Abstract
The paper begins by explaining that the Middle East remains one of the most controversial parts of the world because of its wanted resource, namely, oil. The paper then considers how the removal of Western support for the nation could threaten the stability of Saudi Arabia, although it would hardly be in the interests of the United States to allow the alliances with the Saudis erode. The paper contends that in the case of terrorism disrupting the Saudi infrastructure, the Saudis would have to take direct action in terms of combating support for destabilizing forces. The paper concludes that ultimately, the stabilization or the destabilization of Saudi Arabia will result on the actions or non-actions of the Saudis themselves.

From the Paper
"Of all the nations in the Middle East, Saudi Arabia remains (on the surface) the most stable. While Saudi Arabia's human rights record within its own borders has long since been an atrocious one, the relationship between the Saudi government and other nations has long since been relatively peaceful. Recent events, however, have chipped away at the stability of Saudi Arabia. Fears of a refugee incursion into Saudi Arabia has resulted in the construction of a fence along the Saudi border designed to keep fleeing Iraqis out and, more ominously, Saudi Arabia has announced its intention of "going nuclear" as a means of deterring Iran, a nation that is very close to developing an atomic bomb of its own."

Tags:terrorism, extremists, oil, US, NATO, alliances

Abstract
This paper discusses the Russo-Chechnya conflict from a political and economic standpoint, highlighting the impact of oil on the players in the conflict, and showing the regional implications of actions in Chechnya. The paper proposes some solutions to the conflict but predicts that the problem will not go away anytime soon.

Table of Contents:
Russia: The Oil Conglomerate
History of the Conflict
The Sides
Oil War
Global Political and Economic Ramifications
Issue Resolution
Summary Of the Chechen Regional Impact

From the Paper
"The basic problem from the Russian perspective is how to get the Chechens to accept Russian sovereignty. They failed to win any sort of charm offensive and continue to hold that status. During the war villages that signed peace agreements were bombed indiscriminately and without warning, and cooperation with authorities never was a guarantee of safety, as it should have been. With the military under poor discipline, it is the civilians who often become the targets and who are most deeply affected. "

Tags:shamil, tajik variant model, de facto independence, pipeline appeasement

Abstract
The following paper will argue that the United States has long pursued a policy of "destabilization" when dealing with Caribbean nations that have the audacity to pursue socialist or redistributive policies the US finds offensive from an ideological point-of-view. However, this policy of destabilization has, in the past, only infrequently involved military intervention - Grenada being one of the more famous exceptions. Instead, the US has used economic sanctions, political intimidation, propaganda, and internal proxies to overwhelm "unfriendly" governments. To understand the subtlety of the US action, one must recognize that the US has often toppled popular governments; therefore, using military force to upset democratic results is hardly in keeping with the image America would like to present. As time allows, this paper will look at American actions in the Caribbean - specifically, nations like Guyana, Jamaica and (especially) Grenada - and point out how they are best understood by looking at American precedents established elsewhere; in short, in its ongoing efforts to "cover its tracks," the USA perfected a number of covert techniques in countries like Guatemala and Chile that later found full expression in the late 1970s and 1980s in US interactions with recalcitrant Caribbean lands. In the end, US foreign policy has often been characterized not by guns and missiles, but by the fairly brutal application of "indirect" means.

From the Paper
How the US Stifled the Growth of the Caribbean through Stealth: With a look at Guatemala and Chile, too The following paper will argue that the United States has long pursued a policy of "destabilization" when dealing with Caribbean nations that have the audacity to pursue socialist or redistributive policies the US finds offensive from an ideological point-of-view. However, this policy of destabilization has, in the past, only infrequently involved military intervention - Grenada being one of the more famous exceptions. Instead, the US has used economic sanctions, political intimidation, propaganda, and internal proxies to overwhelm "unfriendly" governments. To understand

Tags:guatemala, chile, usa

Abstract
The paper discusses how the decline of the Ottoman and Qing Empires destabilized international order in the West and East respectively. The paper continues by explaining the lack of equilibrium and the political and military vacuums caused by the breakups.

From the Paper
"This research paper analyzes and compares the extent to which the international order in the West was destabilized by the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and in the East by that of the Qing Dynasty. The slow decay and fitful decline of the Ottoman Empire culminating in its destruction at the end of World War I certainly influenced the balance of power in Eastern and Central Europe."

Tags:decline, Ottoman, Qing, Empires, consequences

Abstract
This paper looks, first, at how an understanding of political socialization is an inherently important aspect of comprehending political life and then attempts to illustrate how a deeper understanding of political socialization can enhance our understanding of the role of socialization in political change, as opposed to political stability. The paper then uses the example of Egypt before the revolution of 1952, and then following it, to demonstrate how this process works.

Introduction
The Process and Theory of Political Socialization
Preparation for the Revolution: Socialization Towards System
Destabilization

From the Paper
"Socialization is a complex phenomena, analyzing and theoritizing about the ways and means by which children become social beings and acquire the tools that help them function in society, on cultural, economic and political levels. As the term itself, "socialization" implies, this phenomena is really a cultural one but, nonetheless, has very important political implications. As a matter of fact, socialization impacts many aspects of human development and, as such, constitutes an important area of study within the humanities and social sciences. The study of this phenomenon may be defined as an attempt to dissect the core of socialization and explain how the process unfolds, the manner in which it differs from one culture to another or from one age to another, and identify its determining factors. To date and in spite of a great deal of research conducted into this area and numerous attempts to attain comprehensive understanding of socialization, Stanley Allen Renshon, a Political Sociology professor and scholar, argues that socialization and, more specifically, political socialization, demands further research. This research is important if political scientist, not to mention sociologists and psychologists, are ever going to understand "the process by which the child develops into the citizen." Even though the basic process of political socialization, or socialization, as such is understood as the teaching of behaviour and the acquisition of behaviour there are many questions regarding the extent to which these learned behaviours influence politics and political systems. Jack Dennis, a Professor of Political Science at the University of Wisconsin and, author of Socialization to Politics: A Reader, emphasizes the importance of this set of question. He argues that they are important as a means of framing an understanding of "the system relevance of political socialization." In this regard, Dennis writes that answering the "question about what effects political socialization has upon political life," is crucial for understanding politics. In other words, once the elements of political socialization and the process by which it occurs, in addition to the identification of the factors which influence it, are fully understood, political life will become all that more clearer to read. Besides the necessity of understanding political socialization as inherently important to comprehension of political life, deeper understanding of political socialization will settle a major debate concerning the role of socialization in political change, as opposed to political stability. Dennis states that the exact role of political socialization in the stabilization, or destabilization of a political system is a topic of debate: "The assumption that every system engages in some program of political socialization needs to be tested; and it needs examination within the context of alternative means for building - or perhaps undermining - the support of the system's membership." The above does not simply communicate the existence of a debate regarding the role of political socialization in political systems but, expands our understanding of political socialization in a very important way. In the first place, it communicates that different systems have their unique political socialization goals and processes, directed towards the teaching of specific political beliefs and behaviors. In the second place, it informs readers that while political socialization usually functions towards the stabilization of the present political system, if new elements, communicating contrary messages enter into the process, political socialization may act towards the destabilization of a system and the creation of an alternative one. This is an interesting hypothesis which requires testing. As a way of testing that hypothesis, this research will argue that while political socialization does communicate established and accepted political behaviours and beliefs, from one generation to the next, certain economic, social and political conditions might lead to the rise of alternate beliefs and behaviours, determining political socialization towards revolutionary goals which, once successful and expressed in the collapse of a system and its replacement with another, will, once more, function towards stabilization of the system through the communication of the newly defined political behaviors and attitudes. In other words, political socialization is a cycle, beginning with stabilization, leading to destabilization, and ending with stabilization once again. By focusing on the political socialization processes operating in Egypt before the revolution of 1952, just prior to the revolution and then following it, the manner in which political socialization communicates behaviour intended to stabilize, destabilize then re-stabilize the political system shall be explained."

Tags:1952, able, acceptable, accepted, achievements, acquire, acquisition, act, active, actor, addition, adulthood, age, agents, aim, aiming, aims, allen, allocate, alternate, alternative, altogether, analyze, analyzed, analyzing, answering, application, area, argue, argues, aspects, assume

Abstract
This paper examines a character in "ER" known as Kerry Weaver, a physician at the hospital, and the difficulties she faces as part of a same-sex partnership and as a non-traditional parent from the perspective of two sociological traditions. The first part of the paper uses the structural-functionalist approach, emphasizing the writings of sociologist Emile Durkheim. This part argues that Weaver's actions as both a lesbian life partner and a lesbian single parent are both dysfunctions that have a destabilizing effect on society. The next part then criticizes this position by using the conflict approach, applying Karl Marx's writings regarding the ideas and values of the ruling class to the case of gay and lesbian people.

From the Paper
"The television show ER is one of the most popular and longest-running programs still on television. The episode aired April 8, 2004 focused on the personal life of attending physician Kerry Weaver, portrayed by actor Laura Innes. In this episode, Weaver's lesbian life partner Sandy Lopez partner dies in a fire. Lopez's family then takes the opportunity to file for custody of their infant son, who is Lopez's natural child. Weaver tries in vain to retain custody of her son. In the end, however, her efforts are fruitless. Since the law does not recognize same-sex partnerships, Weaver did not have any legal standing as a parent or spouse, she eventually lost custody of her son to Lopez's vindictive relatives."

Tags:social, segment, function, family, destabilizing, conflict, perspective, child, relatives

Abstract
The paper explains how globalization has radically altered the viability of stakeholder capitalism, the conceptual pillar of the social market model embraced by the EU and Japan. Although on the surface it would seem that shareholder capitalism is better adapted to leverage globalization to good effect, the paper discusses how if practiced in extremes to the detriment of the social safety net ringing the developed world, it could prove to be a very destabilizing force.

Tags:shareholder, stakeholder, capitalism

Abstract
This paper explains that the small nation of Chechnya has demonstrated its inability to achieve an orderly government and, instead, has been a revolutionary and destabilizing influence in other republics throughout the region. The author points out that the military, Islamic fundamentalists, which have ties to Al-Qaeda, have little desire to balance their goals with the goals of other tribes that have lived in the area for centuries. The author feels Moscow should keep Chechnya under its 'iron boot' until the people decide that the time has come to exercise self-restraint and learn to govern themselves.

From the Paper
"During the next 6 or 7 decades, the control of Chechnya changed hands a number of times, until the ascension of the Soviet Union to between the world wars. At different periods during these 7 years, the state's citizens were forced onto collective farms and Russia made efforts to restrict their religious practices. The Chechens suffered under these policies and fought fiercely for their beliefs, and their cultural heritage. Just before WWII, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin accused the Chechens of collaboration with the Nazis and deported them (again) to Central Asia. The republic was abolished and was not restored until 957, when its former inhabitants were allowed to return from exile."

Tags:moscow, destablizing, restraint, deportation, heritage

Abstract
This paper looks at the style of writing and the tale of infanticide in this work of Boyle's. The paper discusses the innocuous sounding title followed by an extremely gruesome tale regaled in the first person. It analyzes the boy's actions and his self-belief that he is committing this act out of love rather than fear or resentment.

From the paper:

"The story of "The Love of My Life" by T. Coraghessan Boyle, the author sets up a series of expectations by the reader that he subsequently and systematically subverts over the course of the narrative. Both the subject and plot of what transpires in flashback and the piecemeal, postmodern first-person narrative style enable the author to achieve this desired effect. This effect is also achieved as well by the grotesque and destabilizing language unconsciously used by the narrative 'I.' (117-133)

"When a reader learns that the title of a short story is "The Love of My Life," certain associations are immediately created in his or her mind. Such a title is not ambiguous, like a story with a one-word name."

Tags:narrative, teenage, love, kill, baby

Abstract
This paper studies the concept of suturing which is defined in many different ways such as sewing something back together, gesture or pseudo-identification, the individual watching a film as a stand-in for the camera and more. It looks at the filmmaker Ranier Werner Fassbinder's work 'Despair' as an example of a film that attempts to undercut notions of the gazer of the film becoming sutured into the web of the film and of becoming socially subjected to the predetermined constructions of reality within the film's text. Finally, it concludes that the destabilizing of a master narrative with the particularity of autobiography is better than the complicated suturing.

From the Paper
"On a very literal level, to suture something is to sew something back together, usually imperfectly, usually with a substance that is alien to the body that is being altered, such as the doctor's suturing thread that stitches together an open wound. On a semiotic level, according to Jacques-Alain Miller, Miller's definition of suture (in a nutshell) is that the suturing process in culture is the process through which a subject is joined into the signifying chain of culture, allowing a signifier to stand-in for the subject's absence in discourse. (Suture as a Laconian Concept) "

Tags:suturing, film, narrative, Ranier, Werner, Fassbinder, camera, spectator, watching