Abstract
The paper looks at the article by Emanuel, Ravela, Vivant and Rish, entitled "A Statistical Deterministic Approach to Hurricane Risk Assessment" and the article by Joel Achenbach, entitled "Global warming Did It! Well, Maybe Not...". The paper analyzes these two articles regarding their content, their similarities and differences, as well as their impact on the reader.

From the Paper
"Recently, there has been much talk about climate change, predicting the occurrence of hurricanes and trends in climate, and its impact on man's overall quality of life. With the recent disasters experienced from Hurricane Katrina, scientists are currently involved in developing methods to predict risks associated with these natural calamities. Scientists have recognized that climate changes result to expensive property losses, potential loss of thousands of lives, serious injuries, and massive destruction. Methods that aim to predict hurricanes risks based on wind speed and precipitation are being enhanced to warn the general population, and empower them to act before such disasters become a reality."

Tags:hurricanes, storms, catastrophes, floods

Abstract
This paper is an analysis of the question of freewill and determinism as interpreted from the writings of David Hume. Specifically, this paper will present an overview and analysis of Hume's argument from "Of Liberty and Necessity", and it will be demonstrated that Hume is a 'soft determinist'. It will be argued that because 'necessity' (determinism) is a 'belief' that is conditioned in humans, and because certain patterns of behavior cross-culturally can be observed and understood as similar, that he is therefore a determinist to some extent.

From the Paper
"Thesis statement and Outline

This study will argue that for a full understanding of the work and life of Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens) it is necessary to read and appreciate the later and darker works of that writer.

I. Twain expresses a "deterministic pessimism" in his later
works:
A. These works are weakened by his fanatic and contrived writing in which he argues his points too stridently.
B. These works must be studied in order to understand the whole writer and whole man.
C. There are differences of opinion on the connection between Twain's pessimism and his determinism.
D. His darker writing was in part his effort to throw

From the Paper
"The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the developmental theories of Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget. The paper discusses the similarities and dissimilarities of both theories.

According to Clark-Stewart, Friedman and Koch (1985), theories of human development consist of models of how people change (and stay the same) over time. Both Jean Piaget and Erik Erikson have formulated theories of human development (see: Piaget, 1951, 1952; Erikson, 1950, 1964, 1973). However, the nature of each man's developmental theory differs.

According to Pervin (1981), Erikson's psychosocial developmental model is a variant of the ..."

Abstract
This paper looks at examples of symptoms of dysfunction within a company such as indirect communication, alliances, a loss of corporate memory and a lack of friendship among professional colleagues. It examines different models of organization such as the structural model, the deterministic model and the computational model to determine which are useful in solving the problem of dysfunction within a company.

From the Paper
"Another model of organization is the competency model. A competency model identifies skills, knowledge and the characteristics necessary to perform a job. These models have been in use for more than three decades. In the last five years, interest in them and their potential to help staffing and development efforts has increased dramatically. This interest will continue to grow over the next few years due to three key, related trends: intensified competition, aggressive cost management and downsizing, and the proliferation of a feedback system."

Tags:deterministic, model, computational, structural, competency

Abstract
The paper specifies that, if the reader holds that certain events in life will invariably lead to certain other events but that human beings are allowed the "space" to make decisions for themselves within broad parameters, then determinism and free will are congruent. The author examines key concepts that enter into this discussion and how they "fit" together. The paper utilizes a deterministic story, which allows an array of causal accounts for each event and relates how free will conflict with this story. The paper concludes that compatibilism really can serve as an adequate philosophical theory as long as one accepts the notion of soft determinism and the idea that people can exercise their free will within certain deterministic parameters.

From the Paper
"All that has been discussed thus far leads to the inclusion of a deterministic story that allows for an array of causal accounts for each event. In this case, a man with limited schooling loses his job; he finds himself broke and desperate; with his life crumbling, he turns to crime to sustain himself. A deterministic view would hold that the man's fate was sealed from the beginning because of his lack of education or his lack of mental acuity. Consequently, his options were limited from the start and he was compelled to make the decisions he made."

Tags:consequence antecedent incompatibilism parameters, soft determinism

Abstract
This paper explains that it is next to impossible to avoid sources of natural radiation in our everyday life, but precautions can be taken to maintain distance from local sources of radiation and to use distance, time, and radiation-shielding as protection. The author points out that radiation is not responsible for the assumed mechanism of carcinogenesis caused by the exposure to magnetic fields. The paper relates that the nuclear industry and many other sources of radioactivity are used in an enormous range of industrial processes, such as industrial radiography, thickness gauges, smoke alarms, and medical diagnosis and treatment.

Table of Contents
Types and Sources of Ionising Radiation
The Effect of Radiation on the Body
Detecting Radiation
Regulating Body Standards and the Workplace
Ionizing Radiation
Contamination
Stochastic Effects
Deterministic Effects
Monitoring Radiation Exposure
Radiation Accidents
Types of Radiation Accident
The Food Industry Uses Radiation

From the Paper
"Ionising radiation does not accumulate in our body, but science proves that the radiation effects are evident from exposure to large amounts of radiation, as in sunburns from too much exposure to strong sunlight. Radiation carries energy that has a damaging effect on the living cells of living things and can either kill them or change their structure and function to inhibit correct functioning but this would take large doses to kill a good number of cells to cause death. Radiation dose would have to be several thousand times bigger than the dose received annually from the environment to cause death. Death would occur if the person were exposed more over a year. For example, exposure to sunlight over a year gives one a suntan, but one-day exposure of sunbaking could cause death by sunstroke."

Tags:radon, microsieverts, ionising, radiography, nucelar

Abstract
This paper explains that Lipset and Rokkan based their freezing hypothesis on the assumption that if men were given equal right to vote, then a level of social freezing would take place, limiting the emergence of oppositional parties. The author believes that, although much interpretation of mass politics in Western Europe is derived from Rokkan's and Lipset's freezing hypothesis, this approach suffers from two problems: it pays little attention to the underlying values, as opposed to issues, which inform class and religious, and treats the relationship between social divisions and party politics as too deterministic, leaving little room for the human element in political movements, political leadership. The paper stresses the proof the freeze hypothesis needs to be reconsidered can be found in the success of alternative parties in Western Europe and England, such as the Green party.

From the Paper
"For the radical right party , or of Germany, this means appropriating the dominant concept that they are the true measure of the nation and nationhood. The parties which develop a "radical right" position market themselves as nationalist, those who stand for the true values and priorities of the nation. The alternative parties, such as the Green party in England, tend to cast themselves as the representers of interests which are being ignored by the traditional parties. By the efforts of these radical interest parties, minority interests have been able to move from the being perceived as a radical political fringe group to a party which is accepted in the mainstream. Because of the radical right's claim to represent ordinary people against an allegedly corrupt political class, their nationalistic counter-discourse cannot be too far from traditional concepts of nationhood that are available as cultural symbols to large segments of the public. As a result, the radical right dramatizes the vulnerability of the nation in times of a real or presumed crisis. During a time when traditional nationalism is at a low ebb, the alternative parties are able to make large in roads into the public consciousness."

Tags:assumption, mass, values, leadership, alternative

Abstract
This paper summarizes Jean Paul Sartre's play, "No Exit," and discusses its existentialist theme about human nature and loss of freedoms. The paper describes how the play depicts a loss of freedom on several different levels and looks at how the characters in the play experience these losses. The paper also compares Sartre's notion about human nature and the basic need for freedom to the deterministic position as espoused by Robert Blanchford, which holds that the lives of humans are already predetermined.

From the Paper
"Jean Paul Sartre's "No Exit" is an apt description of existential hell. (Sartre, 1958) Existentialism attempts to describe our desire to make rational decisions despite existing in an irrational universe. Existentialism requires the active acceptance of our nature. Or, existentialism assumes we are best when we struggle against our nature. In either case, we should want this. Given this brief description of existentialism, what transpires in "No Exit" is that the players are trapped in their own natures. There is a loss of freedom at several levels. The stage setting reveals that even in writing No Exit, Sartre cannot completely rid himself of his existentialist leanings. He asks for a chandelier in the center of the room. And in the ceiling there is a hole through which he allows as an escape route."

Tags:prison, dead, hell, cradeau, pacifist, writer, estelle, inez, lesbian, guilty, change, consequences, action

Abstract
A review of Kant's philosophy with regard to individual, society and power. Kant believes the individual cannot be both a utilitarian and a Kantian in terms of moral theory. Of the two, Kant offers a more deterministic view of morality, while the utilitarians offer a more social morality. This paper looks at two pieces by Kant that explore the place of the individual in deciding their path in society and the power they have to control it all.

From the Paper
"From one standpoint, man is a finite rational being and must see himself as belonging to the intelligible world. Therefore, he must conceive his will as free from determination by sensuous causes and thus as being obedient to laws based on reason alone. This means that he can never conceive of the causal action of his own will except under the idea of freedom. In this way Kant removes the suspicion of a vicious circle, and he does so by indicating different approaches to knowledge, approaches that are necessary."

Tags:philosophy, morality, good, evil