Abstract This paper explains that the motif of the changing river and the unchanging mountain is thoroughly developed by the end of Robert Frost's poem "The Mountain". The entire interplay between the first stanza and the subsequent dialogue, the paper suggests, demonstrates this metaphorical and synecdochical relationship. The author clarifies the way the symbolic structure itself is hinted at throughout the delayed descriptivedevelopment of the poem.
From the Paper "Going back to the placement of 'The mountain' at the very beginning, we also find a door into the various tones of the poem, which gain shape in the opening stanza and echo throughout the rest of the poem. The word 'held', in the first line, immediately places a fearful sense over the mountain. Working along with 'shadow', 'held' carries traces of oppression, as a shadow is confined to following its maker around and this confinement shapes into oppression through the controlling, i.e. holding down, aspect of 'held'."
Abstract The paper relates in descriptive terms the understanding of many African Americans that knowledge, values and principles are necessary to fulfill their ambition of self definition and development. The paper highlights with examples and discussion, the necessity for African Americans to recognize their cultural knowledge, values and principles and to self define or self develop to prevent loss of identity.
Outline:
Essential knowledge
Important principles and values
From the Paper "Knowledge is definitely power, and the knowledge of one's roots and heritage is empowering for the individual of African America descent. In an introduction to an article entitled, Black Homeland Black Diaspora, Drachler emphasizes the importance of acknowledging one's African roots, cultures, and customs. However, Drachler also writes how this knowledge can become quite confusing with the pressure to be Americanized into a universal melting pot. This search for an "identity of wholeness and pride [...] have offered themselves, pointing toward Africa [...] the ancestral homeland" (Draschler 8-9). Drachler lists several "main tendencies" that have been attempted by African Americans to gain self-knowledge and awareness."
Abstract This paper reviews the evolution of organizational development (OD) from its earliest years to its much wider present state, ending with its ability or lack thereof to address today's specific issues. The field of OD has had many ups and downs, including a rise in the 1960s, a downturn in the 1970s, and its recent updating into many forms. The current broader definition of OD suggests that it may be continue to play a role if it can alters enough to assume strategic roles in organizations to focus on core values to resolve problems that have been avoided or ignored over the years. This paper conducts a systematic review of relevant literature on OD and develops a theoretical framework concerning how OD can relate to changes that occur with mergers and acquisitions and culture.
Table of Contents
Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Overview
1.2 Problem Definition
1.3 Research Objective
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Research Methodology
1.6 Data Analysis Method
1.7 Thesis Structure
Chapter Two: Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Background of the Telecommunications Sector and Job Satisfaction with Management
2.3 Overview of Motivation/Job Satisfaction Framework
2.4 Cases
Chapter Three: Research Design and Methodology
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Problem Statement
3.3 Research Objective
3.4 Methodological Framework
3.4.1 Major Research Question(s)
3.4.2. Minor Research Question(s)
3.4.3 Limitations
3.6 Data Analysis Methods
Chapter Four: Data Analyses, Findings, and Discussion
4.1 Descriptive Analysis
4.2 Discussion and Findings
Chapter Five: Conclusion, Recommendations, and Further Research
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendations
5.3 Further Research
Bibliography
From the Paper "There are many trends when it comes to employee motivation and compensation, because big business has determined that money is not the only thing that employees want. Instead, these employees are motivated by different things. It used to be that everyone assumed that employees wanted more money, and they could do any job forever, as long as they were given periodic raises and/or bonuses. In other words, the employer assumed that money was all that mattered to these people that worked for the company. However, employers eventually began to realize that praising employees made them smile, and having a casual day once a week for employees that worked on-site at the company made employees more relaxed. In addition, giving more freedom to employees that work in the field as part of an outside sales force also helps to keep them motivated."
Abstract This paper summarizes an article entitled "The Palette of Management Development", by Lidewey van der Sluis-den Dikken and Ludwig H. Hoeksema, about the interaction between developmental characteristics of the job, the learning behaviour of individuals and the consequences of this interaction for career success of managers. After a brief description of Kidden's and Hoeskema's thesis, the author of this paper then adds his own experience and commentary. He concludes that he bridges the interaction between these three policies by mandating "that all managers continue their business and managerial education" while also finding "ways to openly praise or promote those who continued their educational career growth."
From the Paper "In the area of training and development, controlling and managing the learning process of managers always has been a controversial topic. Some old time managers believe that except for mentoring and on the job training on company specifics, a managerial candidate should come to a position fully prepared to be up to speed in a short time. Lately, learning theorists have shown that many young managerial candidates need a formal training program to fully actualize their talents and abilities. Personally, I believe that young recruits as well as older members of the managerial team of any company should be given ample opportunity for both formal and informal training and career development. Young recruits need tutelage in company culture and product knowledge, while older managers can use courses updating them on the newest validated managerial principles. "
Tags: managerial, theory, personnel, development, training, career
This paper reviews a chapter in "The Clearing House" entitled "Development of Curriculum Resource Guides in a Secondary Education Course" by Bullock et. al.
Abstract In this paper the author critically reviews Bullock et. al.'s chapter in "The Clearing House" entitled "Development of Curriculum Resource Guides in a Secondary Education Course". The original work reported the results of an undergraduate-level education course in which students were to compile an annotated list of source material for use as curriculum guides. The reviewer addressed the positive aspects of this assignment as well as its limitations. The review found this article to fall short. Criticisms include that the authors did not provide any critique of the final result, nor did they give any description of how the students proceeded with their project. Also, there was no indication of how the students were led through the process of evaluating the materials examined.
From the Paper "This diverse approach to generating curriculum guides is an interesting approach that should encourage the teams to find a wider range of informational sources than the students might have found if, for instance, only future math teachers looked at math curriculum guide materials and only elementary teachers looked at materials for elementary students."
Abstract This document discusses a series of descriptive statistics questions. These range from the four types of errors related to measurement as well as response and non-response related errors. Finally, the paper makes several statistical calculations in order to establish the efficacy and practicality of descriptive statistics. Specifically, these problems rectify issues of accuracy and estimation.
From the Paper "The four major sources of measurement error are respondent, situation, measurer, and instrument. Respondent errors might occur through respondent misinterpretation of a given question or, in the case of a written survey or questionnaire, actual response error (Lomax, 2001, pp.29-31). A situational error would occur when, for example, a political survey for a given district was being taken in another district. Measurer originated errors can occur in several ways from construction and design of the actual study to poor selection of participants as well as misinterpretation of study results or actual errors in compilation of results. Instrument, such as surveys or questionnaires, often occur because they question or respond to something other than what is being tested or researched. "
Abstract This example of descriptive writing highlights the author's perceptions of a woman in a grocery store. The essay's narrator describes her late night trip to the grocery store and a young mother she encounters there. The author speculates on the young mother's situation and her character, comparing it to how she raised her own children. The narrator concludes by seeing the commonalities in the young mother's situation and her own, despite the differences in their stages of life.
From the Paper "Her voice was rich, surprisingly rich, and husky, but it sounded tired, too, like the troubles of the world weighed it down. She pushed away a strand of hair again and reached into her bag for her wallet. She looked at the cart, glanced at the contents of the wallet, and shrugged to herself. I so wanted to hand her a twenty and tell her to buy the roast and the ground beef, but I knew in my heart she would never take a handout from a stranger. She probably wouldn't even take one from her own family. It was clear she was proud and struggling as she gathered her brood together and headed for the check stands."
Abstract This paper discusses James Midgley's book, "Social Development: The Development Perspective in Social Welfare." The paper discusses Midgley's arguments and concludes that his means do not seem to justify his ends, as he fall short in comprehensively expounding and discussing the framework and conceptual dynamics of how exactly social development and policies in social welfare development can be integrated to have a mutually reinforcing effect and role with economic development.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Overview and Structure of the Book
Discussion and Review
Conclusion
From the Paper "The term "development" has been widely used in the last couple of decades. Its meaning for most people, involves a general idea of progress and change accompanied by industrialization and improvement in social wellbeing, and in effect, an enhancement in people's income, educational levels, housing, and health care. Mostly though, regard development as economic development. And in the decades following World War II, there have been significant levels of economic development with adoption of economic development prescriptions as in the Martial Plan, and subsequent application of principles to the third world. With this, levels of social welfare have also improved significantly compared to the situation at the end of the nineteenth century. But the social achievements of the recent decades have been mixed with grinding poverty, and homelessness, and lack of education, characterizing the lives of billions of people in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This is what James Midgley terms distorted development; pointing to the need for social development to counteract this phenomenon."
Tags: social development, social welfare, social philanthropy, economic development, public administration
Abstract This paper examines how economic development of any country promotes the trade and business and how free trade and liberalization in trade policies, on behalf of the governments, help the businesses to flourish and effectively compete in the world market. The writer covers the issues related to the economic development of the developing nations and discusses the aspects that have caused hindrance in the economic development of these countries. Finally the paper cites the example of a developing country (India) and discusses how liberalization in trade has helped it in making remarkable achievements with respect to economic growth and to bring improvements in its industry and trade.
From the Paper "In an era of increased globalization and advancements in technology, it has become increasingly important for all of the nations of the world to keep bringing improvements in their economic infrastructure and to expand their businesses on the global scale. It has been observed that without a reasonable level of economic development any country cannot gain a competitive position in the world market. This is the dilemma faced by most of the developed nations of the world."
Abstract The aim of employment development is to assist certain groups and individuals to cope with job markets and changing economic development. This paper explains community economic development and small business development--two contemporary approaches to employment development.
Abstract In this paper, the writer describes the importance of the function of market research. The writer then considers differences in conducting market research in developing or emerging economies and developed economies.
From the Paper "Market research is an increasingly important function in many organizations. Companies are seeking ways to find out about the needs desires and demand characteristics of their markets, as well as how to identify new markets for products and services. Traditionally, market research has been conducted in the home market of organizations or in those markets that are similar to the home markets. This is due to the overwhelming emphasis on domestic sales historically and the difficulties inherent in moving into the ... "
Tags: marketing research, market research, globalization, developing/developed countries
This essay examines the part that the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) plays
in the assistance and development of under-developed countries.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, 2005, $ 53.95
Abstract This paper discusses the role that the Canadian International Development Agency plays in the development of under-developed countries. CIDA's involvement includes measures to reduce poverty, decrease infant mortality rates, and increase political and economic development. CIDA signed an agreement with other donor nations that emphasizes international involvement in the pursuit of global equality, access to health and education, and improving basic living standards.
From the Paper " Although the triumph of democracy post cold war helped trigger the global economic boom, developing democracies have benefited least from trade and investment. It is crucial for the international donor community to address potential problems of new policies for promoting democratization of developing countries, otherwise risk losing financial and strategic investments between donors and under-developed countries. The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) values social justice, peace and humanitarianism."
Abstract This paper discusses the issues and the relationship between HIV, AIDS, development and gender. According to this paper, due to the huge gap in development between the developed and the developing countries there is also a great difference between the consequences of the disease for the people in these countries. AIDS is rapidly spreading in the developed world particularly in Africa, and South Africa has been hit the hardest. This paper examines how development impacts the spread of AIDS and how gender inequality place women at a higher risk.
From the Paper "AIDS is an international disease. It feeds on social, gender, and race inequalities; race; and prejudices and misconceptions about sexuality. A huge gap exists between developing and developed countries not only in terms of the quality of life but also in terms of experience with and consequences of HIV. Women in particular are not only valuable to the disease but also face greater consequences. Hence women in developing countries are at greatest risk of dying fro the disease. "
Abstract This paper discusses project management and several causes of project failure. At the core of these reasons for project failure are communication issues within the project. These issues are related to software development methodologies and how Agile Development is becoming more effective for software and program development than tradition project management structures. Finally, Microsoft is noted as well-known adoptee of Agile Development methodologies with its use of the Scrum method as well as a host of other Agile Development techniques.
From the Paper "Projects and project management are of singular importance to any business enterprise because they form the nexus of the primary activity of the business. Without projects and project management, no work would be completed or, at best, limited work of questionable quality would be the result. Researchers have observed that one of the most basic causes of project failure is a lack of real-time updates and poor visibility into ongoing tasks (Oates, 2006, para.2). While traditional project management has always recognized the need for periodic updates to both executive management as well as line employees regarding a project's status, contemporary project management recognizes these periodic updates as outdated and not suited to the technological environment within which most organizations operated today."
Abstract In this article, the writer maintains that Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development is a cornerstone of our understanding of moral development. The writer notes that in the tradition of Piaget, Kohlberg proposed that children form their ways of thinking--including their moral reasoning--through their experiences during development. Thus, the writer relates that moral development and reasoning is a function of the usual childhood development and lies well within the realm of psychology. The writer concludes that Kohlberg's theory of moral development is a strong extension of work already conducted by Jean Piaget on the developmental process. However, the writer claims that it is severely limited in its applicability as Kohlberg imagines incorrectly it can function as a universal guide for moral reasoning.
From the Paper "Kohlberg's theory of moral development is built on a foundation of Jean Piaget's own work on the question of moral judgment and development. Piaget's work on the subject divided moral judgment into two stages of development, with a stark division in ways of thinking between children aged more or less than ten or eleven. Younger children, Piaget argued, view morality and rules as fixed and absolute, while older children treat moral issues in more relativistic terms based on individual circumstances. Piaget found that a number of related changes occur at about the same time, when children are roughly ten or eleven. In addition to above mentioned change, when children pass this milestone they also shift from a focus on consequences to a focus on intentions. For a young child, the end result of a decision is the basis for the child's evaluation of the decision as moral or not. An older child will consider the intention of the act before making any strict judgments. Piaget's two stages of moral development are, however, quite limited and do not consider potential changes in moral reasoning that might occur as individuals pass other developmental milestones. Kohlberg recognized this deficiency and extended Piaget's work to develop a greater number of stages in moral reasoning. He argued for a more gradual, longer process of moral development that involved six distinct stages divided into three discrete levels of development. This extension of Piaget's work has been one of Kohlberg's greatest contributions to the study of moral development."
