Abstract The paper examines how the average teenager neglects sleep and shows the negative consequences which come about from sleep deprivation.
From the Paper "Is it really smart for adolescents to deprive themselves of sleep? It seems like a foolish question. Just because someone can survive performing an act of neglect to their bodies certainly doesn't mean that they should. In fact, most adolescents tend to neglect sleep and more and more negative consequences are being revealed because of this."
Abstract This paper discusses sleep deprivation in children and refers to studies conducted on the topic. The paper states that children with insufficient sleep showed a lower performance on tests associated with complex tasks as well as a significant correlation between sleep quality and neuro-behavioral functioning. The paper states that these children also had a higher rate of behavioral problems as reported by their parents. The paper continues by relating that there is a relationship linking ADHD with poor sleep since daytime symptoms of insufficient sleep in children overlap with those of ADHD. The paper questions the primary problem and further asks whether ADHD results in behavioral and other sleep disorders, or do primary sleep disorders result in ADHD? The paper concludes that a thorough evaluation of the problem and a treatment plan is required.
From the Paper " One study suggests that preteens are not getting enough sleep to meet their daily physical and mental needs. This comes from a study of 140 Israeli students in grades two, four, and six. The results show that sleep onset time in second grade was more that one hour earlier than that in sixth grade. The sixth graders reported increased morning drowsiness compared with those of the younger grades. The researchers state the reason for the later sleep onset time is not due to their physiological needs as much as psychosocial reasons. They have increased school demands, a need to feel more like adults by having a more active night life, and there are incentives to stay up later like late-night television shows and internet surfing. The study also links poor sleeping habits with lower maternal education, and adds family stress, illness, and emotional turmoil to the causes."
Abstract The paper explains how important normal sleep is for the healthy development and functioning of the human body and mind and relates how a significant cause of sleep deprivation is stress in everyday life. Lack of sleep and stress can mean that the body is more vulnerable to diseases and virus attacks as well as reduced concentration and even radical mood swings. The various consequences of sleep deprivation show how prolonged loss of sleep can result not only in the impairment of mental functioning but also effects the physiological ability of the body to function correctly and to fight disease. The paper concludes that sleep deprivation is becoming a serious threat to health in our contemporary society.
From the Paper "Sleep deprivation is a common ailment in modern society and it affects 47 million American adults, or almost a quarter of the adult population. (Sleep Deprivation Symptoms) In essence sleep deprivation refers to an extended period of time in which the body and mind are deprived of normal sleep. The effects and symptoms of sleep deprivation can range from memory loss to an impairment of physical and mental functioning. Symptoms can interfere with memory, energy levels, mental abilities, and emotional mood. This ailment is often a product of our rushed and work --driven modern world. Besides the pace of modern life and work, there are a number of causes, including stress. Other causes include health and mental problems as well as the imbibing of certain foodstuffs and caffeine. The central thesis of this paper is to show, through a study of the causes and effects of sleep deprivation, how important normal sleep is for the healthily development and functioning of the human body and mind."
Abstract Paper deals with sleep deprivation in America's youth and students. Sleep is defined and the process is briefly explained. Includes explanations of poor sleep habits, sleep mechanisms and past catastrophic events relating to sleep deprivation.
From the Paper "Sleep deprivation among teens and adolescents has long been an overlooked problem in this country. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, there are as many as 100,000 car crashes each year that are linked to drowsy driving. Over half of those crashes involved adolescent drivers ages 15-24. (NTSA, 1999) Furthermore, those numbers are increasing each year at an alarming rate."
Tags: disorder, dreams, loss, polysomnography, rem, study
Abstract This paper introduces and discusses the topic of sleep deprivation. Specifically, it analyzes how narcolepsy and lack of sleep has an effect on short-term and long-term memory. The paper also provides ways of avoiding sleep deprivation. The writer emphasizes the importance of good sleeping habits to ensure a well-balanced, healthy life.
From the Paper "Sleep. We cannot live without it, but sometimes, it seems like we would like to. Sleep deprivation has become much more common in our hectic and demanding society. "Like the religious ascetics of medieval times, many people today regard sleep as 'time lost.' They regret that the day is only twenty-four hours long and that they do not have time to do all the things they should do or would like to do" (Borbaely 158). One report notes that most people would rather sleep an hour more than they usually do, and in another study, people who slept less that six hours a night displayed the tendency to fall asleep during the day, or complain of being tired during the day."
Abstract This paper examines how compensatory education schemes were introduced in the 1960s in an effort to reduce the perceived disadvantages of children from deprived social backgrounds. It analyses why these schemes were introduced and how effective they were. It shows how in this context, cultural deprivation really refers to working-class children whose home backgrounds are thought to be inferior compared to their middle-class peers.
From the Paper "In America this idea of compensatory education began under what was known as "Operation Head Start". Educational psychologists believed that if the compensatory education schemes were to be of any real benefit, they would have to be enforced on children of pre-school years. They thought that by the time a child reached "school" age primary integration had already begun, so therefore, for the schemes to be successful they usually involved pre-school educational compensation. More resources were consequently put into pre-school educational facilities for the poor. This scheme spread over the country aiming to provide a "planned enrichment" policy in the schools of America, by laying good foundations for effective learning in the educational system the young children were about to properly begin."
Abstract This paper addresses the problem of sleep deprivation in high school students. The paper uses different studies conducted on high school students and studies of why schools should have later opening times in order to examine the issue of what happens when high school students don't receive sufficient hours of sleep. The paper looks at whether sleep-deprived students actually recall what they learned in school and explains some of the effects that not getting enough sleep have on the brain and the physical body.
From the Paper "This is a very important issue for many reasons, perhaps primarily being that this is a problem that needs to be recognized and corrected, because teenagers may develop sleep disorders later if they are forced by too many commitments into getting not enough sleep. It is also an important issue to bring to the attention of the school district and administrators as well as others involved in the planning process of school functions, because opening school on just a slightly-adjusted time schedule could have definite results in improving academic outcomes. Generally the educational establishment, aside from some test cases that will be mentioned in this report, has tended to view the teenager who doesn't get enough sleep as someone caught sleeping in class: they are to be punished rather than looking at the larger problem. Many students unfortunately have complicated and over committed lives in which they only have a small window to do homework."
Abstract This paper considers how prolonged hours of work and sleep deprivation impact outcomes for the individual. Specifically, the paper considers altered sleep-wake schedules for firefighters and first responders. It provides a more integral understanding of the problems that can arise, specifically in the workplace, when individuals do not acquire enough sleep.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
Prolonged Hours of Work and Sleep Deprivation Firefighters and First Responders
Addressing the Issue
Conclusion
From the Paper "In an effort to address this gap in the literature, Akerstedt, et al., (2002) surveyed a national sample of 47,860 individuals over the course of a 20 year period. During this time period a total of 166 fatal occupational accidents occurred. Accident data was correlated with a host of variables to determine the impact of sleep deprivation in these incidents. The variables included: gender, relative risk, difficulties in sleeping, shift work or non-day work, age, socioeconomic status, hectic work, overtime and strenuous work. The results of the investigation demonstrate that self reported disturbed sleep was a statistically significant predictor of accidental death at work. Other variables of significance in this research included gender--men rather than women were more likely to die in workplace accidents--and non-day work--a majority of accidents occurred during shift work which took place in the evening or at night. These results clearly demonstrate the impact that sleep deprivation can have on outcomes for the individual and the workplace."
Abstract This paper applies the model of relative deprivation to the Civil Rights movement and includes excerpts from and analysis of the primary work "An Easy Burden" by Andrew Young. This model contends that the reason people desire change has less to do with an actual dissatisfaction with their situation, and more to do with how well their circumstances rate against the circumstances of others in society.
From the Paper "An Easy Burden's author Andrew Young, who experienced the dynamics of the movement first hand, declares: ?Racism, war, and poverty were heavy burdens, to challenge injustice was an easy burden" (Young, 1992). This was true in the 1960s, but there was a vast chunk of American history in which racial discrimination was simply accepted. By connecting relative deprivation theory to Young's statement, we can see that it was not until the black community was able to face the reality of its injustices by comparing itself with the image of America being portrayed in the ever-expanding media, that its members were truly inspired to incite change."
Tags: andrew, burden, easy, young, dissatisfaction, society
Abstract This paper consists of an expository essay, which argues that sight deprivation is more threatening than hearing loss. This is written from a middle-age perspective, and focuses on psychological effects.
Abstract Firefighters, military personnel and doctors have some of the most challenging professions in the world. As these honorable heroes fight to save lives, they often do so at the expense of one of the vital necessities of life, adequate rest. But does this affect their reactions, skills and performance in their absolute life or death duties? This paper discusses and analyzes the physical and mental affects of sleep deprivation, focusing primarily on how sleep deprivation can make skilled professionals' performance in these essential positions suffer. It is the contention of this paper that sleep deprivation has the near equivalent affect of being legally intoxicated.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Physiological Affects
Sleep Deprivation and Emergency Personnel
Doctors
Firefighters
Case Study
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "As stated, people find concentration, creativity, physical activity, as well as disease recovery (immune suppression from sleeplessness) more difficult as they become more sleep deprived. The body's reaction to sleep deprivation is to turn off certain essential functions of the brain, resulting in lessened efficiency in most life tasks. The question that remains is how do professionals in life saving and emergency positions deal with sleep deprivation, and why have officials not yet emphasized the importance of sleep for job function, as they have drugs and alcohol?"
A review of J. E. Brody's article, "Personal Health: At Every Age, Feeling the Effects of Too Little Sleep," that was published in the New York Times in 2007.
Abstract This paper discusses the effects of chronic sleep deprivation. It looks at the link between chronic sleep deprivation and some of the most prevalent major health issues in the United States today. The paper focuses on J. E. Brody's article, "Personal Health: At Every Age, Feeling the Effects of Too Little Sleep," that was published in the New York Times in 2007. It reviews the article and discusses the article's content.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Circadian Rhythms
Sleep Deprivation in Modern American Society
Sleep Deprivation and Specific Health Risks
From the Paper "All mammalian species have a need for regular sleep and while it is clear that sleep provides a restorative function, scientists do not yet understand its precise biological function (Siegel, 2005). Numerous prior research studies have established the link between sleep deprivation and impaired attention and daytime mental acuity, but more recent evidence has suggested that chronic sleep deprivation is directly related to heart disease, diabetes, and obesity, in addition to playing a role in depression and behavioral difficulties (Brody, 2007). Combined with the fact that chronic sleep deprivation is considered a social epidemic throughout modern American society, the link between it and some of the most prevalent major health issues makes understanding the precise functions and mechanisms of sleep even more important than previously suspected (Siegel, 2005)."
Abstract This paper explains that themes of death, altered states of consciousness and mental chaos are conveyed through traditional and sophisticated uses of poetic composition in Emily Dickinson's "I Felt a Funeral in My Brain". The author points out that the poet employs a plethora of poetic techniques such as alliteration, repetition, rhyme and rhythm to create mood and convey the central themes of emptiness and mental chaos. The paper relates that, just as sensory deprivation is a common tool used to create altered states of consciousness, so, too, is sensory overload; the speaker in "I Felt a Funeral in My Brain" describes both sensory deprivation and sensory overload.
From the Paper "Alliteration and repetition provide the musical and rhythmic backbone of Dickinson's poem. Examples of alliteration include: "felt a funeral," "seated, / A service," "silence some strange," and "dropped down," (1; 6; 15; 17). In addition to alliteration, "I Felt a Funeral in My Brain" also contains several examples of word repetition: "treading, treading," "beating, beating," "down, and down," (3; 7; 17). The rhythmic quality of both alliteration and repetition mirrors the motif of drums that the speaker refers to in the second stanza. Therefore, poetic devices perfectly reflect the theme. Musicality is also conveyed through careful word selections: the third stanza begins: "And then I heard them lift a box, / And creak across my soul /.../ Then space began to toll," (9-12). Key words invoking music and sound include "heard," "creak," and "toll." Aural imagery continues in the fourth stanza, which continues where the third left off with its allusion to a bell tolling."
Abstract The paper explains that the due process law, as stated in the 14th and 5th Amendments, requires a thorough evidentiary hearing before a person can be deprived of benefits. The paper describes the due process law as ensuring that when the government, whether federal or state, decides to terminates a person's entitlements, he/she will be given an opportunity to use his/her legal rights in the most suitable manner to defend his/her position. The paper examines evidentiary hearing and what the court's opinion has been on the deprivation of benefits. The paper also looks at the landmark Goldberg vs. Kelly case.
From the Paper "While the Fourteenth Amendment expressively mentions states, the Fifth Amendment deals with due process law in federal context. Now that we know that a person cannot be deprived of benefits without due process of law, it is also important to mention here that an essential component of due process is evidentiary hearing. This was decided by the Court in the landmark case Goldberg v Kelly (1970). This allowed evidentiary hearing to become an important part of the rights granted to a citizen under due process law. The two important questions that are answered in evidentiary hearing are concerned with jurisdiction and presence of probable cause. Jurisdiction question can be settled easily while probable cause requires further explanation."
Abstract The paper discusses the theory that segregation of a neighborhood is a strong correlating factor determining the rate of crime in that area. Researching in a strong criminologist mindset, the paper touches on economic deprivation, the influence crime has on social change, social organization, adversity in black neighborhoods and police action in different segregated areas. The paper concludes that the higher the segregation in a neighborhood, the higher the rate of crimes and arrest.
Outline:
Economic Deprivation Crime Influences Social Changes
Rising From the Ghetto
Social Organization
Adverse to Black Neighbors?
Police Action in Different Segregated Areas
Conclusion
From the Paper "Subsequent research demonstrates that at any given point in time the racial composition of an individual suburban community or of a suburban region is a strong independent predictor of its level of violent crime" (Liska et al, 1998). As embarrassing as it may be, it is safe to say that segregation still exists in the United States. Minorities in America have been given many rights since the 1960's and 1970's and many eyes have been opened to embrace being blind to the color of a person's skin. Unfortunately much of the country is segregated, mainly whites from non-whites. How does this segregation affect crime? What is the correlation between crime and segregated and non-segregated neighborhoods?
