodermal axis before 28 days gestation of the embryo (Kallen, 1973). Sirenomelia has also been associated with maternal diabetes. Scientists believe that the altered oxidative metabolism from diabetes may lead to increased production of free oxygen radicals in the developing fetus, which could be teratogenic (Kadian, 2008). Keeping that in mind, as the average body mass index of humans increases so does the incidence of maternal diabetes. This increased incidence of diabetes might lead to an increase in the number of babies born with birth defects like sirenomelia in the future."

Tags:fusion malformation diabetes, mermaid syndrome

Abstract
This paper discusses the unfunded and underfunded infrastructure of Canadian municipalities and the risk this poses. It examines how the infrastructure of Canadian municipalities fell into a state of such disrepair and why funding became an issue in the first place. The paper then discusses what is being done in Canada to address this critical problem. The paper contains graphs and figures.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Statement of Problem
Purpose of Study
Significance of Study
Research Questions
Methodology
Theoretical Framework and Rationale
Literature Review
Findings of the Study
Conclusion

From the Paper
"This study concludes that Canada has failed to fund its municipalities in a manner in which they were enabled to correctly fund and support infrastructure development and maintenance and that this problem is well-acknowledged in Canada. Reassessment has been ongoing in Canada and plans are now well underway for addressing this problem. Canada appears to have come to the realization that other means and methods of public infrastructure funding such as those noted to be successful in the United States, will be required if Canada is to repair existing infrastructure and properly maintain that infrastructure in the years to come. If the local governments are to gain and sustain autonomy then these municipal governments must necessarily consider the options for funding municipal infrastructure development and maintenance and the funding necessary to effectively and efficiently provide for costs associated with infrastructure development and maintenance."

Tags:maintenance, devlopment, public

Abstract
This paper discusses the opportunities for research and development(R&D) for biotech companies in India. The paper looks at how India is emerging as a significant player in the contract research organizations (CROs) field. Specifically, this paper looks into the current industry trends, the R&D and intellectual property environment, different partner models, and the benefits and risks associated with conducting R&D in India. The paper contains appendices and references in the form of end notes.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Executive summary with recommendations
The biotech industry in the world, United States, and India
Research and development
Intellectual Property
Partnerships
Benefits of conducting R&D in India
Risks of conducting R&D in India
Opportunities and risks of entry into the Indian Market
Conclusion
Appendix

From the Paper
"The market for chronic disease treatments is underdeveloped and there is a massive potential for prescription drugs. The Indian prescription drugs market was $7.9 billion in 2007, and forecast to reach $11.4 billion by 2012. Even only relatively few people have health insurance in India, a rapidly growing middle class in metropolitan areas is increasingly able to pay out-of-pocket expensive biotechnology drugs for live threatening or chronic diseases such as cancer or diabetes. The WHO estimates that by 2010, 60% of cardiac patients are Indian, and the number of diabetes patients in India is estimated to increase from 43 million at present to 47 million by 2010 . The Indian biotech industry has well-developed manufacturing capabilities that meet global standards."

Tags:pharmaceutical, CRO, R&D, drugs, devlopment, research

Abstract
This paper analyzes various theoretical foundations associated with system-wide organizational development, organizational culture and leadership and organizational change. It focuses on the underlying methods of achieving performance excellence in a university entity. The paper then integrates the disparities among theories to form a comprehensive view of achieving performance excellence in a higher education organization. The paper contains information in tables.

Table of Contents:
Review and Discussion
Organizational Culture and Leadership
Organizational Change
System-Wide Organizational Development Theories

From the Paper
"These trends in organizational development have become even more complex and convoluted in recent years as innovations in telecommunications have fundamentally transformed the traditional workplace into one that is increasingly characterized by so-called virtual teams and groups where co-workers and supervisors may not meet face to face on a regular basis. Early on, Davidow and Malone (1992) indicated that the increasing use of self-managing teams in the American workplace represents the beginnings of the less structured settings that will emerge in virtual corporations. It would therefore be unwise and perhaps even dangerous to attempt to apply the tenets of any of these organizational development theories today without understanding the basis for the theoretical perspective or worse yet, applying such tenets without regard for the other relevant factors that must be taken into account whenever an entire system is considered, particularly in view of the profound transformations that have taken place in companies by virtue of telecommuting, email communication and virtual teams and groups."

Tags:performance, devlopment, leadership

Abstract
This paper centers on the character of Frankie Adams' incomplete development and the symbolic use of music in Carson McCullers' classic novel "The Member of the Wedding." One of the most important examples of how the author uses music to signify Frankie's development is illustrated through the jazz horn in part one of the book while in part two the music of the piano foreshadows her progression towards maturity. This paper also examines how music signifies Frankie's instability within herself and the world around her.

From the Paper
"In part two of the novella, the music of the piano also foreshadows Frankie's progression towards maturity. As the neighbor's piano is being tuned, it carries out the sound of interrupted music. With every repeated stop and start, it shows the music is out of Frankie's control. Because the music is disoriented, it represents the unpredictable ways of Frankie not finishing her transition to young adulthood. The musical references symbolize the confusion and chaos Frankie associates with her transition in the world."

Tags:literature, music, symbolism, adolescence, maturity, devlopment

Abstract
This paper focuses on the new evolved state of human beings where we are actually questioning our origins and how we came to be. The paper focuses on the different stages in the evolution of man, providing examples of fossil discoveries to show how humans have changed over time.

From the Paper
"With our knowledge of geological processes we are now able to determine the biological and cultural development of the species "Homo sapiens," or human beings. A large number of human fossil bones and teeth have been found at various places throughout the world along with tools of stone, bone, and wood. As a result of these discoveries, a picture of human evolution during the past 4 to 5 million years has emerged."

Tags:africa, archaeology, creation, darwin, darwinian, development, devloping, evolution, evolve, evolving, fossil, fossils, homo, man, migration, primate, sapien, sapiens, science