Abstract
This paper describes the stalemate America faces in trying to find a solution to being dependent on oil from the Arab world. The author traces the history and background of this problem, and cites the end of the 1973 oil embargo as the reason that no serious research has continued in this field. The paper additionally shows how oil pricing is high and further outlines the causes of Western dependency on oil. Also analyzed is the connection between oil dependency, the increased energy needs of emerging nations and the environment. The author concludes with a call for more research and public awareness of the issue of oil dependency.

Outline:
Introduction and Background
Genesis, Continuation and Increasing of Problem
Attempted Solutions
Evidence for the Problems of High Oil Price
Causes
Effects
Solutions
Conclusion
Table "U.S. Retail Gasoline Prices"

From the Paper
"Solutions to the ongoing and continually-increasing problem of oil dependency could still be reached; if the political will and commitment were to truly exist (and in the opinion of this author, it currently does not). No real solution is viable without that. Oil lobbies would need to lose their grip on Washington politicians, which would even conceivably happen only if a groundswell of citizenry were to threaten to "un-elect" the career politicians supported, politically and sometimes, at least to an extent, personally (trips; favors) by various big oil interests."

Tags:oil, OPEC, United, States, Arab, world, petroleum, dependency, alternative, energy, sources

Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of welfare dependency. Some believe that welfare programs actually facilitate the creation of a welfare culture that becomes dependent on the programs. But how true is this argument? Does the welfare system actually create the conditions of welfare dependency? Is there such a thing as welfare dependency? The paper reviews these questions and the discussions they create.

From the Paper
"For the past several decades, there has been a growing debate over the effectiveness of developing welfare states in the West. In the United States, in particular, the welfare state has been criticized heavily. In fact, despite a history of welfare dating back to the early decades of the Twentieth Century, politics in the United States still fall back on anti-welfare rhetoric. One of the major issues on which the debate has turned is the matter of welfare dependency. Some believe that welfare programs actually facilitate the creation of a welfare culture that becomes dependent on the programs. According to this argument, over time individuals are less able to function without the aid of the state. They become utterly dependent upon welfare "handouts" in order to survive. "

Tags:sociology, welfare, dependency

Abstract
The paper compares and contrasts the modernization and dependency perspectives commonly raised when explaining third-world under-development. In particular, the paper assesses the strengths and weaknesses of each and determines which of the two is more effective at illustrating why so much of the world continues to lag behind north America and Europe. The paper illustrates how the dependency theory, while not flawless, is a more thoughtful and persuasive explanation for why the poorer nations of the world are unable to bridge the gap between themselves and the west.

From the Paper
"The following paper will compare and contrast the modernization and dependency perspectives commonly raised when explaining third-world under-development. In particular, the next few pages will assess the strengths and weaknesses of each and determine which of the two is more effective at illustrating the why so much of the world continues to lag behind north America and Europe. In the final analysis, it seems fairly clear that dependency theory, while not flawless, is a more thoughtful and persuasive explanation for why the poorer nations of the world are unable to bridge the gap between themselves and the west."

Tags:dependency, theory, modernization

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to critique a research paper in depth and in order to do this the author will be looking at different aspects of the research paper. The paper relates that currently, care dependencies have become a very common topic in nursing literature and there have been many different studies that have been undertaken in the industrialized world especially in the Nordic countries. Therefore, the main concept and the aim of this paper is to analyze the meaning of care dependency that would be common to both the giver and the receiver and would reduce the amount of confusion that is currently being experienced in the area.

From the Paper
"The objective of this paper is to critique a research paper in depth and in order to do this the author will be looking at different aspects of the research paper. Currently care dependencies have become a very common topic in nursing literature and there have been many different studies that have been undertaken in the industrialized world especially in the Nordic countries. Therefore the main concept and the aim of this paper was to analyze the meaning of care dependency that would be common both the giver and the..."

Tags:care, dependency, critique

Abstract
The paper assesses the strengths and weaknesses of each theoretical paradigm to determine which of the two is more effective at illustrating why so much of the world continues to lag behind North America and Europe. The paper concludes that it seems fairly clear that dependency theory, while not flawless, is a more thoughtful and persuasive explanation for why the poorer nations of the world are unable to bridge the gap between themselves and the west.

From the Paper
"The following paper will compare and contrast the modernization and dependency perspectives commonly raised when explaining third-world under-development. Of especial note, the next few pages will assess the strengths and weaknesses of each theoretical paradigm and determine which of the two is more effective at illustrating why so much of the world continues to lag behind North America and Europe. In the final analysis, it seems fairly clear that dependency theory, while not flawless, is a more thoughtful and persuasive explanation for why the poorer nations of the world are unable to bridge the gap between themselves and the west."

Tags:dependency, modernization, theory

Abstract
This paper examines the concepts of modernisation and dependency theory in relation to developed and undeveloped countries. It shows how the theories are very different in their approach and the eventual outcomes of their analysis of the world system lead to very different ideas as to how the undeveloped world can "catch up" with the western world. It attempts to address the different elements inherent within the two theories, highlighting any differences and similarities and how they may be applied in the current global environment.

From the Paper
"The theory of Dependency was according to Chong-Ya: "in vogue in Latin America in the 1950s and 1960s," although its origins as an established critique stem from the inauguration of the Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA) in 1948. The major role of the ECLA was to initiate "more systematic economic research" whilst it also "necessitated a policy of import substitution, later systematized into a fully-fledged development strategy." Yet the theory still holds weight in light of the increase in supposed exploitative agents. Recent globalization is thought to have been the origin of the exponential growth of the dominance of multi-national largely western corporations in the world system."

Tags:america, debate, dependency, development, international, latin, north, relations, south, third, world

Abstract
The paper analyzes the relationship between anxiety and chemical dependency, including diagnosis, treatment, and comorbidity.

From the Paper
"Patients presenting with some type of chemical dependency; alcoholism, drug use/abuse and so forth, are often given what is known as a dual diagnosis. A differential diagnosis consists of ruling out various alternative diagnoses, ruling out an etiological, general, medical condition determining the specific primary disorder, and ultimately establishing boundaries between disorders or no disorders. A dual diagnosis in contrast refers to a case in which an individual presents with an emotional psychiatric problem along with an alcohol..."

Tags:anxiety disorder, chemical dependency

Abstract
This paper uses the example of Canada to illustrate the modern world's dependency on automobiles. The paper explains that cheap fuel, inexpensive cars and poor public transportation make it very easy and convenient for people to simply use automobiles for transportation and that, in order to reduce our dependency on automobiles, cities must adopt new urbanism planning models.

From the Paper
"Most people in todays society rely solely on their cars for means of transportation. With cheap fuel, inexpensive cars and poor public transportation, it is just easier for people to drive to where they want to go. Not only do most Canadians drive to work, fewer and fewer are choosing to take public transportation. Mainly because of a lack of federal funding, our transit systems aren't fast enough, direct enough or convenient enough to make them attractive options for more people. Currently, local and provincial governments spend nearly three billion dollars per year on transit, while the federal government provides no funding. To revitalize transit in Canada, federal and provincial governments should establish public transit improvement funds out of annual fuel-tax revenue (Torrie, 2004). By creating a better transit system that is more appealing to the masses, auto dependency would decrease. Cities like Vancouver and Calgary are utilizing more user friendly transportation systems. They have rapid transit systems that connect suburban areas to the downtown along major thoroughfares, as well as buses that link the more isolated areas to the rapid transit systems. Vancouver it is almost double the average U.S. cities transit level (Newmann, 1996). Meanwhile a city such as Winnipeg is so dependant on its automobiles it cannot begin to even attempt to utilize a rapid transit system. It has such a hold on the use of private autos that all of the streets are designed with the private automobile in mind. The physical layout of our cities creates an inelasticity of demand for automobile usage; to reduce demand is to cause considerable pain as alternatives simply do not exist (Newmann, 1996)."

Tags:travel, land, use, patterns, transport, urban, core, redevelopment, sustainable, private

Abstract
The paper discusses how, with the problems in foreign policy and the volatile situation in the Middle East, it is important to reduce the U.S. dependency on foreign nations for oil with regard to vehicle use. The paper maintains that the time has come to use alternative means of fuel and suggests ethanol technology for transportation needs. The paper explains that supporters of ethanol technology believe the effort is worth the end result, since the use of ethanol is environmentally friendly and will provide business for the domestic farmer because it uses surplus agricultural crops.

From the Paper
"As gasoline prices continue to rise and Americans become increasingly frustrated at the pumps attention is turning to finding a way to decrease US dependency on foreign nations for oil. Gasoline is at an all time high. The nation is at war and an underlying concern about this war as well as other conflicts within the Middle East is the dependency on oil for vehicle use that the United States has allowed to occur. With the problems in foreign policy, and the volatile situation in the middle east it is important to reduce the US dependency on foreign nations for oil with regards to vehicle use. The time has come to improve and use the ethanol technology for transportation needs in America."

Tags:ethanol, corn, alternative, gasoline

Abstract
This paper examines how both dependency theory and Marxist theory suggest reasons why Latin America and similar areas in the world have not achieved the same level of economic development as the developed world and how each theory has then been used as a reason for making changes to effect greater levels of development. It considers the history and political and social structures in Latin America and looks at how the way these theories have affected Latin American economies and their citizens.

From the Paper
"Development and underdevelopment are seen in terms of dependency theory as part of the same process and not as separate entities. Dependency theory was fashioned to explain the patterns of development in Latin America and held that this development had been conditioned by the incorporation of the region into the capitalist mode of production. The dependency of the Third World on the developed capitalist nations involves an interaction that explains the economic and social-class formations that have emerged in places like Latin America and also the structure of trade, technology, and investment between the developed and the developing world (Topik, 1987, pp. 554-555)."

Tags:development, third, world, trade