Abstract
This paper assesses a critical model for customer-driven destination promotion for New York City and Ottawa. It focuses on and compares these two markets of metropolis destinations with a diversity of smaller market players. The paper looks at the need for greater destination promotion to these two locations, describes tourism to each location, and then discusses ways to promote more tourism to each one.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background
Market Factors
Implementation for Destination Promotion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In order to increase destination promotion within these two locations, a shift must be made within their marketing practices and the particular branding they pursue. The growth in information sharing and global wealth means that there are more tourists but also more competing destinations. In order for these two destinations to regain their market share and increase their tourism industries they must pursue a strategy of rebranding via the internet, leveraging political and NGO institutions, and increasing the scope of the international practices."

Tags:tourism, NGO, holiday

Abstract
Toronto cannot be recommended as postmodern tourist destination for it lacks what the contemporary mass tourist wishes in terms of diversion, climate, cheap prices and entertainment. Instead, as Torontonians tend not to realize, Toronto and environs draw travellers or kinds to head for First Nations sites that Ontarians take for granted. Paper is written in a tongue in cheek manner, aware that student will be making a presentation. Main Idea: Toronto is too dull and costly for the typical mass tourist; does draw the genuine traveller who tends to spend very little.

From the Paper
Toronto, a Destination with Little to Commend It - Except the First Nations. Introduction The central Canadian city of Toronto does not fit with early 21^st century destination ideals in a day of mass air transit, interactive attractions for tourists of all ages and education levels. Toronto does not offer much room for ecotourism, for sex tourism, or whatever else the modern day visitor wants. However, reflection on what seems to appeal to stray tourists in the Greater Toronto Area from abroad revealed interest in phenomena taken for granted by Canadians and definitely by Torontonians.

Tags:toronto, second rate, postmod tourism

Abstract
This essay discusses Japan, in terms of culture, as well as attractions. It explores possible reasons for tourists being reluctant to visit Japan. The paper then offers unique ideas on how Japan could market tourism to other areas of the world, in order to encourage tourists to visit.

From the Paper
"Despite Japan's facade of modernity, from its city skylines and "Bullet Trains" to its millions of people who seem to have high-tech cell phones glued to their ears, traditional Japan still exists in a huge network of inns and restaurants, and in arts, crafts and customs that have not changed in over a thousand years. The deceptive thing about Tokyo is that it seems surprisingly Western on the surface with Western looking buildings, McDonald's franchises and kids listening to rap music. It seems like you might as well be in Los Angeles. Yet you don't need to dig very deep to discover the Japanese soul beneath the Western facade. One of the most appealing aspects of travelling in Japan is the richness of culture that can be encountered. Advertisement should grasp that despite Japan's apparent Western aspirations, it is uniquely Japanese. "

Tags:advertisement, japan, japanese, tourism, tourist

Abstract
This paper reviews the marketing strategies and variables that are important in the destination marketing of Coffs Harbour as a tourist attraction by the Coffs Harbour Tourism Association. The marketing variables have helped identify the target market and market segmentation as well as effective means of communicating or providing information to visitors through the use of the website, visitor information centres and friends and relatives.

Outline:
Executive Summary
Introduction
Selected DMO and destination/ hierarchical chart
Organizational Structure
Target Market
Market Segmentation
Primary Competing Destinations
VFR
Visitor Information Centres
Conclusion

From the Paper
''Tourism has globally been accepted as an economic activity of attracting tourists and catering for their needs. As demand for tourism increased, more areas were developed for tourism and the choices of destinations available to the tourists continued to expand. This resulted to competition between tourist destinations. To gain the upper hand and be successfully promoted to a target market, a destination is required differentiate itself from its competitors and create a strong image in the mind of the tourists (Echtner and Ritchie, 2003).
''In the recent years, destination marketing has been regarded as a very important factor in the competitive world of today. The purpose of destination marketing is to create awareness, promote product and services, and brand imaging, development of network channels through promotion and marketing tools and finally, communication.
Destination marketing organizations include government agencies, visitor bureaus and travel associations that strive to promote their destinations abroad to the overseas travel markets. This is done through marketing strategies which help the destination differentiate its product from the competition. The focus of the market strategies lies on the competitive advantage of the destination and it develops and positions the destination in the customers mind. Gilbert (1990) cited that destination marketing includes promotion, attraction, sales, events and target marketing.''

Tags:tourism, destination marketing, Coffs Harbour

Abstract
This paper compares two destination websites for two different cities: LasVegas.com and Toronto.com. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats are discussed from a business perspective. Each website seems to meet its objectives and market to the types of visitors that are most likely to visit the cities. There are some clear differences as well as similarities that are discussed.

From the Paper
"The main focus of a destination web page is to lure travelers to their location and patronize as many of the local businesses as possible. These sites have a mix of transportation, accommodation, dining, and entertainment businesses that sometimes pay advertising costs to be on the page. The most attractive and desirable or memorable tourist features of a location are highlighted the most. For example, riodejaniero.com has the well-known Christ statue at the top left corner, floridakeys.com has a picture of the Seven Mile Bridge, and newyork.com has a taxi cab rushing..."

Tags:swot, destination, websites

Abstract
An in-depth paper about the need to produce a brand for Turkey, which can be marketed internationally as the tourist attraction of the country.

1. Introduction.
2. Background and Trends
3. Government Policies Towards Industry
4. International Tourism Marketing
4.1. Turkey as a Tourism Destination
4.2. Market Segmentation
4.3. Marketing Communication
5. TTO's Branding Strategy and the Core Values
6. Brand Personality and Identity
7. Impact of European Union Policies
8. The Challenge of External Environment Policy
9. Conclusion

From the Paper
"During the last four decades tourism has become one of the world's largest and fastest growing industries. As an industry, tourism in 1996 directly and indirectly generated and supported 204 million jobs world-wide, equivalent to more than 10% of the world's workforce - a figure which is forecast to rise to over 11% during the first years of the new millennium. Tourism is in other words of great economic importance and new "tourism areas" are constantly being developed, implying that consumers have even more destinations available to choose from when going on vacation. Moreover, people are traveling increasingly, among other things due to more flexible working hours and rising levels of disposable income. Furthermore, transportation networks have become more efficient which makes it possible to travel to any destination in the world within relatively few hours. The growing importance of tourism implies that national tourism boards around the world face intensive competition in the battle of attracting tourists. Hence, tourism marketers are faced with the challenge of developing new and different marketing strategies that will differentiate a destination from its competitors."

Tags:brand, market, segment, vacation

Abstract
Wang Anyi's "The Destination" depicts the struggle of a former zhiqing trying to cope with his return to life and his family in Shanghai after ten years in Xinjiang. This paper discusses the autobiographical elements from the novel. It shows how the story of the protagonist parallels the life experiences of the author as a teenager, who left her family for a decade to attend military farms in the Chinese countryside.

From the Paper
"Fearful that Chen Xin will marry and claim his half of the one room, the older brother starts maneuvering to get a ration card, which will entitle him and his wife to the room permanently. The sister-in-law goes so far as to suggest that Chen Xin should consider marrying someone he feels is totally unsuitable in order to take advantage of the room the prospective bride's parent's are dangling as bait to get someone to marry their unattractive daughter."

Tags:Chen, Xin, Aunt, Shen, Yuan, Red, Guard

Abstract
The paper discusses the need to explore developing countries for what occurs behind the tourist industry. The paper offers a full discussion of Thai sex tourism that the government now wishes to minimize despite its continuation, aware of other kinds of tourists that demand natural settings and authentic experiences. The paper addresses medical tourism and notes that sex tourism is not mentioned by the government's tourist authority but remains a large economic boost.

From the Paper
"This paper emanates from personal interest in visiting Southeast Asia and Thailand in particular towards research into the large Thai tourist industry that has taken form since the late 1970s. Thailand offers many sites and activities of interest to the diverse tourists of today who tend to seek particular kinds of diversions or experiences. Government promotional materials in English do not mention an entrenched sex tourism industry exploiting local or trafficked women and girls from Burma, Vietnam and other poorer countries. (See Rafferty:2008) A recent Amazing..."

Tags:thailand, tourism, sex tourism

Abstract
This essay presents a detailed comparison of two books and the spiritual journeys of the protagonists. The author draws a distinction of the spiritual journey that the protagonists take and compares Roger Kamenetz's "The Jew In The Lotus," and "The Ceremony" by Leslie Silko.

From the Paper
"When we are traveling, we have several choices in how we will arrive at our final destination. We can take an airplane or a train; we can drive a vehicle or hop on a bus. In addition to deciding how we will travel we also have to choose the roads that we will take to get there. Even if two people are looking for the exact same location there are many decisions to be made in how the journey is done. The same can be said for spiritual exploration and searching. Each person has to decide what "vehicle" (faith) that they will use for the trip and then determine what "roads" (teachings) will guide them to the final location (spiritual awakening). This process is detailed in two books that were written from completely different standpoints of faith. The Jew in the Lotus by Rodger Kamenetz, and The Ceremony by Leslie Silko, are both examples of the same destination being discovered through entirely different vehicles and paths."

Tags:vehicles, paths, roads, faith, culture, religion, experience, modern

Abstract
This paper is an analysis of several different types of technology , and the effect that each of them has on on different part of the tourism industry. Some of the issues discussed are, the used of the internet, digital video and laser video.

From the paper:

"The IMAX films that are promoting Pittsburgh right now are also very interesting because it puts the viewer in perspective of the destination. It is a virtual reality of the destination. People will not always be sold just by word of mouth, but if they could actually see the destination and, in a way experience part of it at home, then they will be more likely to want to travel to that particular destination. Another one of my articles talks about the internet and how important it is to have good marketing skills in order to sell your business or destination. People are on the internet more now than ever and are constantly thirsting for more information."

Tags:advances, destinations, technology, tourism, digital, laser, travel, pittsburgh, los, angeles, ohio