Abstract
This paper summarizes an article entitled "The Palette of Management Development", by Lidewey van der Sluis-den Dikken and Ludwig H. Hoeksema, about the interaction between developmental characteristics of the job, the learning behaviour of individuals and the consequences of this interaction for career success of managers. After a brief description of Kidden's and Hoeskema's thesis, the author of this paper then adds his own experience and commentary. He concludes that he bridges the interaction between these three policies by mandating "that all managers continue their business and managerial education" while also finding "ways to openly praise or promote those who continued their educational career growth."

From the Paper
"In the area of training and development, controlling and managing the learning process of managers always has been a controversial topic. Some old time managers believe that except for mentoring and on the job training on company specifics, a managerial candidate should come to a position fully prepared to be up to speed in a short time. Lately, learning theorists have shown that many young managerial candidates need a formal training program to fully actualize their talents and abilities. Personally, I believe that young recruits as well as older members of the managerial team of any company should be given ample opportunity for both formal and informal training and career development. Young recruits need tutelage in company culture and product knowledge, while older managers can use courses updating them on the newest validated managerial principles. "

Tags:managerial, theory, personnel, development, training, career

Abstract
In this paper the author critically reviews Bullock et. al.'s chapter in "The Clearing House" entitled "Development of Curriculum Resource Guides in a Secondary Education Course". The original work reported the results of an undergraduate-level education course in which students were to compile an annotated list of source material for use as curriculum guides. The reviewer addressed the positive aspects of this assignment as well as its limitations. The review found this article to fall short. Criticisms include that the authors did not provide any critique of the final result, nor did they give any description of how the students proceeded with their project. Also, there was no indication of how the students were led through the process of evaluating the materials examined.

From the Paper
"This diverse approach to generating curriculum guides is an interesting approach that should encourage the teams to find a wider range of informational sources than the students might have found if, for instance, only future math teachers looked at math curriculum guide materials and only elementary teachers looked at materials for elementary students."

Tags:curriculum, development, secondary, school, education

Abstract
This paper examines Abraham Maslow's theory of human development, which Maslow diagrammed as a hierarchy of needs. The paper provides a comprehensive description of this hierarchy, the base of which is formed by physiological needs, followed by social needs and culminating in self-actualization. The paper discusses the stages of early childhood development in relation to Maslow's hierarchy, and includes an overview of the developmental problems with abused children.

Table of Contents
Theory of Human Development
Physiological Needs
Safety/Order Needs
Social Needs
Esteem Needs
Self-actualization
Development Stages
Development Flaws in Abused Children
Bibliography

From the Paper
"Abraham Maslow's theory of human development suggests that basic needs are physiological and that the ultimate at the top of the pyramid model is self-actualization, which implies an unattached human being realizing its full potential and autonomy (Maslow). Maslow's theory of human development involves moving from basic needs (food and shelter) to social needs (love and esteem) to the highest needs on his hierarchy, which lead to self-actualization. According to Maslow's theory, humans have several types of needs: physiological, safety/order, social, esteem and self-actualization (Maslow). These needs are the basis of his human development theory."

Tags:physiological, social, safety, self, esteem, needs, hierarchy, protection, security

Abstract
The paper examines alcoholism and opens with a general introduction, a definition of the term alcoholism, and a description of its effects and possible social groupings that are susceptible to alcoholism. The paper also provides a general history of the evolution of alcoholic beverages. Finally, the paper examines the effects of alcoholism on varying aspects of the individual's life including health, social issues, family and work, before discussing various forms of treatment that may combat the disease.

From the Paper
"Alcoholism seems to appear almost daily, whether it is in the news, in a magazine, or just in someone's daily life. The National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism has estimated that almost fourteen million people have alcohol problems. Although many are faced with it on a regular basis, very few know of its destruction. There are many effects of alcoholism such as health problems, and psychological issues which each require different treatments that pertain to the particular symptom."

Tags:substance abuse, drugs health addiction dipsomania withdrawal dependence disease

Abstract
The paper gives a thorough description of the anomalies that can occur due to the maldevelopment of fetal tissues with the use and abuse of cocaine during pregnancy. It discusses malformations and medical procedures performed on fetuses and babies with certain malformations.

From the Paper
"In order to understand the negative affects of cocaine on fetal development, you must first understand normal fetal development. Cocaine mostly affects central nervous system development and urogenital development, of which I will elaborate on the urogenital system. The terminal part of the hindgut in the fetus is the cloaca, which is lined with endoderm and is in contact with the surface ectoderm at the cloacal membrane. The cloaca receives the allantois. Between the allantois and the hindgut, the cloaca is divided into dorsal and ventral parts by a group of mesenchymal cells called the urorectal septum. This septum grows caudally towards the cloacal membrane, and extensions of the septum produce infoldings in the walls of the cloaca that eventually fuse together forming a partition. The cloaca is now divided into a ventral urogenital sinus and a dorsal rectum. The urogenital sinus is then divided into three parts: the vesical, pelvic, and phallic parts. The bladder develops from the vesical part and from parts of the mesonephric ducts and the urethra develops from the phallic part. The mesonephric ducts are incorporated into the wall of the bladder and a ureteric bud forms at the base of these ducts. From this bud the ureters are formed and enter the bladder in a different location than the mesonephric ducts. The metanephros at the end of the ureters will eventually form the permanent kidneys. (Moore and Persaud, 1998)."

Tags:birth, central, cloaca, defects, drugs, nervous, system, urogenital

Abstract
This is a descriptive essay on the Southeast Asian economy and the various economic developments that have been taking place as of late. The focus of the paper is on small-medium enterprises burgeoning in the region. In addition, the essay describes the importance of a small-medium businesses and their place in the economy. Despite its marginalization, the writer argues, they are valued for their help in international development in both infrastructure and goods.

From the Paper
"The movement of goods and provision of services enable the nation's economy then to improve because it brought about improvement of infrastructure and development of the financial system. What happened before has been happening even to this day and despite the existence of multinational corporations and huge industrial enterprises, SMEs are still viable in ensuring the continued growth of the nation's economy. They make vital contributions in improving economic and social sectors of a country through stimulating large scale employment, investment, development of indigenous skill and technology, promotion of entrepreneurship and innovativeness, enhancing exports, and also building an industrial base at different scales (Mandal, 2007). This is especially true for Southeast Asia where SMEs are the livelihood of millions of people.
"The Southeast Asia economy today can be seen as a vibrant and booming economy marked by unprecedented growth and major contribution of goods and services not only to the region but globally as well. To define what an SME is in the Southeast Asian context may prove difficult because even in some Western books, the definitions vary. There are those that define SMEs based on the number of employees they have - 200 or less supposedly fall into this category."

Tags:economics, development, business, southeast, asia

Abstract
This paper offers a detailed description of a counseling student's journey to find the right career. The author explains that the challenge was to take a wide and expanding number of interests and boil them down to what interested him for an occupation. The paper notes that this difficult and painful process involved travel, moves, and several different jobs in different career fields. Using the step-by-step theory of career development, and completing multiple personality and aptitude assessments, the author chronicles his process of research and discovery that allowed him to define his ideal career path and goals. The paper concludes that the author would most like to work in a college counseling center with clients dealing with a range of personal, emotional, and life issues This paper contains illustrative data tables.

Outline:
Theoretical Conceptualization
Data from Inventories
Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator
Strong Interest Inventory
Validity Indices
General Occupational Themes
Basic Interest Scales
Occupational Scales
Personal Style Scales
Skills Confidence Inventory
Self-Directed Search
My Reaction
Other's Insights
Integration of Results and My Ideal Job/Career and Future Career Goals
Integration of Results
My Ideal/Job Career
Future Career Goals
References

From the Paper
"In the fall of 2002, I began to specify what I wanted to do as I realized that some of my former prejudices and misunderstandings about the fields of counseling and psychology were not true - namely that I would not be able to integrate my interest in people with my interest in an intellectually challenging career. As this became clear to me, I began to interview people in the profession to find out what they did, how they did it, and what their likes and dislikes were in regards to their chosen profession. I am still in the Specification mini-stage in regards to pursuing a career in counseling because I am not sure what that career will end up looking like and I have a lot of school to complete before the picture begins to fill in. The Specification mini-stage is characterized by the need to "specify their preferences" (Sharf, 2002)."

Tags:discovery, job, path, destiny, meaning, destination, evaluation, work, Meyers, Briggs

Abstract
This is a one page description of a poor staff development program.

From the Paper
"Sherry and Gibson point out that research shows that when schools have required educational technology, teacher use and knowledge of it is poor. They recommend staff development programs to help teachers gain the skills they need to properly implement their schools' educational technology. However, the least effective staff development program that I ever attended was a program designed to do precisely what Sherry and Gibson recommended. The staff development program was not effective for many reasons. First, it was too short. It was.."

Tags:staff, development

Abstract
This paper digs deeply into how aspirin and salbutamol were developed and also how they interact in the body from a heavy chemical and neurological perspective. It also gives a detailed overview into how, in general, pharmacueticals are developed using bronchodilars as an example. Also included are numerous diagrams in order to aid the reader comprehend the text.

From the Paper
"Since 400BC physicians prescribed a bitter powder extract from the willow bark tree to alleviate pain. In the middle of the 18th century two chemists by the name of Fontana and Brugnatelli extracted the active agent Salicin from the willow, and was then converted by Piria into Salicylic acid. Felix Hoffman a German chemist set about trying to synthesize salicylic acid."

Tags:adrenaline, adrenocepters, agonist, bark, compound, cox1, cox2, hoffman, industry, kolbe, meloxicam, pharmaceutical, phenol, salicylic, ventolin, willow

Abstract
The paper relates in descriptive terms the understanding of many African Americans that knowledge, values and principles are necessary to fulfill their ambition of self definition and development. The paper highlights with examples and discussion, the necessity for African Americans to recognize their cultural knowledge, values and principles and to self define or self develop to prevent loss of identity.

Outline:
Essential knowledge
Important principles and values

From the Paper
"Knowledge is definitely power, and the knowledge of one's roots and heritage is empowering for the individual of African America descent. In an introduction to an article entitled, Black Homeland Black Diaspora, Drachler emphasizes the importance of acknowledging one's African roots, cultures, and customs. However, Drachler also writes how this knowledge can become quite confusing with the pressure to be Americanized into a universal melting pot. This search for an "identity of wholeness and pride [...] have offered themselves, pointing toward Africa [...] the ancestral homeland" (Draschler 8-9). Drachler lists several "main tendencies" that have been attempted by African Americans to gain self-knowledge and awareness."

Tags:definition, self-development, African, American, knowledge, culture