Abstract
This paper examines the distinctions drawn between committed and detached normative statements, as well as between external statements about the law and internal statements made by those who accept the law. It focuses particularly on the views of Joseph Raz and H.L.A. Hart regarding this issue. The paper asserts that both Raz and Hart tap into the internal viewpoint of a person on whether one accepts a rule or not as law, but only at a superficial level. Raz's 'committed statement' and 'detached normative statement' parallel Hart's 'internal statement' and 'external statement' respectively. On this level, the paper posits that Raz's theory supplements Hart's theory. It concludes, however, that there are subtle differences between the two and that Raz's ideas bring Hart's theory to a different level.

From the Paper
"Raz contends that the acceptance of rules of recognition is a moral decision, not just a matter of fact as Hart asserts. In Practical Reason and Norms (1990), Raz states that 'Intuitively, it is always the case that one ought to do whatever one ought to do on the balance of reasons', which is the core of Raz's theory of practical reasoning. He suggests that reasons can be categorised into first and second order reasons. An example of a first order reason: 'I bought a bottle of champagne, and because I love drinking champagne, I have a first order reason for drinking it'. A second order reason that counteracts my first order reason could, for example, be that 'I promised the bottle of champagne for my friend to drink'. This second order reason (i.e. a promise) excludes further deliberation as to whether I want to drink the champagne."

Tags:jurisprudence, law

Abstract
The paper examines Andy Warhol's 16 Jackies where four different poses have been multiplied for a detached affect on the viewer. The paper explains that repetition helps to make personal objects more distant and emotionless, and so by repeating images over and over again, one can become desensitized, even making something as tragic as the President's assassination appear droned out and disaffected.

Tags:warhol, article, jackie

Abstract
The paper compares the efficacy and safety of two interventions to repair primary retinal detachment in patients from a single hospital. It also presents a basic overview of retinal detachment and previous treatments.

From the Paper
" Retinal detachment is also known as detached retina or retinal tear. Treatment is time-critical and the condition can lead to permanent vision loss if not treated promptly. The paper compares the efficacy and safety of two interventions to repair primary retinal detachment in patients from a single hospital."

Tags:retina, detachment, vitrectomy

Abstract
This paper provides a philosophical discussion of how the concepts of "detachment" and "asceticism" are merely an attempt to escape the human condition. It defines detachment and how it varies from one person to another and gives examples of well-known individuals.

From the Paper
" Detachment is a release from pain and desire that often manifests relief relaxation and tranquility in the individual. In Ways of Wisdom it is argued that people who have the capability for detachment do not engage in self-deception or inner ..."

Tags:detachment, desire, yearning, craving, asceticism, psychology, philosophy, Nietzsche

Abstract
This will include a comparison of two basic works, including Matsuo Basho's poetry and Chikamatsu Monzaemon dramatic writing. Both artists reveal very similar themes, including humanity's connection to nature and the overall tragedy of the human condition. The works were expressed in a simple language that reached all people, including commoners.

Abstract
Personal beliefs and personal histories lead readers to interpret the meaning and symbols of a text from their own unique perspective. This paper examines how the personal experience of isolation and detachement from others resulting in interpretting the centreal theme of Lee Sky's novel "Disappearing Moon Cafe" as isolation as a result of immigrating.

From the Paper
Personal Beliefs and Readings of a Text Individuals are drawn to different texts for different reasons. The experience and interpretation of a text is highly influenced by the personal experiences and beliefs of the reader. This paper will explore how my own unique set of experiences and history influenced my interpretation of Sky Lee's novel `Disappearing Moon CafAfA(c)'. `Disappearing Moon CafAfA(c)' details the experiences of many men and women's experience with immigration. My interpretation of the theme in the novel was that the author used symbolism, language and sentence structure to convey a theme of isolation and detachment. I have never immigrated, but I

Tags:analysis, literature, personal beliefs

Abstract
The paper examines Voltaire's "Candide" and Wu Ch'eng-En's "Monkey." It shows "Monkey" to be representative of the Buddhist understanding of detachment.

From the Paper
"The Pursuit of a Suitable Detachment
Quest literature such as Voltaire's Candide and Wu Ch'eng-En's Monkey often provides insight into cultural, philosophical, and religious interpretations of government, nature, man, and religion itself. In the two ..."

Abstract
This paper explains that the formalism mode of analysis revolves around examining the form of a literary work by analyzing functions within the textual system. The author points out that the content of the story provides the motivation for the action and the dialogue mirrors the immediate struggle between the two characters. The paper relates that the author uses the text to switch betweendialogue, third-person detached observation and an inner monologue to best convey the punch of the story, before switching to a closing detachment that underscores the final horror.

From the Paper
"When the character, Al, goes into the ring and almost unconsciously wins the match by knockout, the action is described in third person and somewhat detachedly. Dialogue between Al and his manager intersperse this third-person narrative, forcing the reader to switch between being inside Al's head and examining his actions from a detached perspective. It is when the fight is over, and Al's coach deserts him, that the action settles most tellingly inside Al's mind. This is because, stylistically, all of the potential conflicts have been resolved, and the end is nigh."

Tags:foreground, characters, third-person, dialogue, detachment

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of Durkheim's sociology. It works on the thesis that Durkheim's sociology is based on the moral framework of the individual as opposed to the detached study of society. The paper depicts Durkheim reacting against the positivistic trend in sociology as exemplified by Comte. Using the parameters provided by Campbell, the paper examines how Durkheim's theories are idealistic, normative, holistic, interpretive, and based on consensus. It also argues that Durkheim's sociology is a moral venture rather than detached science.

From the Paper
"The best way to explain Durkheim's concept of sociology is to contrast it to Comte's. The latter can be said to occupy the logical extreme of Enlightenment thinking. It was the penchant of the philosophers of the Enlightenment to apply the trusted rules of science to the field of humanities, and thus engendering the hope that all knowledge may be subsumed into the positivistic fray. Comte was so overcome by the zeal of this purpose that in later life he proposed that his scheme of sociology be presented as a religion. The particular aspect of Enlightenment thinking which Durkheim finds incomplete is the concentration on sociological progress. As Giddens puts it, Durkheim felt that the Enlightenment thinkers "had not managed to free themselves sufficiently from the philosophy of history to allow the project concrete realization." (Giddens 14). Instead of explaining society as an evolution from rude beginnings, Durkheim's effort was to base society on the intrinsic moral nature of the human."

Tags:humanities, social, science, Comte, Weber, Campbell's, parameters

Abstract
Ambrose Bierce successfully de-glamorized war by depicting the grueling realities of battle in an era when war was deemed romantic. The paper describes the story and introduces the main character. The paper analyzes the use of nature in the short story and shows how counting and numbers are used to project the detached tone throughout the setting. The paper demonstrates how a transition is made in the story from one of detachment to one of emotion.

Table of Contents:

Title
Introduction
Use of Descriptors in the Setting
Main Character
Nature
Transition: Detachment to Emotion
Resolution
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In his detached style, Bierce relays a story describing the horrors of war after battle. He uses words like "tidying up a bit" to downplay the carnage in the first scene of The Coup De Grace. The narrator's voice is far removed. The attitude is nonchalant, yet the images are gruesomely spectacular. Bodies strewn about are treated with acute indifference."

Tags:war, horror, character