Abstract
This paper examines international legal developments since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States. The paper reveals that the most significant developments have been bitter disagreement within the United Nations Security Council over the legality of the American invasion of Iraq and disputes over the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court. In both cases, American interpretations of international law and how to enforce it have not coincided with the interpretations of most of the international community.

Tags:un, and, icc

Abstract
This paper presents the events and personalities that led to the current recognition of nursing within the research community. The paper begins with a look at the founder of modern nursing, Florence Nightingale, and then continues with a discussion of the developments in the field of nursing research up until the year 2000.

From the Paper
"Nursing research has taken a long and accelerated role in the field of medicine over the past two centuries. Beginning with Florence Nightingale's creation of the first nursing school, progressing to the recognition of nursing as a unique scientific discipline with the genesis of the Nursing Research Journal, and the implementation of nursing research in the actual practice of medicine at the community, institutional, and individual levels, the scholarly research into nursing has had a significant impact upon the overall quality of healthcare throughout the world."

Tags:Florence, Nightingale, nursing, journal, healthy, people

Abstract
In this article, the writer considers recent developments in derivatives with a particular emphasis on how the derivatives market might be regulated differently.

From the Paper
"Derivatives are contracts between two parties that are typically used to provide protection against risk in the market. These financial instruments have been used for many years but they have also proved problematic. The ...s bankruptcy of Orange County California was attributed to the use of derivatives for example. In the mid-... s the credit default swap became a commonly traded derivative that offered risk protection to those who participated in it. In the credit default swap one entity would ..."

Tags:financial derivatives, financial regulation, financial markets

Abstract
The criminal justice system in the United States, and indeed anywhere in the world, is a governmental tool to ensure the safety and security of the citizens of the country. The paper explains, however, that certain areas have been considered in research to steer away from this goal. The public has, for example, lost a considerable amount of trust in the system as a result of apparent oppressive practices in the system. It discusses how things like alcohol have been proved to be a factor in many crimes; yet many of the prisoners with drinking problems remain untreated, and crimes are perpetuated as a result. The paper points out that there are also significant developments within the system, including IT advances, which could help to create an increase in job opportunities in a variety of departments.

From the Paper
"The United States prison system appears to be the icon of years of accumulated oppressive practices against especially African Americans. Indeed, according to Parenti, the 900 percent growth of the Justice Department's budget over the last 20 years seems to have mostly been used in order to build an increasing number of prisons. These are used to house an increasing amount of prisoners (currently around 60 percent of all prisoners) incarcerated for non-violent drug crimes. Furthermore about one out of every three black men in their twenties are under criminal justice control or are sought under warrant."

Tags:oppression, alchohol, job, IT, prisoner

Abstract
The essay considers current developments in China and the repercussions they might have on the domestic and international scene. The issues considered span the social, political, and economic landscape along with background information about the years past World War II. The effect of the transition between communism and democracy is also taken into consideration.

From the Paper
"There is nothing ordinary about China, one of world's leading powers. It has the largest population with about 1.3 billion inhabitants, has the third largest area, behind Russia and Canada, and one with nuclear capability. China is not only a great contemporary power but also has a great potential to be the greatest economic military and political power surpassing even that of the United States. "

Tags:china, chinese, communism, east, economy, far, mao, modernization, technology, transition, tse, tung

Abstract
An analysis of the 8 stage development, as presented by Erik Erikson, using a case study of an individual called Janet.

Tags:life, span, development

Abstract
The paper discusses how nursing has had several periods of rich theoretical growth, which often accompanies growth in the manner by which nurses are utilized. The paper explains that once considered to be merely the handmaidens of doctors or purveyors of only the simplest physical care and comfort, nurses have become knowledgeable and powerful members of the healthcare team.

From the Paper
"Throughout its existence, the field of nursing has been a dynamic one. Nursing has had several periods of rich theoretical growth, which often accompanies growth in the manner by which nurses are utilized. Once considered to be merely the handmaidens of doctors or purveyors of only the simplest physical care and comfort, nurses have become knowledgeable and powerful members of the healthcare team. This change could not have occurred without significant events in nursing history, including the efforts of Florence Nightingale and her "Notes on Nursing", the graduation..."

Tags:nursing, research, developments

Abstract
This paper will compare this author's science fiction vision with the actual development and diffusion of the main technologies discussed.

Abstract
An opinion paper that discusses current debates on animal testing, problems with animal testing, alternatives and how regulation can be improved.

From the Paper
"Animal testing has become a hot topic in the last few decades as more and more animal rights & awareness issues have entered the world stage. From a variety of backgrounds, groups have rallied to the cause of animals around the world that are involved in drug testing, cosmetic testing, and a number of different experimental situations. The most hotly contested issue has been drug testing, where the development of potentially human life-saving substances is weighed against the life of these animals. Recent scientific research has been working hard to increase the accuracy and usage of alternative testing methods."

Tags:animal, pets, rights, controversial, drug, human, benefit, experiment, scient, cosmetic

Abstract
The following paper examines how theater has changed since the times of Shakespeare, focusing on changes in the actual design of theaters, subjects of texts and particularly changes in dramatic character's language which has grown more heightened and more strange and removed from reality. This paper addresses issues of notions of linear time in plot structure, climatic plots and character composition with reference to several contemporary and classic plays, such as Margaret Edison's, "Wit", Terrence McNally's "Master Class" and Ibsen's "Peer Gynt". Characters in their psychology seem more fragmented and strange, less like the people we meet on the street because of their language, but also because authors are more willing to show characters in different points of their life, as in Master Class Better to give audiences a new perception of truth than to attempt to confirm audience's preexisting expectations of character, art, and life, says the modern theater and modern authors. Although the attempts to do so are often unpleasant and jarring, they are equally often haunting and moving.

From the Paper
"The plays "Master Class," "Art," and "Wit," similarly use of heightened language to challenge the expected notions of the audience and what reality is. "Master Class" does not have a clear beginning and an end in the sense that it jumps back and forth in time and place in the protagonist's Maria Callas' mind. The setting is ostensibly a master class taught by the singer, but the real drama is within the woman, not in external action. Callas is a real person, but the story does not evolve through real time. Instead, song drifts in and out of Callas' voice, but these songs do not feature vocals during the play. Instead it is the voice of Callas in the past that fills the room, from recordings, even though the character that begins the play can no longer handle the demands of an operatic soprano aria."

Tags:psychology, fragmented, language, audience, preexisting, expectations, character, art, life, modern, authors, jarring, haunting, moving